What are the hazards of floods?

Flood is a phenomenon that the water volume or water level of rivers, lakes and oceans increases sharply caused by natural factors such as rainstorm, sudden melting of ice and snow, storm surge, etc. Its hazards are: causing casualties; Cause the outbreak and epidemic of diseases; The decline of individual immunity and psychological depression increase the pathogenic factors; Water pollution.

1, causing casualties.

Flood disaster caused by the collapse of flood-hit buildings leads to death or injury, while the victims died or died of disaster, famine or disease. This is the most direct harm of flood disaster to people.

2. Cause the outbreak and epidemic of diseases.

Livestock floods require a lot of movement due to floods or flooding. On the one hand, the source of infection shifts to non-epidemic areas, and on the other hand, susceptible people enter epidemic areas, which has potential epidemic factors. Such as influenza, measles and malaria, are all caused by this sport.

3, individual immunity is reduced, mental and psychological depression, and pathogenic factors are increased.

During the disaster, lack of food, malnutrition and decreased immunity make people's resistance to diseases decline and easily lead to infectious diseases. Because of anxiety, anxiety, tension and psychological depression, the regulatory function of the body is affected, which is easy to lead to diseases. Some non-communicable chronic diseases increase the seizure function and easily lead to diseases.

? 4. Water pollution

Flood disaster has damaged water supply facilities and sewage discharge conditions to varying degrees. For example, toilets, garbage dumps and livestock sheds are flooded, which will cause water pollution of well water and tap water. A large number of floating objects and animal carcasses remain on the water surface, and after exposure to high temperature and sunlight, they are corrupt and smelly.

The flood also washed a lot of sediment from the ground into the water, making the sensory properties of the water body worse and turbid and suspended. In some developed urban and rural areas, industrial wastewater, waste residue, pesticides and other chemicals are not treated and disposed in time, which may lead to chemical pollution in the local water environment after being flooded, or warehouses storing toxic chemicals in some areas are flooded, resulting in large-scale chemical pollution due to chemical leakage.

Extended data

What are the countermeasures before the flood?

1. It is rainy in summer and autumn in most parts of China, so we should always pay attention to weather forecast and disaster warning information. Affected by monsoon climate, rainfall in summer and autumn in China is concentrated, and floods are frequent, with a wide range of disasters and strong suddenness. Pay close attention to weather forecast and flood disaster information in summer and autumn, prepare for disaster prevention in combination with your geographical location and terrain conditions, and familiarize yourself with the best evacuation route in advance.

2, according to the local government's flood control plan, prepare for flood disaster prevention. In order to cope with the flood disaster, local governments will formulate emergency plans in advance, and individuals should familiarize themselves with the flood control plans and measures in the region through government websites or mass media in advance, including hidden danger disaster points, emergency transfer road maps, and contact information of flood control and relief agencies.

3. Families in flood-prone areas should bring their own simple life-saving equipment to help themselves and each other when it is too late to evacuate when the flood comes. In order to save themselves and help each other when it is too late to evacuate when a flood disaster occurs, residents in flood-prone areas should reserve household flood rescue equipment in advance, such as wooden pots and other items that can float on the water, and buy life jackets, emergency flashlights, tents, etc. in advance when necessary.

Baidu encyclopedia-flood

People's Network-What should be prepared before the flood?