The teacher asked me to tell two poems, please help me understand the relevant information!

Rustling clothes towel falling jujube flowers ①, village south village north ringing car ②. Cow clothes and ancient willows sell cucumbers.

The sun is shining, but he is too thirsty. He wants to find some water to drink. Knock on the door and ask the savage.

Towels rustle in the wind, and jujube flowers fall with the wind. At the north and south ends of the village, there was the sound of suppressing cars. It's farmers in plain clothes selling cucumbers. It's a long journey. They are all drunk, but they just want to take a nap. The sun is shining, but I'm thirsty. So I knocked on a villager's door and asked if I could pour him a bowl of tea.

In this way, people will feel real and cordial, and can smell the breath of rural life at that time. This word is different from the previous one. It mainly focuses on the writer's emotional fragments on the road, and the focus is not on reflecting the poverty in rural areas. Because of the relief of rain and drought after the disaster, the author's joy is much stronger than before.

This word pays attention to the tempering of words and sentences, and does not show traces. For example, some critics think that putting the word "Sasha Vujacic" at the beginning of a sentence is "syntactic inversion". In fact, the author's purpose is to emphasize the sound of "jujube flowers" falling on "clothes towels" and meet the requirements of plainness, rather than writing the form of falling flowers. Just because these two words are placed at the beginning of the sentence, it shows that the author knows from the sound of "rustling" that jujube flowers fall on him. In addition, the words "falling", "ringing", "scattering" and "knocking" are also used flexibly and appropriately.

Second, Huanxisha 1- Su Shi

Swimming in Qingquan Temple, the temple is near Lanxi, and the stream flows west.

Under the mountain, the blue buds are short immersed in the stream, and the sand road between the pines is clean and mud-free. Whispering dusk rain. Who says life can't go back to adolescence? The running water in front of the door can still go west! Don't sing white-haired yellow chicken.

At the foot of the mountain, bluegrass shoots into the stream, the path between pine forests is clear and muddy, and cuckoos crow in the drizzle in the evening. Who says you can't be young when you are old? The running water in front of the door can still rush to the west persistently! Don't worry about sighing white hair and singing yellow chicken.

To annotate ...

1. Qishui, county name, now Xishui Town, Hubei Province. See Dongpo's Inscription, Volume III, Book Qingquan Temple's Ci.

2. Bai Juyi's "Robin on March 3": "The sand road moistens without mud".

3. Mix and Yu Yu, Bai Juyi's "Send Yin Xie Fa Poems" is self-explanatory: "Wuerniang in the south of the Yangtze River is lyrical, and Mix and Yu Lang don't return". "Zigui, cuckoo.

This sentence should be realistic. But "in front of the door" has its origin. 19 1 The Book of the Old Tang Dynasty records that there was an old monk in Ji Guo Temple in Tiantai Mountain who knew arithmetic. He said, "The water in front of the door flows west, and so does my apprentice." A group of people went in to apply for a job, but the fruit in front of the door flowed west. "

5. Bai Juyi's "Drunk Song": "Who told you not to understand the song, listen to the yellow chicken and the sky. The yellow chicken is ugly when it urges the dawn, and it urges the year before by day. The red ribbon around her waist was unstable and Zhu Yan lost it in the mirror. " Here, the meaning is reversed, that is, don't hurt your white hair and lament your aging.

