Unique Hall of Camellia —— Appreciation of Camellia Ancient Poems (Ⅳ)

Xin Qiji, a famous poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, wrote "Huanxisha and visitors enjoy camellia, and a flower falls to the ground and bounces up" to express their feelings of worrying about the country by enjoying flowers;

The wine surface is gloomy and green, and the courtyard is hazy at dusk. A crow in a bun makes Sun Shou drunk and mud Qin Gong. ?

I wonder if the flowers stay in spring for a few more days, so no one cares about the rain and wind. I'll meet you downstairs at Green Pearl.

Xin Qiji, whose real name was You 'an, was Jia Xuan, a general who resisted gold in the Southern Song Dynasty. He is a famous uninhibited poet, known as the "Dragon in Ci", known as "Su Xin" with Su Shi and "Jinan Er 'an" with Li Qingzhao. His ci style is "passionate and bold, romantic and bold", which represents the highest achievement of bold ci in the Southern Song Dynasty. There are more than 600 words, including Jia Ji and Short Sentences, which have been handed down from generation to generation.

This word is the poet's work in his spare time. Although it is about the leisure of enjoying flowers, it also implies the poet's anxiety about state affairs. ?

The first sentence of the word "the wine surface is gloomy and the green quilt is heavy" describes the color and mosaic of camellia. Camellia is mainly red, and pink is very similar to the blush on people's faces after drunkenness, so Ci people call it "wine noodles". The word "Cuibei" in the back is a mosaic color, and the word "heavy" points out its dense and prosperous state. Where does the word "depressed" behind "wine noodles" come from? The second sentence of the word is the best footnote: "The courtyard is hazy at dusk." Because the time is after dusk, when the moonlight is dim, the camellia in the yard is naturally "depressed" and looks a bit vague. This second description not only clearly explains the specific time for the poet to enjoy the flowers, but also lets the first description of camellia settle down, which really kills two birds with one stone.

In the next three or four sentences, the poet used allusions to describe things, taking ancient beauty as a metaphor, and spoke highly of the beauty of Camellia: "Sun Shou was drunk, his temples were covered with makeup, and Qin Gong was muddy." Sun Shou was the wife of Liang Ji in the later Han Dynasty. "The Story of Ji Liang in the Later Han Dynasty" records: "(The imperial court) named Sun Shou, the wife of Ji, as the monarch of Xiangcheng ..... The beauty of her life was evil, and she regarded frowning, ponytail, bending over and smiling with dental caries as a charm. ..... Ji loves Qin Gong, a prisoner, and he is in Taicang rank, so he has to go in and out of the detention center. Living in the palace, you need to screen the guards, based on words, reasons and personal matters. " Here, the poet describes the beauty of Camellia with the elegance and charm of Sun Shouzhi, and the word "Sun Shouzui" coincides with the word "wine noodles" at the beginning. After using the word "mud Qin Gong", Qin Gong was fascinated by Sun Shou's beauty, further showing the beauty of Camellia, which was vivid and fascinating. ?

In the second part of the poem, the poet turned his pen from the first part to describe the beauty of camellia and to the situation when it withered. The first two sentences, "I don't know if flowers will stay in spring for a few days, but no one cares about the wind and rain", have profound implications. Literally, the poet is feeling for flowers: the flowering period is always limited, how many days can it be younger? How long can the spring scenery it brings to people last? But now not many people care about this precious flowering period, and no one cares that the ups and downs have destroyed this beautiful spring scenery. In fact, the poet uses camellia to express his feelings about reality, and he often uses fallen flowers to symbolize the current situation of the country. For example, in the word "fishing", the poet used "it is better to calm down a few storms, return to spring in a hurry, cherish spring and be afraid of opening early, not to mention countless red flowers" to express his worries about state affairs. So is this word. The poet used the phenomenon that camellia withered in the wind and rain, feeling and insinuating that not many people in the ruling and opposition circles in the Southern Song Dynasty cared about the current situation and destiny of the country.

