What are the causes, symptoms and prevention methods of heatstroke in summer?

It is hot in summer. If you spend too much time in the sun, or work in a hot environment for a long time, or if the room is too stuffy, it may lead to heatstroke. People who are old, weak, chronically ill or overtired are more prone to heatstroke. Therefore, in hot weather, it is necessary to scientifically choose effective methods to prevent heatstroke and other diseases. I sorted out the causes, symptoms, prevention and treatment of heatstroke for you, hoping to help you avoid heatstroke and have a happy summer.

I. Causes and symptoms of heatstroke

Second, the first aid method of heatstroke

Third, prevent heatstroke.

I. Causes and symptoms of heatstroke

Heatstroke refers to the acute dysfunction of the central nervous system and circulatory system caused by the dysfunction of the thermoregulatory center, the failure of sweat glands and the loss of water and electrolytes in a high temperature, high humidity and windless environment.

Heatstroke is generally divided into two situations. One is high temperature and high radiation, also known as dry heat. Strong sunlight and high temperature lead to a lot of water loss in human body. If you don't replenish water in time, you are very prone to heatstroke. The other is high temperature and humidity, which is a common hot and humid day in summer. The human body can't sweat normally, and the increase of skin blood flow can also lead to heatstroke.

1, reason

Climate and environment. For example, long-term exposure to the sun, the surrounding environment continues to reach more than 42 degrees, the living air environment is poorly ventilated, and the surrounding temperature exceeds the range that our human body can bear, which is easy to cause heatstroke.

The body will lose a lot of sodium salt. When we sweat a lot, we excrete sodium salt. If it is not supplemented in time, it will lead to the lack of sodium in the body, cause muscle spasm and eventually form heatstroke spasm.

There is poor air circulation. Poor air circulation in the living environment will also affect the heat dissipation of the skin, and the body temperature will rise slowly, reaching a range that our human body can't bear, and eventually heatstroke will occur.

Prolonged exposure to direct sunlight. The sun often shines on our heads, and the meninges will be highly congested for a long time, which will affect the normal activities of the nervous system and reduce the ability to regulate body temperature, leading to dizziness and headache.

Other reasons. In addition, hunger, lack of water, airtight clothes, tight clothes, diabetes, insufficient sweat glands, cardiovascular diseases and other reasons may also cause heatstroke.

2. Symptoms

Symptoms are divided into three categories: aura, mild and severe heatstroke.

Threatened heatstroke refers to fatigue, sweating, thirst, headache, dizziness, dizziness, tinnitus, nausea, chest tightness and other symptoms in high temperature environment.

In addition to the above symptoms, mild heatstroke mainly manifests as flushing, burning skin, temperature rising above 38℃, and may also be accompanied by nausea, vomiting, pale face, rapid pulse rate, blood pressure drop, wet and cold skin, etc.

In addition to mild heatstroke, severe heatstroke also includes spasm, abdominal pain, high fever fainting, coma, collapse or shock, which can lead to death in severe cases.

Second, the first aid method of heatstroke

If we have heatstroke ourselves, or there are people with heatstroke around us, but the people with heatstroke are still conscious, we should take them to a safe and cool place, unbutton their clothes and belts, let the body cool down (to facilitate heat dissipation), and urge the patients to drink water by themselves. If patients can drink by themselves, let them replenish water in time. If they can't drink water, go to a medical institution immediately.

Call an ambulance immediately if the patient is unconscious. If you are unconscious, unresponsive and acting abnormally, you should also call an ambulance immediately. Before the ambulance arrives, take the heatstroke victim to a safe and cool place, loosen clothes and belts, and let the body cool down. If you have fresh-keeping bags and ice cubes, apply them to your neck, armpits and thighs to cool your body. Attention! When you are in a coma, you may suffocate because of mistakes, so don't force the patient to drink water. You can press Renzhong, Hegu and other acupoints to wake up the patient until the ambulance arrives.

Heatstroke usually occurs during the day, but it may also occur at night or before going to bed, so attention should be paid, especially to the elderly and children. If you have symptoms of suspected heatstroke at night, and the symptoms are mild and conscious, you can turn on the air conditioner, lower the room temperature, and use ice cubes or cold towels to cool down. In addition, drink plenty of water, or drink oral rehydration that can supplement water and salt to prevent dehydration.

Third, prevent heatstroke.

1, add more water.

In summer, the human body volatilizes a lot of water, so you can't wait for thirst before drinking water. At this time, the body is already in a state of water shortage. Drink about 10 liter of water every day. If you sweat too much, some trace elements in your body will be taken away with the evaporation of water. You can add more light salt water or mineral water.

Step 2 avoid direct sunlight

Remember to prepare sunscreen when you go out, and it is best not to walk in the hot sun from 10 to 4 pm. If you must go out at this time, you must wear a sun hat, sunglasses, sunscreen and drink plenty of water. In addition, there are heatstroke prevention and cooling drugs, such as Shidishui, Ren Dan and Huoxiang Zhengqi Water. , must be prepared by your side. Try to choose cotton and linen fabrics when you go out, and wear less chemical fiber clothes, so as not to lose heat in time when you sweat a lot.

3. Add more protein.

Food should be supplemented with enough protein, such as fish, meat, eggs, milk and beans; In addition, you should eat more fresh fruits and vegetables that can prevent heatstroke, such as tomatoes, watermelons and bitter melons. You should also pay attention! Eating a lot of cold drinks is easy to get heatstroke, because the sudden drop of local temperature will affect the normal operation of various system functions.

Step 4 get enough sleep

Hot weather also consumes a lot of physical strength and is easy to feel tired. Adequate sleep can relax the brain and body system and help prevent heatstroke. Be careful not to lie under the air conditioning outlet and electric fan when sleeping, so as not to get air conditioning disease and catch a cold.

In recent years, with the influence of global warming, the temperature is getting higher and higher, and there are more and more hot weather. Therefore, when summer comes, everyone must know more about heatstroke prevention and cooling. We must do a good job in heatstroke prevention and cooling. If you have symptoms of heatstroke, you must also do first aid and seek medical advice in time.

In addition, it is recommended to be hot in summer. Dr Luigi graton, an expert from American Dietitians Association, recommended the following five foods:

Hami melon: melons are rich in potassium, but the potassium content of Hami melon is three times that of watermelon! The orange color of Hami melon pulp comes from carotene, which is a powerful antioxidant and can help you resist the damage of the hot sun.

Berry: Sweet and delicious berries are rich in substances similar to aspirin, which can play an anti-inflammatory role and effectively reduce the damage caused by sunburn. In addition, they are the main source of antioxidant vitamin C. Grapes, bananas, tomatoes, oranges, etc. Are common berry varieties, suitable for summer consumption.

Spinach: leafy spinach is rich in water and magnesium. The green color of spinach comes from lutein, which can protect the YIqiG and eyes from the scorching sun. Cn)。

Red pepper: Pepper rich in vitamin C can effectively promote sweat discharge and play a cooling role, and garlic and ginger will also play a similar role.

Sports drinks: Sports drinks may be a better choice for sports in hot and humid environment. It can help you replenish valuable minerals and improve the body's absorption of liquids.