Send points: China four great basin, what are the four great lakes, and where are they?

Sichuan basin, Tarim basin, Turpan basin and Junggar basin.

Sichuan Basin is surrounded by connected mountains, covering an area of about 6.5438+0.6 million square kilometers. Sichuan Basin is the home of most people in Sichuan and Chongqing. It is one of the most densely populated areas in China and even the world, and it is also the cradle of Bashu culture.

Sichuan Basin is surrounded by mountains, with Wushan in the east, Dalou Mountain and Daliangshan in the south, Qionglai Mountain and Minshan in the west, Daba Mountain and Micang Mountain in the north.

Geographically, Sichuan Basin is almost completely closed. In terms of drainage system, Sichuan's water flows from Wuxia of the Yangtze River, which is the only drainage channel in Sichuan.

Zhuge Liang, the prime minister of Shu, once praised it as "fertile soil for thousands of miles".

Tarim Basin, located in Xinjiang, northwest of China, is the largest inland basin in China. The basin is located between Tianshan Mountain, Kunlun Mountain and Altun Mountain. East-west length 1500 kilometers, north-south width of 600 kilometers, covering an area of 530,000 square kilometers. The altitude is between 800- 1, 300 meters, and the terrain is high in the west and low in the east. In the middle of the basin is the famous Taklimakan desert, with foothills, Gobi and oases (alluvial plains) on its edges.

Qaidam Basin is located in the northwest of Qinghai Province, between Altun Mountain, Qilian Mountain and Kunlun Mountain. It is about 800 kilometers long from east to west and 350 kilometers wide from north to south, covering an area of about 200,000 square kilometers. The terrain gently slopes from northwest to southeast, with an altitude of 2600 to 3000 meters. It is the highest inland basin in China. The Qaidam Basin has high altitude, few clouds, long sunshine time, drought and little rain all the year round, and frequent wind. The windy weather in Chaka area exceeds 180 days at most in a year, and the wind energy is very rich. The basin is flat, with sufficient surface water and groundwater available, and the temperature difference between day and night is large, which is beneficial to the accumulation of crop nutrients, so the crop yield there is high.

Junggar Basin, located in the north of Xinjiang, is the second largest inland basin in China. It is triangular between Tianshan Mountain, Altai Mountain and some mountains in the west, with a length of about 1 100 km from east to west, 800 km from north to south, and an area of 380,000 square kilometers. The topography of the basin is high in the east and low in the west, with an altitude of 500 ~ 1000 meters. The middle is grassland and desert, and the edge is foothills and oases. The mountains in the west of Junggar Basin are parallel to Altai Mountain, and the Atlantic warm and humid air flow can enter the basin from the valley, so the precipitation is slightly higher than that in Tarim Basin, and the desert vegetation in the basin is better.

Turpan basin is located between Bogda Mountain and Jueluota Mountain in the southeast of Tianshan Mountain. It is about 245 kilometers long from east to west, 75 kilometers wide from north to south and covers an area of 50,000 square kilometers. The altitude is-155m, which is the lowest point in Chinese mainland. Due to the towering mountains around Turpan basin, the temperature in the basin rises rapidly and the heat dissipation is slow, which leads to a high temperature and dry climate in summer. Its evaporation is hundreds or even hundreds of times of rainfall, and it is extremely hot in summer, with the highest temperature reaching 49.6℃. There are abundant groundwater resources in the northern part of the basin. In order to reduce the evaporation of water, the local people built a famous "karez" to draw groundwater out of the ground and water crops. Turpan basin has a long sunshine time and a large temperature difference between day and night. The melons and fruits produced there are very sweet and deeply loved by people. The most famous are cantaloupe and grapes. In addition, there are considerable oil and gas resources in the basin.