At the end of the sentence, "See you downstairs with the green beads, and you will be red", followed by the previous description, which more specifically shows the shape of the fallen flowers in spring. "Green Pearl" was a prostitute in Shi Chong in Jin Dynasty. "Biography of Shi Chong in the Book of Jin" said: "I admire prostitutes, who are called green beads, beautiful and gorgeous, and are good at playing the flute. Sun xiu sent someone to ask for it, and Chong was furious and said,' I love green beads, but I can't get them.' Express anger, correct, and accept worship. Chongzheng gave a banquet upstairs and the usher came to the door. Chong Zheng said,' I have sinned for you.' Lvzhu cried,' When filial piety died before the official.' Jumped downstairs and died. "Later generations deeply regret the death of Lv Zhu. Du Mu, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, once said in a poem: "The fate of death is a pity." (titled "Mrs. Peach Blossom Temple"). Here, the poet uses green beads to describe the withering of camellia, which shows his deep affection for flowers. In fact, this is a tortuous expression of the poet's feelings of worrying about the country. In Xin Ci, it is common to express his feelings of worrying about the country through ups and downs, so I won't go into details here. ?

The outstanding artistic feature of this word is implicit and euphemistic, which is different from the common bold style of Xin Ci. For example, when writing the color of camellia, the poet does not write the word "red" directly, but uses "wine noodles" to express it. I feel that there are not many people in the ruling and opposition parties in the Southern Song Dynasty who care about the current situation of the country. I don't know how many days flowers will stay in spring, and the wind and rain will be left unattended. It is euphemistic and implicit, and people can't get tired of reading it.

Liu Kezhuang, a poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, wrote Camellia, which incorporated personal experiences and feelings.

The young woman walks in the frosty sky, and the camellia stands alone among the flowers.

I didn't know there was a vast forest in Qian Shan, but look at a little red book in the basin. ?

Sex begins to be dismantled every time it's cold. It's dark but loves to be slightly roasted by the sun. ?

People say that this tree is very difficult to raise, and it is watered by children in the morning and evening. ?

Liu Kezhuang is modest and blessed, a layman in Houcun, with a bachelor's degree in Longtuge. Poet and critic of Southern Song Dynasty. Poetry belongs to the uninhibited school, with a large number of works and a wide range of contents. It talks more about current events and reflects on people's livelihood. Influenced by Xin Qiji, his words are bold and unconstrained, and there is a tendency to talk about them. Author of "The Short Sentence of the Later Village Chief". He was the earliest editor of Poems of a Thousand Families.

This "Camellia" is a lyric poem. ?

At the beginning of "Young Woman Walking in the Frost Sky", it describes the frost goddess "Young woman walking in the frost" coming to snow, pointing out that the festival is in winter, "the sky at dawn", especially pointing out that the time is in the morning, and at the same time rendering the specific environment and unique atmosphere in which camellia blooms. "Dushan tea in the hall is full of flowers." Camellia bloom alone, and the temple is more elegant and glorious after a hundred flowers bloom. Praise the inherent gorgeous image and unique character of camellia. Generally speaking, flower poetry is often praised for its early flowering and innovation. And this poem "Camellia" appreciates the beauty of "backwardness" and is doubly lovely. The poet waved an emotional pen in a realistic way, praising the noble character of Camellia, which is amazing and intriguing. ?

Zhuan Xu's "I don't know a thousand forests in the open air, but I see a piece of red in the pot" takes "outdoor", "pot", "thousand forests", "a book" and "red" as examples, describing a complex level with different internal and external, different distances and depicting the whole of a thousand trees and a book. "Outdoor" is a distant view, "in the basin" is a close view; "Thousand Woods" is a broad description, and "One Book" is a close-up view; "Mao" is about white all over the sky, and "Red" is about camellia blooming like fire and blood. Coupled with the intentional emphasis of "I don't know" and "watch", it not only closely follows the theme of the poem, but also highlights the red smile of Camellia. "I don't know" is actually knowing, but it's a fake ear. "Take a look" is actually a preference, but it is also sincere. "I don't know" and "I know" are just like "I don't feel" in the Tang Dynasty poet Meng Haoran's "I woke up briskly this morning in spring" ("Spring Dawn"), which means "I don't feel" and "I feel" because I heard birds singing everywhere. The "look" of "look" is remarkable. Once emphasized, it shows the keen interest of Shuang Ling Camellia and its fearless spirit of deceiving frost and suppressing snow. The stability of the struggle expressed the poet's high praise. ?

