Knowledge points of roads and bridges

Luqiao, located in the middle of Zhejiang coast and China Gold Coast. The territory borders the East China Sea in the east, Wenling in the south, Huangyan in the west and Jiaojiang in the north. The land is 33.3km long from east to west and 18.8km wide from north to south, between 28' 27 and -28' 38 north latitude and 12 1' 13 and-12/'east longitude. The inland area is 274 square kilometers, and the urban area is 29.25 square kilometers. It governs 4 towns and 6 streets, with a total population of 4 1.3 million. The whole region is surrounded by mountains and seas, with hills and plains alternating; Rivers are vertical and horizontal, water networks are dense, and islands are dotted; Shallow beaches are vast, covering an area of 2 1.33 square kilometers.

Luqiao Qin (AD 222) belonged to Huiji. After Jianwu was established in the Eastern Han Dynasty (25-36 years), it belonged to Zhang 'an County (later changed to Linhai County), Yongning County was separated from Linhai in the second year of Shangyuan in Tang Gaozong (675 years), and Luqiao belonged to Yongning County. In the first year after the Tang Dynasty (690), Yongning was changed to Huangyan, and the road and bridge belonged to Huangyan County, which was followed by generations. 1994, with the approval of the State Council, Taizhou was established as a city, and Luqiao became a prefecture-level city jurisdiction from Huangyan, and the urban area was one of Taizhou's urban areas.

Luqiao is located in the middle of Huangwen Plain, the most densely populated area in Taizhou, and has always been a developed commercial and trade area. Merchants and vehicles gathered in the Song Dynasty. At present, Luqiao has become the commercial center of Taizhou and southeastern Zhejiang, with China Commodity Mall as the leader, small commodity wholesale market, southeastern Zhejiang non-staple food market, China Architectural Decoration City, Luqiao Electromechanical Hardware City, Taizhou Electronic Digital City, Furniture City, Zhejiang Fanglin Automobile City and Fuji Plaza as the backbone, covering the whole country and reaching the border.

Luqiao is also one of the important birthplaces of China's stock cooperative economy. There are 34,500 private enterprises in the whole region, forming an industrial system of four leading industries, including motorcycles and accessories, molds and plastic products, air conditioning and refrigeration accessories, agricultural machinery, holiday lighting, wires and cables, hardware and electrical machinery, printing and bathroom. Synchronous development.

The "Shili Long Street" of Luqiao was built in the Southern Song Dynasty. This street is built along the river and is suitable for the circulation of goods. It has the charm of Jiangnan water town and commercial city, and is a symbol of road and bridge. Shibin Park at the foot of Darenjian Mountain, Chanbo Temple in Song Dynasty and Xiangyan Temple in Tang Dynasty are all tourist attractions of Luqiao. The loquat sightseeing garden built by Tongyu, the hometown of loquat in China, is a good place for pastoral sightseeing. The yellow waves along the coast are also a good place to watch the tide.

Luqiao is one of the main urban areas of Taizhou, which is located in the middle of China golden coastline and in the abdomen of Huangwen Plain. The region covers a land area of 274 square kilometers, governs 4 towns and 6 streets, and has a total population of 429,300.

The history of Luqiao can be traced back to the Western Zhou Dynasty 3000 years ago. In the Southern Song Dynasty, the commercial style of roads and bridges gradually flourished, and department stores gathered; During the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, it became a famous commercial port along the southeast coast of Zhejiang. 1On August 22nd, 994, the State Council approved Taizhou to withdraw its land and set up a city to build luqiao district.

