Climatic characteristics of tropical monsoon climate

Tropical monsoon climate is a climate type, characterized by high temperature all the year round, with the annual average temperature above 22 degrees Celsius, and the Leng Yue is basically above 18 degrees Celsius. The wet and dry seasons are obvious, the precipitation is concentrated in the rainy season, and the precipitation is large, the monsoon is obvious, and tropical cyclones prevail. The tropical monsoon climate is mainly distributed in Southeast Asia from north latitude 10 degrees to the Tropic of Cancer.

There are fifteen climate types in the world, namely, tropical rain forest climate, tropical grassland climate, tropical desert climate, tropical monsoon climate, temperate maritime climate, temperate monsoon climate, subtropical monsoon climate, temperate continental humid climate, temperate continental climate, sub-frigid continental climate, polar long cold climate and polar ice sheet climate.

Tropical rain forests are mostly distributed on both sides of the equator on all continents, such as the Amazon Plain in South America. These areas are located in the equatorial low pressure area, and the airflow is mainly upward, so there are many opportunities for water vapor condensation to cause rainfall. It is rainy all year round, and there is no dry season. The annual precipitation is more than 2000 mm, and many plants still grow thickly under such high temperature and rainy weather conditions all year round.

The tropical grassland climate is mainly distributed on both sides of the equatorial rainy climate zone. Its main feature is that there are obvious dry and wet seasons in a year. Secondly, the temperature is relatively high all year round, and the average temperature in Leng Yue is 16? 18T or more. The climate in this area is usually divided into dry, hot and rainy seasons, and the annual temperature is slightly higher than that in the equatorial rainy climate zone.

The tropical desert climate is mostly distributed outside the tropical grassland climate zone, and the most widely distributed are central and western Australia, northern Africa, southwestern Asia and central and western Australia. The main feature of this climate is high temperature, which is called "hot pole" in the world. There is little precipitation, the annual rainfall is less than 200 mm, and the annual rainfall is unstable and varies greatly. Sometimes it doesn't rain for many years, and strong sunshine and strong evaporation aggravate the dryness of the climate.

The tropical monsoon climate is mostly distributed in Indochina Peninsula, most parts of Indian Peninsula, Philippine Islands, southern Taiwan Province Province of China, Leizhou Peninsula and Hainan Island. The annual precipitation in this climate area is large, concentrated in summer, mostly convective rain. The tropical monsoon is developed, and the dry and wet seasons are obvious.

Tropical maritime climate appears on the east coast of the mainland and islands in the tropical ocean, accompanied by trade winds. Such as the Caribbean coast of Central America and the West Indies. These areas are influenced by trade winds from tropical oceans all the year round, and tropical marine air masses prevail all the year round. As the name implies, tropical maritime climate is a climate type with maritime climate. The annual temperature difference between day and night is relatively small, but the average temperature in Leng Yue is slightly lower than the equator, and the rainy climate in the whole year is slightly higher than the equator. The annual precipitation is generally more than 2000 mm, and the seasonal distribution is relatively uniform.

The temperate maritime climate is located on the west coast of the westerly belt continent, which is greatly influenced by the marine air mass, and there is a warm current passing along the coast. There is no cold in winter and no heat in summer. The average temperature in Leng Yue is over 0T, the average temperature in the hottest month is below 22 1, and the annual and daily temperature difference is small.

The Mediterranean climate is located on the west coast of the mainland at subtropical latitude, and it is a transitional zone between tropical and semi-arid climate and temperate maritime climate. For example, the Mediterranean coast, California coast and other areas have such a climate.

The temperate monsoon climate is distributed in the east coast of Eurasia, northern Japan and the Far East of the Soviet Union. The annual precipitation of this climate type is about 1000 mm, of which about two thirds is concentrated in summer.

The subtropical monsoon climate is distributed at 25 north latitude. ? There is no obvious dry season at 35 on the east coast of subtropical continent. The annual precipitation is usually 1000? 1500mm, with more rainfall in summer.

The temperate continental humid climate is mostly distributed on the east side of the temperate maritime climate belt of Eurasia, with a latitude of 35? In 55 years, the eastern part of the North American continent. This climate has some similarities with the temperate monsoon climate in terms of temperature and precipitation changes. The temperate continental humid climate zone is affected by cyclone activity in winter, so there is more precipitation; Convective rain generally appears in summer, but the concentration of rain is not as significant as that of temperate monsoon climate, and the weather changes aperiodically.

The subtropical humid climate is mainly distributed in the coastal area of the Gulf of Mexico and the eastern part of the North American continent, with a temperature of 25? In areas such as the Atlantic coast, the precipitation in this climate zone is relatively uniform.

The temperate continental climate occupies a relatively large area in the northern hemisphere, mainly distributed at 35 north latitude. ? The middle of Asia and North America is at 50 degrees. Areas with temperate continental climate are polar continental air masses all year round, because these areas are separated by mountains and have no influence of sea breeze, so there are polar continental air masses. Leng Xia is hot in winter, with large annual and daily temperature difference and little precipitation, showing continental climate characteristics.

The continental climate in the sub-frigid zone mainly appears at 50? Between 65 degrees, it is distributed in strips. The main feature of this climate is that the winter is long and cold, and the cold weather often appears in the continental climate of the sub-cold zone, and the temperature is often _ 501; Summer is short but warm, the average monthly temperature is above 10T, and the annual precipitation is generally 300? 600 mm, mainly because it rains in summer. Because of weak evaporation and high relative humidity.

The polar long cold climate is mostly distributed in the northern margin of North America and Eurasia, part of the coast of Greenland and several islands in the Arctic Ocean. This climate is characterized by winter all year round, extremely cold and long. Located in the long polar cold climate, the precipitation is mainly snow, with an annual precipitation of 200? 300 mm, so the ground is often frozen in such a climate area, only lichens, mosses and other low-level plants.

The climate of the polar ice sheet is distributed in the polar region and its vicinity, including Greenland, several islands in the Arctic Ocean and the ice sheet plateau of the Antarctic continent. Winter in polar ice sheet climate areas is always in a state of long nights. Although it is an eternal day in the second half of winter, it gets little heat because the sunlight is oblique. Therefore, this climate is extremely cold all year round, and it is the coldest continent in the world, so it is also called the "cold pole" of the world.