Necklace "starts to be dismantled every cold night. Although it is dark in color, it loves to be baked slightly in the sun". Camellia is late, and when it is cold at the end of the year, it is better to think about its character than the "pine and cypress" that died after the cold of the year! Camellia is dark in color and likes to be slightly roasted in warm light. Look at its temperament, just like the characteristics of sunflower and holly facing the sun! The sentence "every meridian" expresses the meaning of liking cold, while the sentence "but love" expresses the goodness of dispelling cold. This feeling contrast between cold and warm harmoniously unifies the dialectics of material and art, and the team is skilled in work and appreciates the uniqueness of camellia, which is natural and fragrant as ever. Flowers, still so; So are people. ?

At the end of the two sentences, "people say that this tree is particularly difficult to raise, and it is watered by children sooner or later." It is not enough to write that camellia is so beautiful and firm, but some people say it is particularly difficult to raise; The poet replied succinctly: as long as you don't forget to instruct the boy and servant to water some water and fertilizer in the morning and evening. It is interesting to refute the argument that it is difficult to raise. The word "You", which is particularly difficult to cultivate, shows the weight of criticism, while the word "Zi", which is self-taught, shows that it is easy to cultivate, profoundly shows the poet's special love and firm maintenance of Camellia, and contains profound meaning. ?

Throughout the poem, the first couplet is in awe and generally appreciates the temperament of Camellia. Couplets are compared and accepted, and the gorgeous and calm posture of camellia is appreciated concretely; The neckline goes deep into the secluded place and strongly appreciates the cold-resistant and sunny characteristics of camellia; At the end of the question and answer, I deeply realized the simple and easy-to-maintain character of camellia. Cut into the work situation, end to end. The poet skillfully described the camellia and its character, which melted into his personal feeling of opportunity, entrusted his own elegant feelings and made him interesting. For camellia, it seems that there is a narcissistic praise; Personally, it seems to reveal a completely honest and uncontroversial sigh.

Camellia written by Yu, a poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, expresses the poet's lonely and indifferent feelings by appreciating flowers and writing people.

Spend time in a scholar's house in the Near East, so that you can bring wine and tea. ?

The jade emperor packed up and sent it back to heaven, and he was afraid that Yunyang would not have this flower. ?

Yu is a famous poet of Jiangxi Poetry School in Southern Song Dynasty. Wake up buddhist nun. Bold in sex, addicted to poetry and drinking, he traveled around famous mountains and rivers, drinking and writing poems, leaving many well-known poems. He is the author of 10 Volume "Collection of Beads in Awakening Temple".

This song "Camellia" literally looks very dull, but with a little taste, it feels like "less words and more meanings, with endless flavor." (Hong Mai's Essays on Rong Zhai in Southern Song Dynasty) This "taste" means that the poet has an unusual "strange interest". ?

This poem is very different from other flowers-appreciating poems. Many people who love flowers like camellia because it is cold-resistant, lush and colorful in winter. High quality as cold plum, but the painted face is not as thin as plum. Gorgeous as peony, but unlike peony, unsightly. It can be said to be beautiful. Different people have different understandings and sustenance of camellia, because camellia has good color, fragrance and taste. People generally have two ways, one is to praise them for not avoiding frost and snow, and the other is to paint their flowers in various colors. This little poem, however, describes the poet's leisure to take wine and tea to Dongxi to enjoy flowers, praising camellia from the side.

The first sentence is to see flowers, first point out the place where camellia grows. This sum is of great significance. The poet, out of his own curiosity, has a deep understanding of the high rhyme of camellia. This camellia plant does not follow the carved fence, does not accompany pavilions, does not associate with flowers, but "lives in the scholar's house near Dongxi." Dongxi doesn't exactly refer to a certain place, but we can know that it is a very secluded place with beautiful mountains and rivers. There is no earthly noise here, just a layman hiding here to avoid the world. Camellia is just a stream in Linqing, accompanied by lovers. This is about the growing environment of camellia, taking "Dongxi" and "lay man" as examples to break away from the secular world and highlight the dust-free world of camellia.