The market economy has been tempered by wind and rain, and has shaped the road and bridge economy with its own characteristics. That is, the market is prosperous, the private economy is rich in private capital and the people are eager for progress. In 2008, the GDP of the whole region reached 2703 1 100 million yuan, up 65.438+00.2% year-on-year, and the per capita GDP was 610.9 million yuan. The total fiscal revenue was 32,765.438 billion yuan, of which the local fiscal revenue was155.4 million yuan, increasing by 17.8% and 16.7% respectively. Investment in fixed assets of the whole society1010.40 billion yuan, up10.9% year-on-year; At the end of the year, the balance of deposits and loans of financial institutions was 39.95 billion yuan and 33.28 billion yuan respectively, and that of loan-to-deposit ratio was 83.3%. Total retail sales of social consumer goods12.766 billion yuan, up18.5% year-on-year; The comprehensive energy consumption reduction rate of ten thousand yuan output value is 1 1.4%, and the chemical oxygen demand and sulfur dioxide emissions are reduced by 3.8% and 3.6% respectively. The per capita disposable income of urban residents was 29 13 1 yuan, and the per capita net income of farmers was 1 1776 yuan, increasing by 8% and 9. 1% respectively. The registered urban unemployment rate is 3.6%, and the natural population growth rate is 5.48‰.

Luqiao is located in the central coast of Zhejiang, in the middle of China Gold Coast; The territory borders the East China Sea in the east, Wenling in the south, Huangyan in the west and Jiaojiang in the north. The longest land is 33.3 kilometers long from east to west and 18.8 kilometers long from north to south. 28 27' ~ 28 38' north latitude and1213' ~12140' east longitude; The inland area is 274 square kilometers. The whole area is surrounded by mountains and seas, with low mountains and plains alternating; The rivers are vertical and horizontal, the water network is dense, and the Jinqing water system runs through the whole territory. The coastline is tortuous, with a total length of 26 kilometers; There are many harbors, and Jianmen Port is a natural deep-water port. Yellow Reef, Baiguo Mountain, Daoguan and other islands 15. Shallow beaches are vast, covering an area of 2 1.33 square kilometers. Tourism resources are not only mountains and seas, but also many scenic spots. With fertile soil and rich products, China is a famous hometown of citrus and loquat. The terrain is mainly plain, which is the middle of the Huangwen Plain, with an average elevation of about 3 meters. The river network is densely covered with isolated hills. The plain land is fertile and the irrigation and drainage conditions are superior. This is a high grain and cotton producing area. Coastal beaches and inland waters have great potential for developing seawater and freshwater aquaculture. The northwest border is a coastal hilly area with low terrain and rich subtropical fruits.

Luqiao is located in the middle of Huangwen Plain, with mountains facing the sea and hills and plains alternating.

Hydrological characteristics of rivers: abundant water, little change in water level, and some downstream sections are affected by tides. All rivers belong to the Jinqing River system, with a total area of 1 172.6 square kilometers (including parts of Wenling, Huangyan and Jiaojiang). The water source comes from Huangyan Changtan Reservoir and Taihu Mountain at the junction of Wenzhou and the Yellow Sea. Rivers crisscross, and there are mainly Nanguan River, Shanshui Well, Qinglongpu, Xinqiao Shop, Sancai Well, Yihe River, Sanjiang River and Qihe River in the area. Most of the water enters the sea through the Jinqin sluice at the south exit of Huanglang, and a small amount is injected into Jiaojiang River or directly into Taizhou Bay.

The climate has obvious subtropical monsoon climate characteristics, with long winter and summer, short spring and autumn, four distinct seasons, abundant rain and suitable lighting. The lowest month of the year is 65438+ 10 month, with an average temperature of 6.6℃, and the highest month is August, with an average temperature of 27.7℃, an annual average temperature of 16.9 ~ 17.3℃, and a frost-free period of 24 1 ~ 270 days. Spring and autumn each account for more than 2 months, summer for more than 4 months, and winter for about 3 months.

Affected by the maritime monsoon, there is abundant precipitation in this area, with an annual average precipitation of L480 ~ L530mm, which decreases from the southeast coast to the west. The precipitation changes greatly during the year, and the seasonal distribution of precipitation is uneven. The precipitation in three rainy seasons (spring rain in March-April, plum rain in May-June and typhoon rain in August-September) accounts for more than 60% of the annual precipitation.

The climate is warm, suitable for the growth of various crops and fruit trees, and conducive to the development of multi-cropping agriculture; Light, heat and water are well coordinated, which can meet the needs of crops for water and heat. Disastrous weather mainly includes typhoon, rainstorm, flood, cold wave and hail.