Distinguish and appreciate

This word was written in the spring of the fifth year of Yuanfeng (1082), and Su Shi was demoted to assistant minister of Yong ying in Huangzhou (now Huanggang, Hubei) because of Wutai poetry case. This is a great blow to Su Shi's political career, but the word shows an optimistic spirit in adversity. The first two sentences are about natural scenery. In early spring, bluegrass sprouts by the stream, and the path by the stream is clean and muddy, full of vitality. But it ended with the cuckoo whining in the rustling dusk rain. The sound of sub-rules reminds pedestrians that it is better to go home, which adds a bit of sadness to the scenery. However, at the turn of the pen, the altar no longer fell into the depression caused by Zigui crying, but cheered up. As the saying goes, "Flowers will bloom again, and people will never be young again." The passage of time, like running water flowing eastward, can't stay. But there are always accidents in the world. "The flowing water in front of the door can still flow westward" is not only a real scene, but also a hidden Buddhist allusion. Dongshui can still go back to the west, so why mourn for the boss in vain? It seems simple, but it is worth remembering. First of all, the volume of Ci Jie says: "The slope is high in rhyme, so the shallow language is also extraordinary." The whole poem is permeated with an upward attitude towards life. However, the croaking of the last sub-rule vaguely reflects the poet's situation and also shows the commendable attitude in the poem.

Three. Huanxisha (Song Dynasty)-Su Shi

On December 24th, the seventh year of Yuanfeng, from Liu Shu in Sizhou to Nanshan 1.

The drizzle makes people feel a little chilly. Light smoke clears the beach. It's getting longer and longer to enter Huaihai and Luo Qing No.2 Middle School.

Snow foam, milk flowers, floating noon lights 3,

Polygonum Artemisia Try bamboo shoots in spring dish 4. Human taste is pure happiness.

To annotate ...

1. Sizhou, now Sixian County, Anhui Province. Uncle Liu, his life is unknown. Nanshan, the capital of Liangshan, is not far from Sizhou.

2. Luo Qing refers to Luo Jian, which is now the Luohe River in Anhui Province. It originated in Hefei, Anhui Province, and flows northward through Huaiyuan into the Huaihe River. Sizhou is on the north bank of Huaihe River. It is very long and has a lot of water.

3. Snow foam milk flower, foaming when frying tea. Ancient tea, cream color bright white, delicate foam. Su Shi's "Xijiang Moon" (Bellon's masterpiece this year): "The soup is full of white clouds, and the floating flowers are light and round."

4. Polygonum hydropiper: the bud of Polygonum hydropiper. Artemisia seedlings, lettuce seedlings. Spring Festival, a custom since the Tang Dynasty, is called Spring Festival at the beginning of spring, where spring cakes, lettuce and so on are served. Be given as a gift to relatives and friends. The writing day is not far from beginning of spring, so we should try it first. Appreciate this as a vagrant word. In the seventh year of Yuanfeng (1084), Su Shi was transferred from Huangzhou to Ruzhou (now Linru, Henan). On the way to his post, he stopped in Sizhou. This word was written while playing with friends in Nanshan near Sizhou. The first part is about the scenery seen in Nanshan: the slightly cold weather is a deliberate "doing" of "drizzle and oblique wind". The weather is fine, and the willow on the beach seems to be "charming". When you enter Huaiqingluo in front of you, it seems that you are drifting away and seeing the vastness. Unintentional scenery, in the eyes of a willing heart, seems to be affectionate everywhere. The next movie is about lunch break and a tea picnic. Good milky white tea with fresh wild vegetables has a unique flavor. The theme of the whole poem finally falls on the word "Qing Huan", which shows the author's appreciation of the artistic conception of life. The whole poem is elegant in style, and you can feel the author's elegant and calm state of mind. It is because of this state of mind that you can taste the unique feeling of life.

Four. Huanxisha-ji zi

Spring injury is even more unintentional, the evening wind falls in the early courtyard of Mei, and the light clouds travel to and from the moon.

Jade duck smoked the brain, Zhu Ying covered the tassel, and rhinoceros also relieved the cold.

