A sentence describing an unusual person's eyesight at birth.

When later emperors were born, most of them had some visions, such as storms, meteors, comets and so on. In short, they want to tell the world that this man is different.

More mysterious at that time than later generations. Most nobles, especially emperors, were not handled by their fathers. At least dad is not the main person responsible. Usually the main person in charge includes: the footprints of dragons (including other beasts), the saliva of dragons, the roots, leaves, flowers and fruits of some plants, birds' eggs, some strange dreams, storms, meteors, comets and other astronomical phenomena. This is to tell you that this person is not only different from others, but also his immediate blood relatives.

Liu Bang, Emperor Gaozu of Han Dynasty, said, "Mother tasted the evil of osawa and dreamed of meeting God. When the thunder was dim, my father looked at it and saw the dragon on the ground. I am pregnant and I have a great-grandfather. "

Cao Pi, Emperor Wen of Wei, said: "When the emperor was born, there was a mass of blue air, which was like a car cover. All day, people who look angry think it is the most expensive card, not the anger of a minister. "

Liu Bei, the ruler of ancient Shu, said: "There are mulberry trees on the fence in the southeast corner, which are seen as car covers in the distance. People who come and go all blame this tree for being extraordinary, or call it a noble person." ..... when my ancestors were young, they played under a tree with the children of Zhongzong, and they said,' I must build a car with this feather.' "

Sun Quan, Emperor Wu, said, "There are many strange things on the tomb of Father Sun Jian ... There are colorful clouds and gases, which belong to the sky and stretch for miles. Everybody watch. The father and the old man said, "This is unusual. Sun Shi is very happy!" "

Emperor Wu of Song, The Emperor Gaozu Hanshu, Twenty-one Grandsons in the Suburb of Chu Yuan, also. ..... was born on the night of March in Guihai, the first year of Xingning, the love emperor of Jin Dynasty. It was the night dew that fell on the tomb tree. "

Liu Yilong, Song Taizu, "At the beginning of Jingping, a black dragon saw the west, and five colors of clouds followed. In two years, there was Ziyun in Jiangling City. People who look at the air think that the symbol of the emperor is in the west. Its young emperor was abolished, and it was founded by a hundred officials ... It was collected by Zhen Fu ... and entered the imperial system. "

Xiao Daocheng, Mao Qi, "born in Song Yuanjia four years old, Ding Mao looks different from Britain. The clock is seven feet five inches long and has scales." The old house is in Wujin county. There is a mulberry tree in the south of the house, which is 30 feet high and has four branches. It looks like a crown. "

",taste a dream of holding the sun, pregnant, and gave birth to the emperor. The emperor was born with a different light, with a special appearance, a delicate face, a tiger looking up, a eight-character tongue, a floating neck, a shadowless body, two epiphyses, a protruding neck, and a text saying' Wu' in his right hand. When the emperor was a child, he could walk for nothing. ..... In the living room, it often looks like a cloud, and people or people who meet it are stunned. "

Chen Gaozu said, "When you try to visit Xu Shi, your dreams are several feet high. There are four people wearing Zhu clothes and holding the sun. I feel warm in my stomach. "

Chen Gaozong's Biography of Chen, "... born with a room full of red light. ..... Sometimes the military leader Li has an old relationship with the emperor. Every time we travel together, the emperor is drunk at night and sleeps with the light on. He always finds himself excluded and seeks rebellion. But when he saw that the emperor was a big dragon, he left his room in surprise. "

Tuoba GUI, Emperor of the Northern Wei Dynasty, said: "My mother said that she would present a gift to the queen. At first, she swam in Yun Ze because of her migration. Sleeping in the sunrise room, I saw the light from the sky, and I felt it. ..... Emperor was born in the north of Shenhe River, and the night is bright. "

Yuan Ke, Emperor Xuanwu, from the Northern Wei Dynasty, "Mother called Linda Gao. At first, the dream was chased by the sun and hidden under the bed. The daily chemical is a dragon. It turns several times and is surprised and stretched. "