Luqiao district twists and turns along the coastline, with a total length of 26 kilometers. There are many harbors, and Jianmen Port is a natural deep-water port. Yellow Reef, Baiguo Mountain, Daoguan and other islands 15. Shallow beaches are vast, covering an area of 2 1.33 square kilometers. Tourism resources are not only mountains and seas, but also many scenic spots. With fertile soil and rich products, China is a famous hometown of citrus and loquat.

Luqiao was called Lingshan Township in ancient times. After Liu Xiu, the founding emperor of the Eastern Han Dynasty, unified China, he began to develop Jiangnan, calling it "Xin 'an".

In the early years of Southern Song Dynasty, Gao Song's Zhao Gou was chased by Jin Bing and fled to Hainan by boat. According to "Taizhou Waishu Wen Yi": "Zhang 'an Town is uninhabitable", it is suggested that during the first half of the first month of the fourth year (1 130), it was mostly active in the areas of Jiaohuang and Lulu in the south of the Yangtze River. Legend has it that it happened to be raining cats and dogs at that time, and when we arrived at Mapu section, the horse we rode was exhausted and fell to the ground (hence the name Mapu here, which was later changed to Mapu). Zhao Gou was so anxious that he was led by a local old man who built many temporary bridges before he could go out. Zhao Gou asked about the place names here. Local officials immediately seized the opportunity and said, "Please give the emperor a name!" Zhao thought for a while and said, "The road here is the bridge, and the bridge is the road. Let's call it' Luqiao'. " In this way, the name of "Luqiao" spread. Xin 'an Bridge, which Zhao Gou walked through, has also become the life core memorial bridge of "Road and Bridge".

The history of luqiao district can be traced back to more than 3000 years ago. 1990, 78 pieces of cultural relics from the Western Zhou Dynasty were found when the pavilion was built in the road and bridge, which proved that people lived near the road and bridge in the Western Zhou Dynasty.

Before the Qin Dynasty, the road and bridge belonged to Ouyue. At the end of the Warring States period, the more the State of Chu merged, the more it belonged to. In the 25th year of Qin Shihuang (222 BC), Huiji County was established in the former wuyue area, with roads and bridges in it. In the early Han Dynasty, the East China Sea, East Vietnam and other kingdoms were established one after another. In the first year of Emperor Yuanfeng of the Han Dynasty (l 10 BC), except Dongyue, the immigrants moved between the Yangtze River and the Huaihe River, and their land was in Yinxian County, Huiji County and returned to Puxiang. In the second year of the Western Han Dynasty (85 BC), Hewlett-Packard County was located in Hewlett-Packard Township, Yinxian County. Hewlett-Packard County ruled (now Zhang 'an) and belonged to Huiji County and Yangzhou. Its jurisdiction is roughly equivalent to that of Taiwan Province, Wenzhou and Chu in later generations. It is the beginning of Taizhou County. During the Jianwu period of the Eastern Han Dynasty (25 ~ 36 years), Hewlett-Packard County was renamed Zhang 'an County. Since then, Luqiao has been in Zhang Anzhi for more than 500 years.

In the ninth year of Emperor Kai of Sui Dynasty (589), the Southern Dynasties were destroyed, and the counties of Linhai County (including Zhang 'an County) were placed under Linhai County and under the state. In the third year of Daye (607), the state was changed into a county, and Linhai County belonged to Yongjia County. At the beginning of Tang dynasty, it was analyzed that Linhai County of Yongjia County was in Taizhou, the name of Taizhou. In the second year of Shangyuan in Tang Gaozong (675), Yongning County was located in the south of Linhai County, and Luqiao belonged to Yongning County. In September of the first year of Emperor Wu of the Tang Dynasty (690), Yongning County was changed to Huangyan County, which was named after Huangyan Mountain in the west of the county. The county government moved from Zhang 'an to the northwest of Yongning Mountain, and the county territory included the third district of Huangjiao Road and Wenling City. During the Five Dynasties, Luqiao belonged to Huangyan County, Taizhou, and Wu Yueguo. Song Taiping rejuvenating the country for three years (978), except wuyue, Taizhou entered the territory of the Song Dynasty, and the counties remained unchanged, which was classified as Zhejiang Road.

