Translation and appreciation of Yu Gezi's ancient poems

Egrets fly freely in front of Mount Cisse, peach blossoms bloom on the banks of the river, spring water rises at the beginning, and mandarin fish in the water are fat. The fisherman wore a blue bamboo hat and green hemp fiber, braved the oblique wind and drizzle, and happily fished without going home.

Appreciation of fishing songs

"Egrets flying in front of Mount Cisse in Fish Pavilion" is a word written by Zhang, a poet in Tang Dynasty.

The first two sentences of this word are about the place and season of fishing. There are mountains, water, birds, flowers and fish in these two sentences, which outline a beautiful fishing environment and pave the way for the appearance of characters. The last two sentences of the word write fishing on the waves of smoke. The "oblique wind and drizzle" in the last sentence is not only a true description of the scenery, but also meaningful. This word expresses the author's yearning for free life by praising natural scenery and fishermen's fishing.

Cisai Mountain is located in Xitiaoxi, Xing Wu County, Zhejiang Province. It used to be called Taoist Rock, which is a big stone protruding from the river. West Tiaoxi is connected to Taihu Lake in the north and Moganshan Mountain in the south, with beautiful scenery. The word Zhang describes the scenery of spring flood and reflects the loveliness of the water town in Taihu Lake Basin.

Egret is the kind of water bird that people usually call egret. From a distance, it looks a bit like a white crane. Its legs and neck are particularly long, so it is easy to find food in the water. Egrets fly in front of Mount Cisse. They spread their wings and fly in front of Mount Cisse, making this land of fish and rice more interesting. "Peach blossom water" is peach blossom water. Peach blossoms bloom in February and March every year in the south, with warm weather and more rain than in winter. After several spring rains, the river will rise, so there will be more fish going against the current. The author does not simply say that the spring flood is coming, but describes it as "peach blossoms flowing water and mandarin fish fat", which can arouse readers' imagination and make people seem to see the blooming and fiery peach blossoms on both sides of the strait. When the river surges, mandarin fish unique to the south of the Yangtze River jump out of the water from time to time. How fat. Siniperca chuatsi is a kind of freshwater fish with a particularly delicious taste. Its mouth is big and thin, and its color is tan. When the spring flood comes, fishermen will certainly not be idle and busy. "Green bamboo hat, green hemp fiber, oblique wind and drizzle don't have to go back" are all about them. Go home. "Don't go home" means don't go home. From the fisherman wearing a bamboo hat and hemp fiber and enjoying the scenery on the spring in the oblique wind and drizzle, readers can appreciate the happy mood of the fisherman when fishing.

The author is a landscape painter. It is said that he once painted "Fishing Songs" into a picture. Indeed, this word is full of painting. Pale rocks, egrets, bright peach groves, clear running water, yellow-brown mandarin fish, blue hats and green coir are bright in color, ingenious in conception and beautiful in artistic conception, which makes readers seem to be watching an excellent picture of spring flood in a water town.

In the beautiful scenery of the water town and the idealized fisherman's life, this word entrusts the author's feelings of loving freedom and nature. What attracts readers more in the poem is not the leisurely fisherman, but the picture of the spring river rising and misty rain in the peach blossom season in Jiangxiang in February. The green hills in the rain, the fishing boats on the river, the egrets in the sky and the hearts on both sides of the river are brightly colored but soft, and the atmosphere is quiet but full of vitality. This not only reflects the author's artistic ingenuity, but also reflects his lofty, profound, carefree and refined interest.

original work

Yugezi

In front of Mount Cisse, egrets fly freely, plump mandarin fish swim happily on the river, and peaches floating on the water are so bright and full.

An old man in the bank, wearing a green bamboo hat raincoat and a green raincoat, braved the wind and rain and fished leisurely. He was fascinated by the beautiful spring scenery and didn't even go home in the rain.

Poetry annotation

Yugezi: It was originally a song name, and later people wrote words based on it, which became a epigraph name.

Cisai Mountain: It's in the west of Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province.

Egret: A white water bird.

Peach Blossom Flowing Water: The season when peach blossoms bloom is when spring water rises, commonly known as peach blossom flooding or peach blossom water. Mandarin fish: commonly known as "flower fish" and "mandarin fish". Flat, big mouth, fine scales, yellow-green and delicious.

Dai Li: A hat made of bamboo sticks and bamboo leaves.

Coir: A raincoat made of grass or brown hemp.

Creation background

Tang Daizong Dali seven years (772) in September, Yan Zhenqing as Huzhou secretariat, the following year. It's late spring, peach blossoms are in full bloom and mandarin fish are beautiful. They improvised, Zhang sang first and wrote five lyrics. This word is one of them. This word was lost in the reign of Xianzong, and it was recorded in Xuanzhenzi's Fishing Song when Li Deyu visited in the third year of Changqing (823), and it has been passed down to this day.

Means of artistic expression

The first two sentences of this word outline a long scroll of Jiangnan scenery. "Before the Cisse Mountain" indicates the position. "Egret" is a symbol of leisure. It is written that egrets fly freely, setting off the leisure of fishermen. "Peach Blossom" and "Running Water" set each other off in interest, showing the lakes and mountains in front of Cisai Mountain in late spring and rendering the living environment of fishermen.

The last two sentences describe the fisherman's fishing methods. It is fascinating to be completely integrated with poetic nature. Although the author only describes the fisherman's fishing life in general, it is not difficult for readers to find the author's longing for the fisherman's leisurely life between the lines.