Gao Huan, the great-grandfather of the Northern Qi Dynasty, said: "Huang candidates are in trees, and the sexual passing rate has nothing to do with family business. Living in the south of Baidao, the number is different from that of red light and purple gas. Neighbors thought it was strange and advised them to move away. The imperial examination ... is at home. ...... (Huan) If you try to take a job, you will be too prosperous, and the cloud will be gloomy, and the thunder will follow. Half a day is necessary. If there is a God, there will be one. ..... I tasted the taste of dreams, strolling among the stars and feeling happy inside. "

Levin, Wen Xuandi, Northern Qi Dynasty, "Empress Wu Ming was pregnant with the emperor at the beginning, and there was a red light room every night, and the Empress Dowager took it personally."

After the Northern Qi Dynasty, Gao Wei said, "My mother cried and dreamed that I was sitting in a jade basin on the sea and getting into my skirt in the sun. I was pregnant."

"Mother is king, Northern Zhou Wendi. The first time I was pregnant in May, the night dream of holding my child in my arms to heaven will not stop. ..... Emperor is born with black spirit, cover his body. ..... There are sunspots on his back, which are like dragons' plates, and his face is purple, which people are afraid of. "

Yu Wenyong, Emperor of the Northern Zhou Dynasty, said, "Mother is angry with the Queen Mother. Wei Datong was born in Tongzhou for nine years and has a lamp room. "

Emperor Wendi Sui Wendi "was born in prajna temple, Fengyi, from Emperor Lushi, with purple eyes. One of them was from Hedong and said to the slave emperor, "This son has never been very different, so you can't get along with ordinary people. "I will leave my great-grandfather in another museum and bow myself. When Cong Di tried to hold Gao Zu, he suddenly saw a horn on his head and scales all over his body. The emperor was frightened and fell to the ground. When he came in from the outside, he said, "I surprised my son. I was late." "Be a dragon chin, there are five pillars on my forehead, my eyes are out, and there is a word that says' King' in my hand.

Li Shimin, Emperor Taizong, said, "When I was born ... there were two dragons playing outside the pavilion, and I left in three days. When Emperor Taizong was in power, Qilin House was the Gaozu House, and he was four years old. Some scholars say that they are very good to each other. They praise Gaozu and say,' You are a noble man, and you have a noble son.' When he met Taizong, he said,' The appearance of dragons and phoenixes is the manifestation of the sky and the sun. At the age of 20, it will definitely help the world and people. Gaozu was afraid of his words, and he would kill them and suddenly lose them. He became famous all over the world for his meaning of "saving the world and saving the people". "

Zhu Wen, Mao, a native of Dangshan County. It's night, and there is red air rising above my house. When people in the village saw it, they all ran over in surprise and said,' The Zhujiajian family is angry!' Speaking of it, it's like a house. My neighbor told me my birthday when I went in, and everyone was different. "

Mao Li Keyong in the later Tang Dynasty said, "I am pregnant in the thirteenth month, and my mother is in danger when I am in labor. The people are worried that the market medicine has been given to Yanmen. When you meet a fairy, tell them,' Witch doctors can rush home beyond their reach, draw troops as far away as possible, be held hostage by armor, beat drums, prance and make a noise, and stay in the ring for three weeks.' If people are taught, they will be born unharmed. At that time, the rainbow candle room was filled with white gas and the well water overflowed. "

After the Tang Dynasty, he lived in Li, "Cao Shi, the mother of Jane. During pregnancy, Cao Hou tasted the dream god, dressed in black, with a fan and surrounded by attendants. On the birthday, purple gas came from the window. "

Shi Jingtang, the great ancestor of the late Jin Dynasty, was born in Fenyang, Taiyuan on February 28th of the first year of Tang Jingfu. People at that time were very different. "

Guo Wei, the ancestor of the Zhou Dynasty, said: "On the eve of the birthday, the red room sounded like a charcoal stove cracking and sparking."

