Why did farmers still have a hard life despite the emphasis on agriculture and suppression of business in ancient times?

Since the Qin and Han Dynasties, plows, poles, and shoulder-carrying have been used. Even if the weather is good and there are no pests, a strong laborer can cultivate several acres of land with ordinary seeds and insufficient fertilizer. The yield per acre is about 300 kilograms, and several households People can live on hand to mouth, but they have to use part of their food to buy oil, salt, clothes, shoes and daily necessities. If you encounter natural disasters, diseases, or man-made disasters, you will be miserable.

No matter how "agricultural" the policy is, the "ceiling" of the small-scale peasant economy is too low and the self-sufficiency surplus is too small. The small farmer economy has a small number of commodities and is weak in "repressing business". Farmers have their own land, but after paying the land rent, their income is small and their lives become more difficult. You have misunderstood one thing. The ancients emphasized agriculture and suppressed commerce, which did not mean that they wanted to develop these two industries! Instead, he said that he wanted to develop agriculture and suppress commerce. In other words, he wanted to develop agriculture and suppress commerce, but he wanted to obtain benefits from agriculture and commerce. He believed that obtaining benefits from this industry would be more stable! So he wanted to develop this industry! The maritime ban during the Ming and Qing Dynasties was not only due to The consideration of national security, that is, there were many pirates on the coast at that time, such as Japanese pirates, who were rampant at sea and disrupted the lives of coastal residents, was also influenced by the traditional thinking of focusing on agriculture and suppressing business. Therefore, this policy has become a basic national policy.

Obviously, in the eyes of many people, the so-called emphasis on agriculture and suppression of business means that the state puts all its energy on agricultural production and allows agriculture to develop while suppressing the development of business! Later we thought, the state gave We have given so many subsidies and given so many subsidies to make the lives of farmers better. In feudal society, the lives of farmers are like that flower, so bright and sunny! However, in our lives, there has been such a situation, that is, "emphasis on agriculture and suppression of business".

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