This poem is ingenious in conception, beautiful in artistic conception, vivid in language, fresh in style and sentimental in scenery, showing a kind of purity and indifference that emerges from the mud without dyeing, and has become a well-known poem.

Famous comments

Liu Xizai's Introduction to Art in Qing Dynasty: "Zhang's Fishing Songs' Egrets fly in front of Mount Cisse' is a fascinating story. Dongpo tried to use his sentences in Partridge Sky and Huanxisha, but his sentences were not as good as the original words. " Huang also tried to add his words to Huanxisha and read them piteously.

Su Huang's comments on Liaoyuan Ci in Qing Dynasty: "A few sentences are only for fishermen's enjoyment, and there is no storm. There are people across the street who are not free. " It is implicit, implicit and detached from the dust. "

Yu Biyun, a close friend, "Selected Interpretation of Ci Poems in the Tang Dynasty, Five Dynasties and Two Song Dynasties": "All the nobles from China invited the fisherman to visit his father in Xixi, satirizing his spirit in sumo wrestling, and then the sages were seen in the bearer group. Few people can be in the Jianghu. Those who are determined to hold hands with fishing rods also have the words' Cisse',' Baling',' Songjiang' and' Diaoyutai'. No matter whether it is land or Chuyue, it can't be reached by boat, so this word is also a metaphor. At first, it was not a bow calendar. But from every sentence, the gentleman is poor and talented, knows life and is detached. " The phrase "Peach Blossom Flowing Water" is still told by the world today.

The influence of later generations

Su Zizhan loves this word very much, but it's not that he can't sing, but he has a slight profit and loss. He sent "Huanxi Yarn" and said, "Egrets fly in front of Cisai Mountain, and the sails outside Sanhua Island are tiny. Peach blossom and flowing water mandarin fish fertilizer. Cover yourself with a green bamboo hat, accompanied by green hemp fibers everywhere. There is no need to return to the oblique wind and drizzle. " Huang Lu listened and continued to do it. Between the rivers and lakes, it is said that the mountain meets the water as Loki Mountain, and there are Loki bride from Taiping Prefecture and Puyue daughter from Chizhou. Lu Zhi was curious, but I didn't pay. The appropriate sentence is a cloud: "The bride's head is sad, and her daughter's eyes are Pukou." The surprised fish mistook the sinking hook of the moon. There is nothing in front of the green bamboo hat, and the bottom of the green bamboo hat has a rest. The slanting wind and drizzle turned the bow. "Zi Zhan listened and said," I just left my bride, Loki, to find my daughter, Pu. I won't have a prodigal fisherman! "Everyone is laughing. The elder is a little full of love, so read it generously. The small building is hidden in the valley, or it needs to be dealt with when no one is around. Yu Fei is not the duke of Lu, but he can't achieve peace of mind, but he can also find a similar person to travel with him. (Ye Mengde's "Words under the Rock")

In his later years, Gu (Huang Tingjian) also regretted the unfinished work of his last work. Because cousin Li Ruchi said "fisherman's words", the song "Partridge Sky" is very harmonious, with few hate words and many ears. Because Xuanzhenzi's article contains a portrait of Xian Zong and Zhen Xuan's brother Song Ling's intention to persuade him to return, there are several sentences before and after: "Egrets fly in front of the Cisse Mountain, and the peach blossoms are flowing and the mandarin fish are fat. The imperial court is still looking for Xuanzhenzi. Where are more poems now? An old man in the bank, wearing a green bamboo hat raincoat and a green raincoat, braved the wind and rain and fished leisurely. He was fascinated by the beautiful spring scenery and didn't even go home in the rain. The world wants to avoid the wind and rain, and there is wind and rain at 12 o'clock a day. " Dongpo said with a smile: Lu Zhi wants to set off a storm on the ground. (Excerpted from "A Brief Introduction to Baixiang Ci")

Foreign influence

After this poem was sung, it was not only sung by many people for a period of time, but also spread abroad, which opened a precedent for Japanese poets living in China to write lyrics. Five poems by Emperor Xie Chen and seven poems by his courtiers were all adapted from this word.

Brief introduction of the author

Zhang (732 -774), formerly known as Gui Ling, was born in Jinhua, Wuzhou (now Jinhua, Zhejiang). Shangbeizi abandoned his official residence in Wu Shishan, Chishan Town, Yi County (now Qimen Town, Qimen County), and then moved to Runtian Zhang Cun. Poets in Tang Dynasty.

Zhang was able to read at the age of three, fussed at the age of six and enlightened at the age of sixteen. He has served as Hanlin waiting to be called, Sargingoway recording the army, and Nanpu County Commandant. Later, I felt the turbulence of Guanhai and the impermanence of life. When my mother and wife died one after another, I abandoned the official family and wandered the rivers and lakes. Tang Suzong once gave him a slave and a handmaiden, calling them "fisherman" and "Chai Heqing". Later, Zhang and his maid lived in seclusion in the east and west Tiaoxi and Ruoxi areas of Taihu Lake basin, hanging boats and drifting, the three rivers flowing in parallel, and the five lakes firewood for fun.

In the 9th year of Tang Dali (774), Zhang went to Huzhou to visit Yan Zhenqing at the invitation of Yan Zhenqing, the secretariat of Huzhou. In winter and December of the same year, he and Yan Zhenqing accidentally fell into the water in Pingwangying Lake.

His works include Xuanzhenzi (volume 120) with 30,000 words, Dayi (volume 15), and five poems handed down from generation to generation.