Song Taizu Zhao Kuangyin, "Mother Du Xing. ..... was born in Jiamaying, Luoyang, naked around the room, lingering with strange fragrance. The body is golden and remains unchanged for three days. "

Song Zhenzong Zhao Heng, "In the beginning, ... five stars gathered from revitalization. In the first month of next year, after the dream, I will inherit the sun, I will be pregnant ... I was born in Kaifeng, in the red light hall, and my left foot refers to the word "heaven". "

Song Yingzong Zhao Shu, "At the beginning, Wang Meng fell down with the Japanese and walked with clothes. And Sheng Di, the room is full of red light, or I see Huanglong swimming in the light. "

Zhao Xu, Song Shenzong, "... was born in Pu Palace, a lucky photo room, with rats spitting color into clouds. ..... In the eighth year of Jiayou, Shi Yingzong entered Juqingning Palace and tasted the dream of God. "

Song Zhezong Zhao Xu, "... was born in the palace, the red light district. ..... Feng Li is the Crown Prince. At first, there was always red light in the uterus, even as bright as fire. "

Song Gaozong Zhao Gou, "Hui Zong's ninth son, ... was born in the red light district of Tokyo."

"Zhang ... was born in the Qingbaimen official residence in Xiuzhou, and the room was full of red light, such as the center of the sun."

Zhao Kuo, "Mother called Li, Empress Dowager Cixi ... I fell into the court in my dream and got pregnant."

Song Lizong looked at zhaoyun, "mom all. Born ... The night before, (father) Rong came to visit, and it was not ten minutes in the evening. The room is full of rotten flowers, and red light belongs to the sky, like the middle of the sun. On the third day of birth, the family heard the sound of cars and horses outside and ran out without seeing anything. When you are young, you will suddenly see yourself as weak as Long Lin. "

Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang of the Ming Dynasty, "Mother Chen, I dreamed that God gave me a pill. There was light in the palm of my hand, swallowed it, and there was incense after my mouth. And production, red light filled the room. There is naturally light at night, and the neighbors are shocked when they see it. They think that there is a fire and they are all rushing to save it. There is nothing at all. "

Confucius' vision at birth and its research

As the most influential cultural giant in the history of China, Confucius' life story has attracted the attention of all social strata and spread widely. There have been many legends and myths about the birth of Confucius for thousands of years. Legends such as Jade Book of Kirin, Two Dragons and Five Old Men, and Imperial edict of Tian Jun are included in various versions of the Sacred Objects Map drawn in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Stories such as "Phoenix gives birth to a tiger and eagle returns to the fan" and "drilling a well" are widely circulated in Qufu, Confucius' hometown and surrounding areas, telling all kinds of magical scenes before and after his birth. Are these hallucinations real? What is the cultural connotation behind its wide spread? It is worth discussing and thinking deeply.

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Confucius is a famous person in ancient times, and his life story has attracted much attention. There are many records in Historical Records, Biography of Confucius, Notes on Suicide Notes, Records of Confucius' Ancestral Residence and Quelizhi. What attracts our attention is that the legends before and after Confucius' birth are quite rich, full of visions and mysterious colors. Organized as follows:

First, magical gestation.

Wei and Song both noticed that Yan, the mother of Confucius, was in the grave and dreamed of making friends with him. As the saying goes, "your milk will be in the empty mulberry." If you have feelings, you will have feelings, and you will be born in an empty mulberry. (Quoted from Selected Works, Volume 88) It means that when Confucius' mother was playing in the "Otsuka Pit", she dreamed that Hei Di crossed it and got pregnant. Later, Confucius was born in Kongtong Mountain under the guidance of Hei Di. This book also contains: "The mother of Confucius had the dream of Hei Di, so she was called Xuansheng". (Note to the Biography of Ban Gu in the Later Han Dynasty) Because Confucius was born of Hei Di, he was called "Xuan Sheng", which means black. In addition, the Analects of Confucius records: "Shu and Zheng prayed for Qiushan, born of the essence of the black dragon." ("Book of Rites Tan Gonglve") It is also said that the magical conception of Confucius was born of the spirit of the Black Dragon.

Second, strange birth.

