The origin and legend of solar terms in long summer: a brief legend of long summer, 24 solar terms

Introduction: There are 24 solar terms in Chinese traditional culture, and each solar term has related origins and legends. Do you know how the seventh solar term of the 24 solar terms came from long summer? What are the origins and legends of solar terms in long summer? The following is a brief legend of long summer, 24 solar terms, which I brought. Interested friends come and have a look soon.

The origin and legend of solar terms in long summer

Twenty-four solar terms refer to the specific festivals in the official calendar that indicate seasons, phenology, climate change and the establishment of "December". "Twenty-four solar terms" was originally determined by the Beidou bucket handle. When Beidou bucket handle points to the southeast, it is long summer. The current "twenty-four solar terms" are divided by the "constant gas method", that is, each solar term corresponds to a certain position reached by the earth every 15 degrees on the ecliptic; It divides the annual movement track of the sun into 24 equal parts, each 15 is equal part, and each equal part is a solar term. When the solar meridian reaches 45, it is the long summer node. "Twenty-four solar terms" is a knowledge system formed by observing the annual movement of the sun and recognizing the changing laws of seasons, climate and phenology in a year.

The solar term long summer was established at the end of the Warring States Period (239 BC), which indicates the change of seasons and the beginning of summer in all seasons. In fact, according to the standard of climatology, if the daily average temperature rises above 22℃ steadily, it will start in summer. Before and after "long summer", only the area south of Fuzhou-Nanling line in China is really "the trees are dark in summer, and the balcony is reflected in the pond", while some areas in the northeast and northwest have just entered the spring, and the average temperature in most parts of the country is around 18 ~ 2℃, which is exactly "all kinds of red and purple fighting for the grass." In May, Sophora japonica is in full bloom in many places. In long summer, everything is flourishing. People used to regard long summer as an important solar term when the temperature rises obviously, the summer heat is coming, the thunderstorm increases and crops enter the peak season.

According to folklore experts, long summer is an important festival in ancient China. At the same time, experts point out that many ancient festivals and their customs are derived from sacrificial rites, and of course, "long summer" is no exception. According to some data, the earliest appearance of "long summer" also originated from ancient sacrificial rites. In the Zhou Dynasty, people no longer sacrificed to gods at a fixed time every day, but changed the time of sacrifice to seasons, for example.

In long summer, everything is flourishing. In the book "Lotus Born in Eight Chapters" written by the Ming Dynasty, "On the day of Meng Xia, heaven and earth began to meet and everything was beautiful." At this time, the summer harvest crops entered the late growth stage, the winter wheat blossomed and filled, the rape was close to maturity, and the year of the summer harvest crops was basically a foregone conclusion. Therefore, the agricultural proverb has the saying that "long summer sees summer". According to records, during the Zhou Dynasty, on the day of long summer, the emperor personally led officials of civil and military forces to the suburbs to "welcome the summer" and instructed Stuart and other officials to go to various places to encourage farmers to work hard. Old customs make summer a traditional folk festival, called "long summer Festival."

The Han Dynasty also followed this custom. The Book of Sacrifice in the Later Han Dynasty says: "On the day of long summer, summer was welcomed, and in the southern suburbs, Zhu Rong, Chi Di, was sacrificed, and the car flags and costumes were all red." Song "Zhu Ming", dance "Dance of Cloud Wings". In the Song Dynasty, etiquette became more complicated. It was not until the Ming Dynasty that there was a "taste of new customs". In the Qing Dynasty, "Ji Sheng at the age of Emperor Jing" contained that "long summer took the spring buds of rice noodles exposed at ordinary times and fried them with sugar noodles to make various fruit stacks and fed them to each other". And the willow branches are folded into fruit for children's food. In Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces, there is also the custom of eating flower rice in long summer, and there are also people who call it "eating tonic food". There is also a folk custom that "long summer eats eggs and stones are crushed". It is said that eating eggs and duck eggs in long summer can enhance physical fitness and resist summer heat. Some people in long summer eat bamboo shoots, and some in long summer drink, all on the festival day, which is called "Seeing Three Novelties in long summer". In the southern region, in the old days, every family steamed new tea and gave it to relatives and neighbors with various fruits.

