Detailed data collection in San Emilion district

The San Emilion district benefits from its superior location on the pilgrimage route of Santiago de Compostela. A large number of churches, monasteries and inns have been established since 1 1 century ago. During the British rule in 12 century, its special status as a jurisdiction was recognized. Grape cultivation techniques were first introduced into this fertile land of aquitaine by the Romans and were strengthened in the Middle Ages. The pure and authentic grape planting landscape in this area is very special, and there are many beautiful historical sites in towns and villages.

Chinese name: mbth, Saint-Emilion District: Saint-Emilion's judicial country: French mainland: European ratification time: 1999 Historical overview, historical brief introduction, origin of pilgrimage, pilgrimage journey, significance and influence of Saint-Emilion District church, local characteristics, Saint-Emilion District, protection measures, historical overview approval criteria: 1999 According to No: 565-026 654339 is listed on the World Heritage List. It is inevitable that the Saint Emilion District of Bordeaux (a port city in southwest France) will be listed on the World Heritage List by UNESCO. Since Roman times, this region has been producing high-quality wine, which has a history of about 2000 years. At that time, this area was known as aquitaine. In the Middle Ages, San Emilion was a stop on the pilgrimage route from northern Europe to Spain, and Santiago de Compostela was the most desirable pilgrimage site for Christians at that time. With the local people building pubs, inns and other facilities for foreign pilgrims, the reputation of good wine in this area has gradually increased. The British, in particular, will bring wine anyway. 1855, the French decided to use the first-class classification system to classify wines, and the wines in Saint Emilion were listed as the highest-class wines. This classification system was originally used in Mekdo wine (a red wine produced in France) region, and later spread to the neighboring Saint Emilion region. Today, the wines from the Castle of Osone and the Castle of Brown in Cervar are also listed as the first-class wine producing areas of Saint Emilion, followed by the wines from the Castles of Ray, Cannon and Figyak in varela. The reputation of wine, coupled with the vineyards preserved for a long time in this area, promoted the final entry of Saint Emilion into the World Heritage List. A brief introduction to the history of San Emilion District In 7 1 1 AD, a Muslim army from North Africa landed on the Spanish coast near Gibraltar. The Spanish kingdom of visigoths began to decline, and within seven years, the whole peninsula was under the rule of these well-trained, brave and skillful invaders. In the following eight centuries, which spanned the whole Middle Ages, the history of Spain was dominated by two opposing sects and cultural forces, Islam and Christianity. The relationship between them is difficult to get along with, but it is not always at odds. St James became a symbol of the Christian army's reconquest of Spain. It is very important to understand his mythical role in this struggle to understand medieval Spain. He is called San Diego (St James, the butcher of the Moors) and has always been said to be a warrior wearing a sword and riding a white horse. Coincidentally, a discovery in the 9th century revealed that the legendary St. James' Cemetery is near the town of Flaviat in iria, the westernmost tip of Iberian Peninsula. Before that, the monk Beraki and many people in this area had been uneasy about some strange and mysterious phenomena. At night, the sky is full of incredible light and sweet hymns, and the singer seems to be an angel. When Bishop Teodmir learned about these things, he soon discovered that they came from a grave, which was undoubtedly the tomb of St James. Alfonso II (759-842), the ruler of the small kingdom of asturias and Leon, whose capital is in oviedo, wrote that the existence of the tomb reveals the most precious treasure of the holy apostle, that is, his sacred bone. The origin of pilgrimage in Saint Emilion's area Panorama of Saint Emilion's area In contemporary literature, this discovery is called inventio, which means that it is a completely unexpected and wonderful encounter, which is incredible. The king built a small church on the cemetery, which was soon expanded into a rectangular church. The town of Santiago de Compostela developed around the cemetery. Later, it became a powerful symbol of Spanish Christians, so that the victory of the Christian army in clavijo in 844 was also attributed to the direct intervention of St James. In 1997, the town was looted by Almansur, rebuilt by 1 1.65438, and the Romanesque cathedral was built from 1.075 to 1.6544. It is difficult to say the exact time of the first pilgrimage to Compostela. The above-mentioned record of Alfonso II is the first written testimony of this kind of pilgrimage. Shortly thereafter, believers began to flock to Compostela from the northern provinces of Spain, forming a steady stream of pilgrims, which has continued to this day. According to records, the first person to make a pilgrimage from abroad was the Bishop of Lepi, Skaler. He made a pilgrimage to Compostela in Alfonso II 100 and went with his entourage. Since then, most pilgrims have been foreigners. In the past, people traveled from all over Europe along the road to Rome. Soon, they determined the specific route, which gradually became known as the San Diego Road. 10, 1 1 and 12 centuries are undoubtedly the golden age of Compostela's pilgrimage, and many famous people come to visit the tomb of saints. However, Charlemagne's pilgrimage may not be credible. Similarly, San Francesco's travel notes (about 12 13) are probably made out of nothing, although it is said that countless churches on both sides of Compostela Road were built by this beggar in assisi. Pilgrims in San Emilion usually travel in groups from their hometown. When they set out, the scene was grand and warm, with necessary costumes: cloak, beggar bag, crutch, gourd and big hat. In the early days, pilgrims came home with a shell code to show that they had indeed reached their destination. Later, it gradually became a unique symbol. Pilgrims even wore several shells, so Galicians nicknamed them Shell Piercer. People who go to Compostela have to leave their families, give up their jobs and livelihoods for six months to two years, and face various dangers, such as diseases, accidents or attacks. It is estimated that in a certain period of