About the birth of Confucius, there is a detailed record in Wang Jia's Collection of Notes in the Eastern Jin Dynasty: "In the twenty-first year of the founding of the People's Republic of China, Confucius was born in the world of Duke Xiang of Lu. At night, two black dragons descended from the sky, came to the annex room, and gave birth to a master because of a dream. There are two goddesses who bathe with fragrant dew in the air. Under the heaven emperor, the music played is listed in the strict room. There is a voice in the air, saying that heaven gives birth to a son, which is different from the secular, so it falls to the sound of cymbals, which is different from the secular. There are five old people, listed in the court, then the five-star essence is also. Before the master was born, Lin vomited a jade book at Queli's home. Moire said, "water sprite's son is the king after his decline." Therefore, the two dragons circled the room and the five stars descended from the court. Wisdom is knowing miracles. Therefore, the embroidered ribbon is the corner of the forest, and the letter will last forever. The elephant said, "Confucius is yin soup, and water is virtue and plain king." This record is the source of legends such as "Jade Letter of Kirin", "Two Dragons and Five Old Men" and "Jade Seal of Tian Jun". Before Confucius was born, there was a vision. A unicorn sent a jade book to someone in Quirrey. Yan Zhizhai is smart and knows that this is a good omen. He tied his horn with a colorful embroidered silk scarf. The next day, Lin died and Confucius was born. The story of "Kirin sending a child" was born. The scene on the night of Confucius' birth was even more bizarre: two black dragons were walking around the room, and two goddesses were bathed in fragrant dew. The Emperor of Heaven ordered Jun Tian's music to be played, and there was a voice in the air, telling Confucius that he was the son of God's touch, so harmony and music were different from the secular. Five other elders (five stars-the essence of Jin Mu's fire, water and earth) came to congratulate Confucius' mother.

Third, God bless your son.

In addition to historical records, there are many stories about the birth of Confucius in Qufu, the hometown of Confucius, and its surrounding areas, which are well known to the general public, such as "Phoenix gives birth to tigers, eagles fly high" and "pulling down wells". The former said: after Confucius was born, his appearance was different from that of ordinary people. Yan saw his ugly face and stayed on the hillside. The newborn Confucius was badly in need of feeding, but a tigress took him to a cave and fed him with her own milk. It was hot and the eagle fanned him with its wings. When people saw it, they all thought that the baby in the cave was the son of the phoenix. The small cave where the tiger fed Confucius at the foot of Mount Nishan was later named Confucius Cave, also known as Hannah Quinlivan Cave. The latter said: after Yan Zhizhai abandoned Confucius, he regretted it and went back to Nishan to get it back. On the way, he was thirsty. He was helpless when he met a well. The well is too deep to reach, he thought to himself, if only the well could be tilted downward, so that my mother and son could quench their fever and quench their thirst. She inadvertently pulled hard, and the well tilted, and the water came out, avoiding the suffering of thirst. Later, people named this well "Bandaojing", and later generations of Confucius called it "Shengjing".

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The birth of Confucius mentioned above can be described as magical and mysterious. Are these facts true? It is worth discussing. First of all, judging from the time and genre of historical materials, Chunqiu, The Analects of Confucius and Tales all belong to Han and Jin Dynasties, among which Chunqiu and Tales belong to strange novels. Throughout the historical materials of the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, they have nothing to say about the birth of Confucius. Therefore, to a certain extent, the emergence of various visions of Confucius' birth is closely related to the social and academic background in the Han and Jin Dynasties, especially the admiration for Confucius, the rejection of Confucianism and the widespread popularity of divination after the Han Dynasty.