according to the twenty-four solar term, "the establishment is the beginning, the summer, the fake, the fake, the big, and everything is fake and big at this time." That is, at this time in long summer, spring ends and summer begins. Therefore, in some places, long summer is also called "Spring End Day".

in the Zhou dynasty, it gradually came into being that the emperor of Zhou, as the head of a country, needed to be pro-Japanese to preside over the sacrificial ceremony. It is recorded in the Book of Rites that on the day of long summer, the emperor personally led three princes, nine ministers, governors and doctors to welcome summer in the southern suburbs.

In terms of season, long summer is actually the beginning of summer, which means that there will be a lot of heavy rain and thunderstorm weather, and everything will enter a season of vigorous growth. In rural areas, there are still many weather conditions in long summer on that day to predict the overall weather trend in summer, such as: "If it doesn't rain in long summer, it will be dry until wheat comes" and "If it doesn't rain in long summer, the plows will hang high".

a brief legend of long summer, 24 solar terms

Legend 1

long summer is still a traditional festival of old-age customs. On the day of the Zhou Dynasty in long summer, the son of heaven led three officials and nine ladies and doctors to welcome the summer in the suburbs south of the city. And held a ceremony to worship the late Emperor Zhu Rong. The Han Dynasty also followed this custom. The Book of Sacrifice in the Later Han Dynasty reads: "On the day of long summer, summer was welcomed, and in the southern suburbs, Zhu Rong, Chi Di, was sacrificed, and the flag costumes were all red." Song "Zhu Ming", dance "Dance of Cloud Wings". In the Song Dynasty, etiquette became more complicated. It was not until the Ming Dynasty that there was a "taste of new customs". In the Qing Dynasty, "Ji Sheng at the age of Emperor Jing" contained that "long summer took the spring buds of rice noodles exposed at ordinary times and fried them with sugar noodles to make various fruit stacks and fed them to each other". And the willow branches are folded into fruit for children's food. In Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces, there is also the custom of eating flower rice in long summer, and there are also people who call it "eating tonic food". There is also a folk custom that "long summer eats eggs and stones are crushed". It is said that eating eggs and duck eggs in long summer can enhance physical fitness and resist summer heat. Some people in long summer eat bamboo shoots, and some in long summer drink, all on the festival day, which is called "Seeing Three Novelties in long summer". In the southern region, in the old days, every family steamed new tea and gave it to relatives and neighbors with various fruits.

Legend 2

The second legend of long summer's "calling people" is related to Liu Chan, the queen of Shu in the Three Kingdoms period.

At the end of the Three Kingdoms, Shu, which was run by Liu Chan, the late ruler, was already weak. This year, the general of Wei Wargo was ordered to lead an army to cut Shu, and the soldiers forced Liu Chan to surrender. Zheng Zheng, a loyal minister in Shu, proposed to Wargo that "Liu Chan is the king of a country, and he can't be abused after surrendering to Weidu, and he can't lose a bit of flesh, otherwise he would rather die than surrender". Wargo agreed to this condition.

After Liu Chan surrendered, he was taken to Luoyang, the capital of Wei State at that time. Duke Wei named him the Duke of Anle, and gave him a house, ten thousand silks and satins, and hundreds of beautiful women. From then on, Liu [Zen] feasted, ate, drank and had no shame of forgetting his country. In the second year, Liu Chan was called to be weighed, but the king who forgot the country gained more than 2 kilograms instead of losing weight. This day also happens to be the beginning of summer. There is a poem in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms that says, "Make fun and smile, and don't worry about the dangerous land." If you are happy in a foreign land and forget your old country, you will know that your late master is a mediocre man. "