Taihu Lake:

Southern Jiangsu Province, adjacent to Zhejiang Province, is the third largest freshwater lake in China, with an altitude of 3.33 meters, the deepest point of 4 8 meters and an area of 2,338 square kilometers. Taihu Lake was called Zhenze and Tuju in ancient times, also known as Lize and Wuhu. It was formed by blocking the ancient bay with silt weirs in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River and Qiantang River. Taihu Lake finally empties into the Yangtze River. There are 48 islands in the lake, together with the peaks and peninsulas along the lake, which are collectively called "72 peaks". Dongshan, Xishan, Majishan, Sanshan and Jingtou in Dongting are the most famous, forming a magnificent natural picture with mountains outside the mountains and lakes in the lake, which is continuous and overlapping. Along the lake, there are famous Wuxi landscapes, Suzhou gardens, ancient Wu monuments and Yixing cave world, forming a world-famous Taihu Lake scenic spot. It is a national key scenic spot.

Poyang Lake:

Located on the south bank of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River between Jiujiang and Nanchang in the north of Jiangxi Province, it is170km long from north to south, 70km wide from east to west, 600km long in lakeshore line and 3,583km2 in lake area. The elevation of the lake is 2 1 m, the average water depth is 7 meters, the deepest point is about 16 meters, and the water storage capacity is about 25 cubic kilometers. Poyang Lake is the largest freshwater lake in China. Poyang Lake receives water from five rivers: Jiangxi, Fuzhou, Guangxi, Rao and Xiushan, and is connected with the Yangtze River, the largest river in China. Its annual inflow into the Yangtze River exceeds the sum of the Yellow River, Huaihe River and Haihe River. The surface of Poyang Lake in Jiujiang is about 200,000 hectares. With the change of water quantity, Poyang Lake fluctuates greatly, which has the functions of natural regulation of water quantity and flood storage and detention. There are six counties (districts) in the basin, namely Duchang, Hukou, Xing Zi, Yongxiu, De 'an and Lushan, which are a pearl in northern Jiangxi.

Dongting Lake

China's second largest freshwater lake. Located in the north of Hunan Province, on the south bank of Jingjiang River, across Hunan and Hubei provinces, it is a faulted lake. The lake is 33.5 meters above sea level and covers an area of 2,740 square kilometers. Water storage capacity 178 billion cubic meters. It connects Hunan, Zi, Yuan and Li in the south, and branches to Songzi, Taiping, Dani and Diaoxian in the north of the Yangtze River (the latter was blocked and cut off in 1958). The lake discharges into the Yangtze River from Chenglingji, Yueyang. The average runoff of Hukou for many years is 346.9 billion cubic meters. Dongting Lake is the most important catchment and flood storage basin in the Yangtze River basin, which plays a great role in flood control, reducing the flood peak flow by about 30%, such as 1954. The maximum flow into the lake is 69,000 cubic meters (July 3 1), and the maximum flow out of the lake is only 42,000 cubic meters (August 2), which reduces the flood impact on the Yangtze River in flood season. Dongting Lake was originally named "Eight Hundred Li Dongting Lake", but due to the long-term sedimentation of a large amount of sediment carried by four rivers and four mouths, and artificial reclamation, the lake surface became narrower and shallower. 1949, the lake area was still 4,360 square kilometers, but now the lake area is reduced by more than 1/3, and it is divided into East Dongting Lake, South Dongting Lake and West Dongting Lake by newly rising land, of which East Dongting Lake has the largest area of 109 1 square kilometer. At present, the sediment brought into the lake with the current reaches 65.438+0.28 billion cubic meters every year. The area is shrinking year by year, and the storage function is gradually decreasing.

Hongze Lake

Located in the west of Hongze County, Jiangsu Province, it was developed on the alluvial plain in the middle reaches of Huaihe River. It used to be a depression with poor drainage, but later the accumulated water became many small lakes. During the Qin and Han Dynasties in China, they were called "Fuling" lakes. Among them, Hongze Lake is the largest, covering an area of 2,069 square kilometers, and it is the fourth largest freshwater lake among the five largest freshwater lakes in China.