In the pre-Qin period, Confucius was a well-known scholar with both ability and political integrity. Although he is also honored as a saint, in the eyes of the world, his image is still a practical mortal. He "remained silent about Machamp's perplexity" without any mystery. By the time of the Western Han Dynasty, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty had "deposed a hundred schools of thought and respected the Six Classics", praised Confucius and raised Confucianism to a lofty position. Under a series of measures, Confucianism gradually moved towards official learning and Confucian classics. With the change of the status of Confucianism, especially under the influence of Dong Zhongshu's theological thought of "the connection between man and nature", the image of Confucius has also undergone important changes. Dong Zhongshu and Han Confucianism praised Confucius as "the king of the plain", that is, the king who has no actual throne. He made laws for Wang Zhidao and South Korea, and his speech has the nature of law, and gradually became a political idol worshipped by the world. At the same time, the study of divination Confucius and Confucian classics has risen widely in society. "Prophecy, paradox is a argot, which predetermines good or ill luck; Weft, a tributary of the classics, extends to Italy. " (Yan Yong, editor. Ban Gu said, "Sages write scriptures and sages learn them." Weft is a clear explanation of classics, which was determined by Confucius. In the divination storm of the Han Dynasty, Confucius became a greatly exaggerated central figure. In a large number of weft books circulating at that time, the holy king was born without a father, such as Fuxi, one of them, who was born with great achievements, Yao, one of the five emperors, who was born with a mother lightning, was born with a mother rainbow, and so on. In order to show that Confucius was born different from ordinary people, he has the symbol of a saint. Therefore, in The Analects of Confucius, there is a record that Zhong Ni was born in Hei Di, and he preached that Confucius himself was born as a god. Not only is his birth mysterious, but Confucius' appearance in Shu Wei is also very strange, which is very different from ordinary people. For example, the book "Filial piety helps the gods" says: "Confucius' Haikou is full of words. "The Spring and Autumn Weaving Cave Map says:" Confucius is ten feet long and nine yards around. Sitting like a dragon, standing like an ox, it is as proud as an ox. " He also has the extraordinary ability to predict the future: "Master Su's case list, knowing Liu Ji's surname and the contemporary Zhou Dynasty, seeing the salaried workers get the forest, knowing that they are out, which one? The firewood in the forest is good, the salary is collected, and the fire is burned. This is also a generation of Zhou. " Confucius in divination was endowed with mysterious and metaphysical alienation in life experience, physical appearance and natural endowment. As Mr. Gu Jiegang said, "(Confucian scholars in the Han Dynasty) they immersed a Confucius who didn't talk about Machamp's chaotic gods in the sauce jar of Machamp's chaotic gods." (Gu Jiegang: Confucius in the Spring and Autumn Period and Confucius in the Han Dynasty) And the reasons for Confucius' various visions can also be seen from the records in Shu Wei. According to the cloud in the Spring and Autumn Period Wei Yan Kong Tu, "Confucius has a letter on his chest saying' Destiny'." Historical Records of Qiu Lan, citing ancient maps and deducing astronomical phenomena, is a catalogue of Han emperors. "Spring and Autumn Feelings" says: "Black Confucius was born in red. "These records are promoting the idea that' saints are not born empty, but must be restrained to show their heavenly heart', indicating that Confucius was born in heaven, with extraordinary ability, shouldering the mission of heaven and legislating for the Han Dynasty. Obviously, the apotheosis of Confucius has another meaning, the essence of which is to serve the apotheosis of politics in the Han Dynasty, which shows the legitimacy of the Han Dynasty and is dictated by heaven. Ceng Yun Zhou Yutong: "Confucius since the Han Dynasty is only a fake Confucius, not a real Confucius. At least, Confucius since the Han Dynasty is just a dead Confucius. With the changes in economic organizations, political phenomena and academic thoughts, he changed into various strange clothes. " (Zhou Yutong: "Confucius and his disciples are divining") This sentence is very insightful and insightful. Confucius in Han Dynasty was a dead Confucius, who was pushed to the altar by Han Confucianism and became a god beyond reality. Therefore, it is not surprising that all kinds of exaggerations about the birth of Confucius are made in the weft books. All kinds of visions are "strange clothes" put on by Confucian scholars in the Han Dynasty, which are arbitrary attached stories and fictional stories with little basis. They are absurd and bizarre and unbelievable. In the Wei and Jin Dynasties, the study of divination declined, but the legacy remained. At this time, witchcraft was rampant, which made the strange novels in this period full of strong fantasy colors and shining with magical aura. Mr. Li Jianfeng once analyzed the legends of Confucius in the Wei and Jin Dynasties, and pointed out that the strange novels in this period were influenced by the traditional Confucianism, metaphysics and superstition in the Han Dynasty, and the image of Confucius maintained the magical aura of the sages' sense of providence and foresight in the Han Dynasty. (Li Jianfeng: The Image of Confucius in Strange Tales of Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Confucius Studies,No. 1, 2008. Based on this understanding, let's look back at the birth of Confucius recorded in Wang Jia's Collected Works. Legends such as "Jade Letter of Kirin", "Two Dragons and Five Old Men" and "Tian Jun Jade Seal" are rich in rhetoric, more legendary and magical, which is undoubtedly inseparable from the academic background at that time, and their contents are naturally unreliable.