Since it is so wonderful, why not make people yearn for it? So the poet is going to see it. Seeing flowers is a very common thing, and I don't need to elaborate. However, the poet of this poem relishes the unusual move of going to Shang Huashi: "bringing a bottle of wine and tea" and taking a bottle of wine to enjoy flowers in other places, which shows that he loves flowers and he also wants to bring tea. It seems that he will linger in front of the flowers for a long time. You can't restrain your curiosity about appreciating Camellia. Use the adjectives "good" and "money" to describe your unique passion and love for appreciating Camellia. At this time, the poet painted a portrait for us. When his happy event came, he had to be carefree and dance.

But this is an external situation after all. This is his love affair. I think there is still a mystery. Yes, he is thinking, "The Jade Emperor will tidy it up and return it to heaven, so he is afraid that Yunyang will not have such flowers." This is out of a strange imagination, and it is extremely strange to write this kind of camellia. Camellia is indeed a rare flower in the world. It has graceful flowers, is tall and plump, and is "uprooted" and "extremely distinguished". It can bloom from late autumn to early spring, the snow is in full bloom, and its flowers are rotten like fire, so people praise it as "the noble spirit of Jintian, the horse without fruit" (Huang Tingjian in the Northern Song Dynasty) and "the unusual flower" (the king of the Southern Song Dynasty). Camellia has many strange things. How to write a quatrain? The poet is very clever. He blurs the dots with a virtual pen and lets the readers make up for them with their own imagination. The poem only uses a pen on strange words, and only emphasizes why he loves this camellia. It turns out that this is a godsend, and I am lucky to see its beauty occasionally. Moreover, how can the exotic flowers and plants in the celestial world stay in the world for a long time? Once the jade emperor put them back in the sky, there will never be such flowers on earth again. The difference between immortals and mortals shows the unique characteristics of camellia. All kinds of whimsy in the jade emperor's heaven pushed the poet's love for camellia to a climax, and also pushed his praise for camellia to the extreme, that is, "extraordinary harmony", novel and natural, not far from the ordinary.

As a flower-chanting poem, this seven-line poem is not as good as the posture and color of flowers, and only writes about flowers. There are flowers, and they are all from flowers. Write flowers, only about Shang Huashi's behavior and psychological thoughts with wine and tea at that time, with a very simple pen. But "it's better to be interesting in an image, and someone is there, than a dead sentence" (Fang Qing Shu Dong's "Continued Zhao Wei's Show Your Face"), so packaging contains multiple meanings. "Be good at bringing wine and tea" is the main sentence, which vividly describes the hospitality and love of flower friends, while the first sentence, three or four sentences make up for this action from different angles, so the whole poem describes the poet's love for camellia, which is very powerful. ?

In addition, there is a hidden second meaning in the poem, which is the purpose of the poem. This second meaning has two layers: first, it praises the beauty of Camellia, shapes the image of Camellia, and writes about the beauty of Camellia by writing about the love and appreciation of exotic flowers and exotic plants. It's called singing flowers. The second layer is about people enjoying flowers. Describe his leisurely and serene appearance, his peculiar feelings and interests, his aesthetic pursuit and the poet's lonely and indifferent feelings. This poem is really about flowers. ?

When the predecessors commented on Wang Wei, they said, "Wang Youcheng is like a lotus in autumn water, smiling with the wind." (Jade Chips by Wei Qingzhi, a poet in the Southern Song Dynasty) Isn't the East and West Camellia here a comparison of the poet wandering in the Western Hills and looking at the dust in the distance?

I also wrote a poem "Camellia" after I came back from enjoying the flowers to express my feelings of enjoying the flowers:

Yujie was so cold that she was surprised by the mountain flowers.

I have never seen a flower in the world. ?

? In the poem, it is praised that camellia blooms when it is clean and cold, and grows in a remote and dusty place. My trip to the west opened my eyes. I saw flowers that I had never seen before. The excitement of enjoying flowers is beyond words.