time, half of them will never come back. Some people decided to settle along the way, especially when they entered Spanish territory. In many towns along the way to Compostela, foreigners are mostly French, so French communities can be found in Pamplona, burgos, Leon and Compostela. Sometimes, these one-way pilgrims even set up their own towns, called freedom towns. The chronicler of an unknown sahagun town in Saint Emilion described that the country decided to build a town there and learned that people from all walks of life flocked to it, including blacksmiths, carpenters, leather tailors, cobblers, weapons makers and scholars from various provinces and regions, such as Gasconi, Brittany, Germany, Britain, Burgundy, Normandy and Toulouse. With the passage of time, mainly on the eve of the Christian Reform Movement, Compostela lost some important positions. However, the recent revival of religious enthusiasm has once again filled the road to Compostela with thousands of pilgrims from all over the world. On the marble pillar of the main porch of St. James's Cathedral in Compostela, a huge statue created by Master Matthew salutes the pilgrims who arrive at their destination. According to an ancient tradition, tourists must put their right hand on the stone pillar to show that they sincerely hope to get the love of saints. The thickness of the stone pillar has been worn away by one and a half centimeters. How many hands have touched it? The significance of St. Emilion's parish church affects the road from St. Emilion's parish church to Compostela! Its unique influence made Spain have a strong position in the medieval world, and once again created great spiritual wealth-science, literature and art, which enabled them to cross the Pyrenees and go abroad for the first time. It spread many colorful manuscripts to the south of France, including the Apocalypse Annotation by Beatus, a monk in Levana. Inspired by their fantastic color paintings, Romanesque sculptures first appeared in cluny, Moisac and Toulouse. It has become a memorable theme in epic literature, providing a communication channel, so that this theme is absorbed by Song of Roland and transformed into French. The Song of Roland praises Charlemagne's war against the Moors. It is through pilgrims that the rhythm and lofty ideal of Andalusian lyric style crossed the national border and entered the songs of the minstrels in the north and south of France and even the love poets in Germany, which made them know something about oriental music. The road to Compostela! It attracts scholars from all over Europe to translation schools in Toledo. They come from the mountains of Dalmatia, the cities of Italy, the banks of the Elbe River, the canals of Bruges and the fog of Scotland. When they returned home, they took away the Latin translations of the main works of the great Islamic Spanish philosophers and wise men, and also took away the translations of the works of those people-Christians, Muslims or Jews. They made the adults in Toledo respected, comparable to the general supervision area of documents in segovia. Now, Toledo is still deeply admired by intellectuals. The road to Compostela! It brought many new things to Spain from Western Europe: Romanesque style and Gothic style, church ceremony and hierarchy, Romanticism and French literature, Italian academic achievements and the legal system of Bologna School. Through thousands of paths between pilgrims and villains, nobles and rogues, St. James has created the most amazing miracle, closely linking Spain and the West. Local characteristics of Saint Emilion's district Saint Emilion's district has unique cultural characteristics, historical landscapes and natural relics in the world. The World Heritage Committee once commented: "Saint Emilion is a particularly prominent example in the history of vineyard cultivation. It is still intact and still in operation until now. In precisely defined areas and naturally growing vineyards, people intensively cultivate and specialize in producing wine. These intensive farming areas have always received special attention in the history of St. Emilion's district. " Since Roman times, local wine merchants have begun to explore how to minimize the factors that affect the production of bad wine. It is found that the correct weather, soil and artificial mixed planting of different grape varieties often produce incredible results. The village of Saint Emilion is located in the center of this area. Much richer than most villages of the same size in France in history. One of the most interesting places is the huge single church, which was built in the 9th century and carved from a huge rock. This is the largest church of its kind in Europe. There are other fascinating attractions, including the narrow medieval streets of the village and the cellar where wine is stored. St Emilion's district is a perfect place. You can stare at those ancient things and think about why they still maintain their own characteristics after a very long time. The land in the grape plantation has been cultivated for more than 2000 years, which is enough to make people sigh. Grape cultivation techniques in Saint Emilion's vineyard were first introduced into this fertile land of aquitaine by the Romans, and were strengthened in the Middle Ages. The San Emilion district benefits from its superior location on the pilgrimage route of Santiago de Compostela. A large number of churches, monasteries and inns have been established since 1 1 century ago. During the British rule in 12 century, its special status as a jurisdiction was recognized. The pure and authentic grape planting landscape in this area is very special, and there are many beautiful historical sites in towns and villages. Protection measures of Bordeaux Brewing Castle in Saint Emilion's district The Bordeaux Brewing Castle in Saint Emilion's district has always been the target of attackers, and local wine thieves used dwarfs to plunder the wine in Bordeaux wine cellars. The police are convinced that these attackers must have hired dwarfs, because only dwarfs can pass through the heavily guarded basement. In a series of attacks, mainly concentrated in the world-famous San Emilion district, thousands of bottles of wine disappeared after a man short enough passed through the narrowest hole. A local policeman said, "All alarm systems can stop adults of normal stature, and now they will have to be modified to stop the shortest people." Although the annual loss of wine is only a very small part of Bordeaux's annual sales, wine operators have become more and more alert. The precinct of St. Emilion