How long is the ancient city wall in Xi 'an?

The total circumference is 1 1.9 km. Xi' an city wall is located in the center of Xi, and it is rectangular. Wall height 12m, bottom width 18m, top width 15m, east wall length 2590m, west wall length 263 1.2m, south wall length 344 1.6m, and total circumference1. There are four gates: East Changle Gate, Xi 'an Dingmen, South Yongning Gate and North An Yuanmen. Each gate consists of an arrow tower and a tower. The existing city wall was built in the seventh to eleventh year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1374- 1378), with a history of more than 600 years. It is the most complete existing ancient city wall building in China. Some experts believe that the ancient city wall is the most splendid architectural relic on the ground of this ancient capital of the 13th dynasty. Its value can be said to be unparalleled. According to accurate measurement, the length13.912km, height12m, bottom width18m and top width15m of Xi 'an Angu City Wall. Among them, the south wall is 4256 meters long and the west wall is 2706 meters long, covering the imperial city of Sui and Tang Dynasties, extending about1/4 to the east and north respectively; The east wall is 2886 meters long and the north wall is 4262 meters long. It was built during the Hongwu period of the Ming Dynasty. The whole city wall includes moat, suspension bridge, lock tower, arrow tower, main building, turret, watchtower, breast wall, crib and other facilities, forming a tight and complete medieval castle. It can be said that every brick on the ancient city wall is like an ancient letter, which is a classic to interpret this ancient capital of the 13th Dynasty. In the second year of Emperor Wendi (582), the famous architect Yuwen Kai, as the chief architect of the capital construction, began to build Miyagi and Imperial City. The following year, the construction of Guo Cheng was completed. After the establishment of the Tang Dynasty, Daxing City was still the capital and changed to Chang 'an City. In the fifth year of Yonghui (AD 654), Emperor Gaozong appointed Yan Xuande, the minister of the Ministry of Industry, to be responsible for the construction of the outer wall of Tang Cheng and the nine gates in the east, west and south. The perimeter of the external wall is 36.7 kilometers, the width is 9- 12 meters and the height is more than 5 meters. At that time, the whole city covered an area of 84 square kilometers, with a large scale and neat layout. North-south street 1 1, east-west street 14, the whole city is divided into 109 squares and east-west cities. As Bai Juyi described, "A hundred schools of thought are like Go, and Twelve Streets are like vegetable fields." Tang Cheng, the largest capital in the world, is like the center of world civilization. At the end of the Tang Dynasty, Huang Chao uprising, 88 1 captured Chang 'an. The government forces in the later Tang Dynasty quickly recovered Chang 'an. In history, "Huang Chao is invincible, burning the palace and fleeing", almost at the same time, "the looting by loyalists is tantamount to" thieves "and" there are not many houses left in Chang 'an ". However, it was Zhu Wen who forced Tang Zhaozong to move the capital. Not only the emperor's officials and gentry people emigrated in succession, but Zhu Wen also demolished the palace in Chang 'an. Timber and timber removed from white temples and houses were transported to Luoyang along the Weihe River and the Yellow River, and the Tang city was reduced to ruins. Han Jian, Ambassador of China to Chang 'an, rebuilt Chang 'an City; Abandoned the original Guo Cheng and Miyagi, and took the Imperial City Wall as the new Chang 'an City Wall. At this point, the superstar gradually lost his luster. Yuan for the drop, become a major town in the northwest. After the establishment of the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang made his second son Zhu _ the king of Qin, guarding Chang 'an and renamed it "An". In the third year of Hongwu (1370), Shengfeng presided over the restoration of Xi 'an City and the restoration of the Imperial Capital, which lasted for 8 years. As for the Ming City Wall, the South City Wall and the West City Wall were heightened and thickened on the basis of the Sui and Tang Dynasty imperial city walls, extending to the east and north by a quarter respectively; The east wall and the north wall will be demolished and built separately. During the period of Qin Long in Ming Dynasty (1568), Zhang Zhi, the governor of Shaanxi Province, built blue bricks for the original Ming city wall. During the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, 178 1 year, Bi Yuan, the governor of Shaanxi Province, renovated the tower, added bricks and improved the drainage system. At this point, the city wall survived. Xi 'an City Wall was built on the basis of Tang Imperial City in Ming Dynasty under the guidance of Zhu Yuanzhang, the great ancestor of Ming Dynasty, who "built the city wall high, accumulated grain and grass extensively, and proclaimed himself emperor slowly". Completely around the "defense" strategic system, the wall is thicker than the height and rock-solid, and sports cars and exercises can be placed on the top of the wall. The city wall includes a series of military facilities such as moat, suspension bridge, sluice building, watchtower, main building, turret, watchtower, breast wall and crib. The city wall has undergone three major renovations after its completion. In the second year of Qin Long in Ming Dynasty (1568), Zhang Zhi, the governor of Shaanxi Province, presided over the restoration, and turned the earthen city into a brick city for the first time. In the forty-sixth year of Qing Qianlong (178 1), Shaanxi governor Bi Yuan presided over the repair of city walls and towers; Since 1983, the people's governments of Shaanxi Province and xi have carried out large-scale maintenance of this ancient city wall, supplemented the demolished east gate tower, north gate tower, south gate tower and suspension bridge, and built parks around the city, making this ancient building glow with its former elegance and become a major tourist landscape in xi. Looking back at history, the city wall was the traditional defense facility of ancient cities in China. We saw in the Banpo site 6000 years ago that Banpo people dug deep ditches around their homes to guard against the attacks of wild animals and foreign tribes. If banpo village is regarded as the first bud of the city, then the deep ditch is equivalent to the city wall at that time. After people invented the wall-building technology, the city wall came into being naturally with the city and became a remarkable symbol of ancient cities. According to historical records; "The whale built the city to defend the king, and the founding of the country was for life. This is also the beginning of the city. " This is the late primitive society about 4500 years ago. Xi 'an, as a thousand-year-old ancient capital, has built city walls many times in past dynasties. Most of them were buried by the dust of history. But the Great Wall we saw can still be traced back to the Sui Dynasty in the 6th century. Features: Xi 'an ancient city wall includes a series of military facilities, such as moat, suspension bridge, watchtower, main building, turret, watchtower, breast wall and crib, forming a strict and complete military defense system. Visiting Xi 'an ancient city wall is of great significance to understanding ancient wars, urban construction and architectural art Origin of the name of the city gate: Xi 'an city wall has a history of 1400 years since Sui and Tang Dynasties. In the long historical years, the city gate has experienced various changes. Counting the names and origins of these gates also reflects the rise and fall of the ancient city from one side.