In the 14th year of Yuan Shizu to Yuan Dynasty (1277), Taizhou Road was established, and Zhejiang East Road was assigned to Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces. In the Yuan Dynasty (1295), there were 50,000 households in Huangyan County, which was promoted to Huangyan Prefecture and still transferred to Taizhou Road. In the first year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1368), Zhu Yuanzhang changed Taizhou Road to Taizhou Prefecture and placed it under Zhejiang Province. In the third year of Hongwu (1370), Huangyan Prefecture was restored to Huangyan County. In December of the fifth year of Chenghua (l469), Fangyan, Taiping and Fanchang in the south of Huangyan County were analyzed, which were located in Taiping County, now Wenling City. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Huangyan County still belonged to Taizhou Prefecture and was placed under Ningshaotai Road in Zhejiang Province.

In the first year of the Republic of China (19 12), the government-state agency system was abolished and all counties were directly under the provincial capital. In the third year of the Republic of China (19 14), there were provincial roads, and Huangyan County belonged to Huiji Road. The Republic of China 16 (1927), the provincial government of Daofei County. In August of the 24th year of the Republic of China (1935), the government of Zhejiang Province established the Linhai Administrative Supervision Zone, which was called the Seventh Administrative Supervision Zone in history.

1April, 949, Huangliao County People's Government was established to administer Luqiao Town. In June, the Huangyan County People's Government was established, which belongs to Taizhou area. 1June, 954, Taizhou District was revoked and Huangyan County belonged to Wenzhou District. 1July, 957, Taizhou was restored and Huangyan was returned to Taizhou. 1958 65438+ February. Taizhou area was revoked again, and Huangyan County was placed under Wenzhou area. 1April, 962, Taizhou area was restored. 1978 10 month, renamed Taizhou area. 1In July, 980, Haimen Special Zone was established in Haimen District of Huangyan County and its surrounding areas. 1981July, Haimen special zone was abolished and Jiaojiang city was established as its administrative region. 1989 10 revoked huangyan county and established huangyan city. Luqiao still belongs to Huangyan City.

1August, 1994, with the approval of the State Council, Taizhou was removed from the city to set up a city, Huangyan and Jiaojiang were removed from the city to set up districts, and Luqiao was also upgraded to a county-level district.

What are the humanistic or cultural characteristics of roads and bridges? That is "Shili Street Culture", or "Yuehe Culture". Because Yuehe raised Shili Street, Shili Street raised Luqiao people. Yuehe is the mother river, and Shili Street is Fumin Street. The cultural characteristics of Luqiao are: the full integration of humanities and commerce, forming its own local characteristics. In addition, Yang Chen's poem "Ten Mile Street Divides into Five Bridges", Yang Shaohan's poem "Songtang Memorial to Tangqiao Crab" and "Splashing Yellow Croaker Half a Foot Long, Like a Flying Bridge Boat" fully express the pride of hometown, which is a prominent manifestation of the past Luqiao culture.

There are poems praising the old ten-mile long street;

Shilichang Street used to look like a dragon with mountains and rivers.

Postal kiosks preach Han orders, and Miaozhi Temple rings song bells.

Tell me about Yuexiang's new customers and the old farmland farmers in Branbridge.

Six counties in Taizhou are prosperous, and roads and bridges are the first.

As early as the Han dynasty, the porcelain-making technology of Luqiao was widely known. Since the establishment of the town in the Song Dynasty, talents have come forth in large numbers, and the business style has gradually flourished. In the Ming and Qing dynasties, it was unprecedented and became a famous commercial port in southeastern Zhejiang. The reform and opening up has made the ancient commercial port full of vitality, and the secondary and tertiary industries have developed rapidly. There are 77 specialized markets in the whole region, which are beneficial to all aspects of production and life. Commodities spread to more than 20 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions in China, and the turnover 1999 reached192.3 million yuan.