Annotate the lazy Nazi Collection of Flowers and Plants as "carelessness". The poems of celebrities in past dynasties are "boring". Jade duck incense burner: a duck-shaped incense burner made of jade (or white porcelain) for lighting incense. There are various shapes of smoking stoves, such as Kirin, lion and duck. The material is also different from gold, brass, brass, iron, jade and porcelain. Ruinao: a kind of spice name. Zhu Ying bucket account: bucket account, including bucket account. Fringe: refers to the drooping ear of curtains, usually made of five-color feathers or colored lines. Heritage rhinoceros: rhinoceros refers to rhinoceros horn. Legacy should be a "communication" mistake. Appreciating this word is the work of Li Qingzhao when she was young. The author draws two light and elegant pictures by line drawing: one is the outdoor "The Picture of spring night Wounded by a Boudoir" and the other is the indoor "The Picture of a Sleeping Night". Different feelings are expressed by basically similar typical images, thus forming their own unique artistic conception. The two pictures set off each other, complement each other and are full of fun, highlighting the theme of the text.

5. Huanxisha-Su Shi

The wind pressure swirled on the catkin-covered water. After the rain, swallows built their nests in the pond. Shen Lang is too weak to bear the weight of clothes.

There is no letter in the sand, and the time between bamboo forests is sad to hear the partridge. My deep feelings are only known by falling flowers.

Distinguish and appreciate

This is a Spring Festival carol. The first film is based on scenery and emotion, first real and then virtual; The next piece is the combination of reality and reality. The whole word is mixed with scenes, and the realm is wonderful. "The wind pressure is light and the clouds fly with the water, and the Yan Qing pool competes for mud." At first, the author outlined a vibrant spring painting with a simple pen. He didn't use strong colors or flowery words, but sketched the scenery such as wind, clouds, water, swallows and mud with the breath of early spring. On a sunny and round spring day, the author wandered inside and outside the billiard hall, only to see the gentle wind blowing on the earth, thin clouds flying behind the water, the weather in Chu Qing, and the new swallows whispering with mud. Facing this beautiful spring scene, the author went on to say, "Shen Lang is too ill to get dressed." In Shen Yue's classic, the author says that his waistline has been reduced and he has become thinner, and he is more vulnerable when the sun is shining and the air is fresh. In this way, happiness and sadness are in contrast, and their sadness is deeper. The three verbs of press, stick and fly make the first sentence form a series sentence, which vibrates the whole picture. The second sentence is about the interaction between time and space, Chu youth, inside and outside the billiards hall. These two sentences are brightly colored. The third issue is about the author himself. Because of his extroversion, the whole picture suddenly turned from bright to gloomy. In this way, the aesthetic effect of ups and downs is produced, and the dynamic beauty of words is increased. "I don't listen to the letter from Hongyan on the sand, but I listen to the partridge in the bamboo." A book handed down by Hongyan is from Biography of Wu, in which poems and words are often used. Now even Hongyan doesn't send messages. The crowing of partridges always reminds the poet of the past days. "On the beach" and "in the bamboo forest" are the habitats of Hongyan and Partridge respectively, and they are also the scenery that the author may see when he looks up. When the author exiled Huangzhou, he wrote about the situation, "All the cold branches are picked up and refused to live, and the lonely sandbar is cold" ("Bu Operator lives in Dinghuiyuan, Huangzhou"), which is similar to this word. "This feeling is only known when the flowers fall!" Empathy turns the ignorant fallen petal into a bosom friend and knows the author's mood. This kind of feelings into the scene, so that the scene into one, particularly intriguing. The word "only" shows that people don't understand the author's mood except falling flowers; And fallen petal can understand the author's mood, precisely because of the fate of the author and fallen petal; But unfortunately, the fallen petal is speechless, even if it understands the author's mood, it is not comfort.

6. Huanxisha-Su Shi

Thousands of miles of wind and waves don't remember Su, and there are thousands of cars in the snow. But it's full. I'm sorry.

Green sleeves cling to the wind and lingering catkins, and red lips are rotten and drunk. Hand tweezers cream beard bottle.