?

three

Investigating historical records and folklore, in fact, like various visions before and after Confucius' birth, also happened to other emperors and Chinese and foreign sages.

First of all, the concept of Confucius' mother in Hei Di's dream is exactly the same as Liu Wei, the mother of Emperor Gaozu. Biography of Emperor Gaozu in Historical Records says: "Liu Weichu tasted the evil of osawa and dreamed of meeting God. When the thunder was dim, the squire looked at it and saw the dragon on it. I have a body and I have a great-grandfather. " Both of them were born in dreams, and the intercourse between man and god made Confucius and Liu Bang shrouded in mystery from the beginning. Such stories about the concept of heaven and earth gods are common in the legends of various nationalities at home and abroad. For example, Yu's mother swallowed coix seed and gave birth to Dayu, Shang's mother swallowed swallow eggs and was born, and Zhou's mother Hou Ji was pregnant in the footsteps of giants. Jesus in Christianity was born of the Holy Spirit, and Sakyamuni in Buddhism was conceived by Mrs. Moyer in a night dream with six teeth and white elephants, and so on. It can be said that "the life of a saint does not lie in popularity, but in being more proficient in heaven" (Lun Heng Qi).

Also, before and after the birth of Confucius, there were many unusual signs, such as "Jade Letter of Kirin", "Two Dragons and Five Old Men" and "Imperial edict of Tian Jun", which can be seen everywhere in ancient history books and even in official history. For example, Empress Bo gave birth to Emperor Wen of Chinese, and the Empress Dowager gave birth to Emperor Wu (consort of historical records). "Guangwu was born in Jiyang Palace, Phoenix was born in the ground, and Jiahe was born in the house" (Lun Heng Qi); Song Gaozu Wu was "born in Guihai in March of the first year of Xingning, and the gods were bright, and the evening dew fell on the tomb tree" ("The Biography of Heather and Song Dynasty"); Song Taizu was born in Jiamaying, Luoyang. He was naked in the room, and the strange smell lingered. Body gold, three days unchanged "("Turquoise maoji "); Ming Taizu "Mother Chen, Fang Shen, dreamed that God gave me a pill, and there was light in her palm. Swallow it and leave a fragrance in her mouth. And production, red light filled the room. There is naturally light at night. When the neighbors saw it, they were surprised to think that it was on fire and needed to be rescued quickly, but there was nothing at all. Than long, handsome and outstanding, strange bone penetration ("Ming history, Taizu Biography"). When the emperor was born, there were different images, or the gods shone indoors, or the strange incense filled the room, or the dragons traveled around, and all kinds of strange and heretical theories were circulated in the history books. As Wang Chong said, "An emperor's life must be weird. If you can't see things, it will serve your dreams. " Interestingly, this is true not only in ancient China, but also in foreign countries. According to the birth scene of the founder of Buddhism, Sakyamuni, recorded in the Tibetan Scripture in Dunhuang, "Mrs. Moyev, the queen of Surabaya in Gakunluo, gave birth to a prince (namely Sakyamuni) under the worry-free tree in the backyard, and the birth of the prince shocked all directions. There are flying flowers playing music for him in the sky, and nine dragons spit water to bathe the prince. " Confucius and Sakyamuni, the ancestor of Confucianism and Buddhism, were born in similar scenes, with dragons and music, all related to bathing and full of mystery.