Since the establishment of the zone, the road and bridge economy has developed at a faster speed and become a rich and strong economic zone. In 2007, the GDP of the whole region reached 23.753 billion yuan, up by 14.3% year-on-year, and the per capita GDP was 55 1 14 yuan. The total fiscal revenue was 2.777 billion yuan, of which local fiscal revenue 1.33 1 billion yuan increased by 24.8% and 27.4% respectively. The per capita disposable income of urban residents was 26,973 yuan, and the per capita net income of farmers was 10795 yuan, increasing by 7.3% and 15.3% respectively. Comprehensive economic strength ranks in the forefront of Zhejiang Province. Luqiao, a new modern commercial city, is rising rapidly. Road and bridge, this hot land, will bring you unlimited business opportunities. Luqiao district is located in the southeast of Zhejiang Province. It has a total area of 274 square kilometers and a total population of 420,000 (2004).

Guanlin Village, Lubei Street, District People's Government, zip code: 3 18050. Code: 33 1004. Area code: 0576. Pinyin: Luqiao Qu.

Luqiao district governs 6 streets and 4 towns: Lunan Street, Luqiao Street, Lubei Street, Luoyang Street, Tongyu Street and Fengjiang Street; Xinqiao town, Hengjie Town, Jinqing Town and Pengjie Town.

1On August 22nd, 994, the State Council approved the withdrawal of land from Taizhou to set up a city. Set up Jiaojiang, Huangyan and luqiao district. Luqiao district has jurisdiction over 8 towns of Luqiao, Tongyu, Fengjiang, Xinqiao, Hengjie, Xia Liang, Jinqing and Pengjie in Huangyan City, and 2 townships of Luo Yang and Huanglang. District People's Government sells George Road in Luqiao Town.

In 2000, luqiao district administered 4 streets, 7 towns and/kloc-0 townships. According to the data of the fifth census, the total population of the whole region is 464,997, of which the population of each township (people): Luqiao Street 76563 Road South Street 40686 Road North Street 34802 Luoyang Street 2 1846 Tongyu Town 30983 Fengjiang Town 541Kloc-0/Hengjie Town xinqiao town 28022.

On June 28th, 20001year, Zhejiang government letter [200 1]12 approved the cancellation of Huanglang Township, luqiao district City, Taizhou City, and expanded the administrative area of Jinqing Town: Huanglang Township, luqiao district City, Taizhou City was cancelled and merged into Jinqing Town, with jurisdiction over 35 villages and 7 neighborhood committees, and the resident remained unchanged.

In 2002, luqiao district administered 6 streets, 4 towns, 46 residential areas and 287 administrative villages: Lunan Street, Luqiao Street, Lubei Street, Luoyang Street, Fengjiang Street, Tongyu Street, xinqiao town, Hengjie Town, Jinqing Town and Pengjie Town.

It is planned to build Taizhou South Passenger Transport Station, four urban service stations, Jinqing 100-ton, 200-ton wharf, inland river Ma Shang wharf, newly-built 1000-ton oil wharf and supporting facilities at Jianmen Port in Huanglang on 1997.

Breakthrough progress has been made in land and water transportation capacity. The number of civilian cars in the whole region has reached 13 175, with an annual growth rate of nearly 30%, including 2,626 buses and 7,387 trucks. There are 65 highway passenger lines, with 9.8 million passengers per year in 200/kloc-0 and a passenger turnover of 629.94 million person-kilometers. After the reform, the intermodal consignment industry, which implements the one-point-one-line business model, has developed steadily, with a total of 138 stations covering major provinces and cities in China except Tibet and Qinghai. The total water transport capacity is 49,000 dwt, the freight capacity of a single ship is 5,200 tons, and there are 43 coastal ships. 200 1 year, waterway freight volume 1 17.06 tons, and cargo turnover of 862,944.438+0,000 tons/km.

At the same time, the level of transport services has been further improved, transport vehicles have developed in the direction of high-grade, fast and comfortable, and transport ships have developed in the direction of large-scale, multi-variety and specialization. The development of highway, port and shipping facilities, vehicle and boat transportation capacity and the improvement of technical composition have improved the passenger and cargo transportation capacity and service level of highway and waterway, and enhanced market competitiveness.