Appreciation of Su Shi's Ci

This word was written in the five-year winter of Yuanfeng (1082). The first part of this poem describes the snow scene and harvest scene imagined by the author in the coming year, as well as people's joy of hoping for a bumper harvest and warmth. The second part recalls the banquet scene the day before yesterday and expresses the poet's deep concern about the sufferings of people's livelihood. The whole poem has distinct boundaries, outstanding images and profound feelings. The author expresses his worries with musical scenes, sets off his worries with gorgeous colors, and skillfully uses the artistic techniques of complementary opposites, which greatly enhances the artistic image and profoundly reveals the inner world of the protagonist. If the first sentence of the word is quoted from Fu Lao's note, the word "Su" in "Never Remember Su" should refer to Suzhou, and the word "Gong" in the old note should refer to Su Shi. Su Shi didn't remember the ruined land of Suzhou. However, according to the available information, Su Shi had no land in Suzhou when he was demoted to Huangzhou, and only in the seventh year of JaeHee Ning (1074) did he land in Yixing, Tang and Zhou Dynasties. According to the Preface to Ci, Su Shi wrote this word when Xu Junyou woke up the next day after his visit and saw the heavy snow. We know that the night Xu Junyou left changed from "light snow" to "heavy snow during the day" in connection with the scene of "Su Ji Yin Shan in the middle of the night" and "Taojiang was smokeless for a while" written in the previous song. From this point of view, "You don't even remember Sue" should be a true description of1February 2, when you woke up after being drunk and vaguely heard the sound of a snowstorm, and "Sue" seems to be just right for waking up. According to this, it can be seen that the screenwriter on the first film vaguely heard the wind blowing after being drunk, but he didn't remember it when he woke up. At dawn, this is a silver world. The poet immediately imagined a bumper harvest scene with thousands of cars screaming from the association of snow omens and bumper years, and was happy that the people could eat enough. The next film goes back to the scene of attending a banquet the day before. Geisha's green sleeves are as white as catkins, with faint snowflakes floating in the middle. Her rosy lips are more vivid after drinking, just like ripe cherries. The poet, on the other hand, is celebrating and singing, rubbing his frozen hands, caressing his white beard and thinking a lot. It is worth mentioning that the poet's typical action of sucking "hand tweezers and frosting beard" greatly enhances the image and meaning of art and profoundly reveals the sufferings of the lyric hero in a specific relegated environment. This worried image, covered with green sleeves and bright crimson lips, is in sharp contrast and richer in meaning. Generally speaking, the first one is more lively, and the second one is more profound and graceful. The emotional expression in the first part reminds me of the silent image in the second part. The focus of the film is the last silent image. They echo each other, showing the poet's activities and mood day and night. The accurate image of words is also the characteristic of this word. For example, the word "don't remember" seems insignificant, but the word "sober up" is cut out, which shows the obscurity of drunkenness. The word "Dan Ling" accurately expresses the good wishes arising from the association caused by real scenes. "Rotten cherry beads", with the word "rotten", vividly depicts the rosy lips after drinking.

7. Huanxisha-Su Shi

Xuzhou Shitan thanked the rain and wrote five songs on the road. Tancheng is 20 miles east of the city, which often corresponds to the increase or decrease of turbidity in Surabaya. Seeing the fish in the dark red sun, even the village turned green and black, and the yellow children and the old people got together. Although elk are not used to meeting people, apes don't need to bark when they smell drums. When they come back, they will talk to Sanggu. Turn on the red makeup to see the princess, the 3355 barbed fence door, rows of hairpin passing through the skirt. Young and old help the wheat harvest club, Wu Yuxiang Dance God Village, and the road is drunk at dusk. The hemp leaves are shining layer by layer, who cooks cocoon fragrance village? The fence is charming and the words are distorted. Hang a white stick and lick your eyes? ? Soft and hungry, when will the bean leaves turn yellow?

