How urgent is it to know the weather conditions of underwater animals and plants?

1, there are different climates on the land, corresponding to different natural zones on the land. What you see is the map of land climate distribution in the world!

Humans mainly live on land, and all kinds of activities are mainly carried out on land. It is enough to know the climate of each place and look at the distribution map of world climate types.

2. To understand the regional differences of the world's oceans, we must look at the natural zonal map of the world's oceans.

Compared with land, the vast ocean surface is single, and the distribution of surface temperature, salinity, hydrodynamic force and marine life also has certain zonality. However, due to the huge fluidity of seawater, the zonality is not as obvious as that of Chinese mainland, the boundaries between natural areas can only be roughly determined, and the number of marine natural areas is also small. The division of marine natural zones is still based on hot zones, and the distribution of biota is also one of the main signs to divide marine natural zones. According to the different sea surface temperature in winter, it can be divided into four types: cold water (below 0℃), warm water (0 ~ 10℃), warm water (10 ~ 20℃) and hot water (above 20℃). Combined with the changes of plankton quantity closely related to seawater temperature, physical and chemical characteristics and water movement, the world oceans can be divided into seven natural regions.

(1) Arctic belt. Including the Arctic Ocean outside most of the Barents Sea and the Atlantic Ocean from northwest Newfoundland to Iceland in eastern North America. The surface water temperature here is low, and because the mainland has a long freezing period, there are not many nutrients flowing into the sea from rivers, so the types of marine life are limited. Only in the marginal sea area where the ice melts can there be plankton, which attracts some fish and other animals to come here. Among them, the fish with economic value mainly include Arctic cod and white herring. In addition, there are cetaceans (Arctic whales or Greenland whales) as well as seals, walruses and seagulls, puffins and puffins.

(2) North temperate zone. It is adjacent to the Arctic belt in the north and the sea area around 40 north latitude in the south. Influenced by polar air mass all the year round, the surface water temperature in winter is low, but the salinity is low, the oxygen content is high, the vertical exchange of water mass is strong, and the water body is rich in nutrients and plankton. Therefore, a large number of fish feeding on plankton breed and grow, which has become the distribution area of important fishing grounds in the world. The fish species in this area are much richer than those in the Arctic, including Pacific cod, herring and salmon, which play an important role in the world fishery economy. Among mammals, there are seals, donkeys, sea otters, Japanese whales and dolphins in the Pacific Ocean. There are Biscay whales, white sea dolphins and seals in Atlantic waters.

(3) the northern tropics. It is located between 40 ~ N10 ~ N18. Controlled by the subtropical high pressure zone all the year round, the vertical exchange of water bodies in the vast sea area is weak, nutrients in deep water are not easy to upwell, and plankton and economically valuable fish are few. However, in the sea area affected by the equatorial current, the deep-water surge rich in nutrients enables plankton and fish to breed, forming a valuable fish fishing area. There are few mammals, mainly sperm whales. There are many kinds of zooplankton in the north and a lot of corals, turtles and sharks in the south.

(4) equatorial belt. It lies between north latitude 10 and south latitude 18. Located in the equatorial low pressure area, the annual temperature is high, the wind is weak and evaporation is strong. In addition, the vertical exchange of seawater caused by equatorial ocean current makes the nutrients in the lower layer rise, and the biological nutrients are rich, and there are many fish, mainly sharks and pomfrets. Flying fish is a typical fish in equatorial zone.

(5) the southern tropics. Located between 0 ~ 8 south latitude and 40 south latitude. Because the high pressure in this zone is particularly strong, the tropical position moves northward, and other characteristics and causes are basically the same as those in the north tropical zone.

(6) South temperate zone. About 40 ~ 60 south latitude, the development and growth conditions of marine life are similar to those in the north temperate zone. With abundant marine plants, extremely good growth of macroalgae and abundant plankton, it is the zone with the largest number of marine animals in the southern hemisphere. Several kinds of animals can be seen in the south temperate zone and the north temperate zone, such as seals, fur seals, whales, swordfish, minnows, roes and sharks. Southern marine animals overwinter here in winter, and tropical marine animals fatten here in summer. In the southwest of the African continent and the coast of Peru in South America, because of upwelling, rich nutrients and organic matter in deep seawater are brought to the surface of seawater, which makes plankton multiply in large quantities, so fish are very rich and become an important fishing area in the southern hemisphere.