In addition, the folktales of Confucius, such as "Phoenix gives birth to tigers, keeps eagles and fans" and "pulls down a well", are obvious, and such stories are common at home and abroad. For example, the most famous abandoned child in China, Zhou Qizi, is Hou Ji. "(Jiangyuan) was born during his stay, thinking that it was ominous, abandoning the lane and leaving, and neither cattle nor horses practiced; If there are many people in the forest, move it; And abandon the canal ice, birds recommend it with wings. Jiang thought God, so he adopted Chang Zhi. At the beginning, I wanted to abandon it because of my name "("Historical Records Zhou Benji "). After he was abandoned, he was protected by horses, cows, birds and other animals. There are many such stories in foreign myths. For example, Zeus, the god of gods, sun and thunder, is the youngest son of kronos, the king of Titan protoss. He predicted that he would kill his father and stand on his own feet, and was abandoned in the valley by kronos. Amalthea the goat took care of him, so Zeus and his statues often "put on sheep's clothing". (History written by Herodotus, translated by Wang Jiajuan) Another example is that the founders of ancient Rome, romulus and Lemo, were abandoned in the Tiber River and drifted to the seaside to be breastfed by the mother wolf, becoming famous "wolf children". These stories are strikingly similar, that is, sages are born with many hardships, but they are cared for by all souls.

There are many versions of the story of "turning the well" in the back, which appear repeatedly among heroes of different times. For example, the dumping well in Huludao, Liaoning Province is said to have been dumped by Li Xue and Tang Wangdong in the early Tang Dynasty. According to legend, when Song Taizu and Zhao Kuangyin fought in Gaoqing, the collapsed well in Zibo, Shandong Province collapsed. The collapsed well in Tangshan, Hebei Province is said to have been knocked down by the famous anti-Japanese Qi Jiguang when he was building Guanxiu City. These stories are closely related to the natural scenery of various places. Although there are many overlaps and similarities, they have been circulating in many places for a long time. The dumping well of Nishan was used on Confucius' mother to render the blessing of heaven to Confucius.

For example, lift, etc. We can't help but find that many stories of sages, emperors and heroes are similar. They are either reincarnated by God, or born with pregnancy, or born with good omen, or survived after being abandoned, all of which exude a strong mythical atmosphere, both at home and abroad. These similar legends can't help but make people think. On the one hand, they reflect the universality of such stories in Chinese and foreign history. On the other hand, their credibility is self-evident. The reason is the concept of saint worship in Chinese and foreign history. As Mr. Jiang said: "The ancients did not have wisdom, thinking that the king of entrepreneurship and the saint of Excellence were born in heaven and would be different from ordinary people." (Textual Research on the Deeds of Confucius, edited by Jiang and Jiang Hong) Even Historical Records, which has always been famous for its faithful history, failed to adopt the legends of ancestors, such as the previous examples, which recorded the magical visions of the birth of many emperors and sages and rendered them unusual. Mr. Gu Jiegang pointed out that there is a very common way to imagine the deeds of sages in the minds of folk customs. (Gu Hong, Editor-in-Chief: Gu Jiegang's Essays on Academic Culture) Undoubtedly, all kinds of records and rumors about Confucius' birth ideas have adopted the common mode of deifying heroes and sages, reflecting the world's admiration for Confucius, a cultural giant. However, after all, stories and legends can not replace historical facts, but can only be circulated as anecdotes and cannot be trusted.

To sum up, the legends about the visions before and after Confucius' birth are all magical and grotesque, which is not credible. They came into being in the process of worshipping Confucius and were closely related to divination superstition in Han and Jin Dynasties. Undeniably, the records of various visions of Confucius' birth and the widespread spread of various legends have also accumulated China's ancient cultural concept of worshipping saints, which is the product of people deifying their saints and heroes according to folk customs.