Appreciation of Su Shi's Ci

In the first year of Yuanfeng (1078), a serious spring drought occurred in Xuzhou. As the magistrate of Xuzhou, the author went to Shitan for rain, thanked the rain in Shitan after rain, and passed through the countryside along the way. This group of words "Huanxisha" is the impression on the way to Ji, with five characters, and the following are the first three. The first one is about the scene at night and the situation where the old and the young get together and watch it too well. The first sentence is about exploring jade. The sunset, especially red and big, also dyed the pool red. Because it just rained, the pool water increased and a large number of river fish poured in. They seemed eager for the warmth of the sunset and swam to the surface one by one. If the fish is graceful, it also says that the water in the pool is clear. It should be compared with when the water is turbid and there is no fish in the drought. Looking from the stone beach, village after village, green trees, only crows can be heard, but there is no shadow. The hard-to-see pond fish disappeared, and the easy-to-see faint crow disappeared. It was written that the scenery in the country was one of the new after the rain, which also revealed the author's happy mood. Write three sentences. Children have yellow hair and old people have white heads, so they are called "yellow children Old Man", which is a part of the crowd gathered to thank the rain. The word "see what you want" follows the word "eye". Looking up at your face with your eyes open means joy. I ching Yu Gua "Yu Xu" and "Shu": "Nothing means. Those embarrassed, happy looks. " This also coincides with the meaning of the sentence "Huang Tong is old, warm and happy" in Han Yu's poem "Yuanhe Shengde". From the joy of childlike innocence, we can see everyone's joy and express the author's mood of "being kind to others". Then, the next film wrote a grand occasion to thank the rain, breaking the silence of Lintan. The "Elk" who often goes to the pool to drink water suddenly meets someone and runs away in horror. Festive drums attracted naughty "apes". "Not used to" and "don't shout" are in harmony in interest, and the two modes are vivid. It's helpful to show an atmosphere of peace and joy. The old people in the mountain village are simple and wooden, and they are somewhat "unaccustomed" when they first know the state, while the children are lively and active. When they heard the drums at the beginning of the ceremony, they rushed to each other and "didn't cheer" like apes. When they go home, they will excitedly tell the story of the day to those "Caisang Valley" who failed to witness the grand occasion. The theory of returning to mulberry valley is an extra story and full of fun. Ci is to write natural scenery such as the sun, villages, ponds, trees, fish, birds, apes, deer and other animals, Huang Tong, Bai Zuo, Cai Sanggu and others and their activities, woven into a vivid picture. Crimson, green and dark, yellow and white are used alternately in the last film, which makes the picture vivid and pleasing to the eye. The next movie is both empowering and comparing. Although the whole world is not paved with rain, there is no such thing as happiness and rain. This shows the originality of manual selection management. The first five sentences are actually written, and the last one is imaginary, which is meaningful and meaningful. The second song is about what I saw on Xie Yu's road. The first part wrote about the lively scenes that appeared after I entered the village. The first sentence said that the village girl dressed up in a hurry to see the satrap. Xuan Mo depicts a young girl's desire and excitement to meet a government official for the first time. In the next two sentences, I wrote that the girls in the village were competing to see the satrap, and even their beloved Siro skirt was trampled by the crowd. This writing not only reflects the enthusiasm of the scene, but also shows the concentration of the spirit of the onlookers. The last film depicts a very interesting and vivid rural genre painting in just a few sentences. The next one is about fields and ancestral temples, which is another scene. The villagers, old and young, helped each other and came to the land temple where wheat was threshed. They thanked God for the rain and prepared wine and food. The rest of the offerings attracted greedy kites, and the village chief could not hover. These two details show the joy brought by the happy rain. The conclusion is a close-up. At dusk, an old man was drunk on the side of the road. This is in contrast to the first two sentences: busy and idle, more and less, distant view and close-up. But it's also typical. As drunk as a fiddler is the result of happy drinking, which reflects a general happy mood. Although the "envoy" in the poem is only a foil role, his mood of sharing happiness with the people is also vivid on the paper. The third part is about the scenery and pastoral scenery of the summer resort, which shows the peasants' joy in overcoming drought and hunger, and the poet's broad mind of sharing happiness with the people. The first film was about agricultural activities. The first sentence is about crops in the field. "(Asphalt) is a kind of marijuana." Layers of hemp leaves are written in a variety of ways. "Ye Guang" means that the leaves are moist and shiny, and the two languages have different meanings, which is the reality of crops after rain. Judging from the specific cash crops, it is early summer, and it is the season when spring silkworms get old and harvest cocoons. So there was cocoon cooking in the village. The smell of boiled cocoons is so strong that only those who harvest happily can smell it completely. Before arriving at the farmhouse, the village chief smelled the cocoon, and "Who cooked the cocoon" conveyed a fresh and curious feeling. In fact, there is more than one cocoon. "The language of" A Village Fragrance "is more affectionate. When you walk into the village, you can hear the charming and happy laughter of the silk girl through the fence. "The name of the worm in this proverb, namely winding weft, is also called spinning mother, and its sound is very beautiful. When used here to refer to the silkworm girl, it feels poetic and meaningful. Although only one farming activity, such as cocoon cooking and silk reeling, is written here, we can see the joy of farmers after the rain from one side. In the next interview of "Farmer's Life", the writer needs to know that the old white man is leaning on a quinoa stick, and his old eyes are as blurred as drunk. After the new wheat ("Le Qing") is mashed, it is ground into powder to eat, so the cloud is "soft and hungry". The word "soft" here means "giving food". See Guang Yun. It can be seen that life in the village is still difficult, which shows the author's concern. A simple question, endless. These words have distinctive local colors, full of rich flavor of life, natural and fresh style, healthy and simple artistic conception. Although the poet only described two or three aspects of the rural midsummer scenery, his brushwork always revolved around farming and farmers' lives, especially crops directly related to farmers' lives, such as hemp, silkworm and wheat beans, from which we can see the poet's extraordinary skills in selecting and refining themes.

Eight. Huanxisha-Su Shi

After the rain, the grass is tender and fresh, and the sand is light and clean. When do you clean the coupling?

Mulberries are splashed in the warm day, and the wind is like wormwood. Stone is the middleman.

Distinguish and appreciate

This word is the last poem written by the author Xie Yu in Xuzhou, and it describes the poet's feelings when he returned from a patrol. Ci poetry shows the poet's style of loving the countryside, caring for people's livelihood and sharing weal and woe with the people. As a work with rural life as its theme, this poem has a simple and fresh style, which completely breaks through the barrier of "Ci is a colorful theme" and contributes to the change of pronoun style in Yi Song and the development of rural Ci. The first two sentences of the last movie, "The grass is soft and the sand is slippery after the rain, and the sand is light and the road is clear", not only describe the softness of the grass and the lightness of the sand, but also describe the author's comfortable and relaxed feeling in this fresh and pleasant environment. After a long drought, there was a shower. The road after the rain is "soft grass and slippery sand", full of oil, green water and spirit, especially fresh; A thin layer of sand on the road surface is clean and dust-free after the rain, and riding is very comfortable. Touched by this beautiful scenery, the author blurted out: "When will the coupling be cleaned up?" "Coupling tillage" refers to two people plowing together and compiling The Analects. Weizi: "Long Ju, Jie Drowning and Tilling." Chang Ju and Jie Shui were two hermits in the late Spring and Autumn Period. Because they saw the decline of the world, they lived in seclusion. Here, Packing Up for Farming not only shows Su Shi's love for rural pastoral life, but also reflects his bumpy career and ideological contradictions when he is not satisfied politically. The next sentence, "The sun is warm, the mulberry shines like a splash, the wind comes, and wormwood is fragrant", which opens up the artistic conception and writes the vigorous scene of the field from the road. In the spring sunshine, Sang Ma is thriving, flashing attractive green light; A warm wind, with the incense of mugwort, came to the nose and made people feel heart and lung. These two sentences are neat and neat, and the method of pointing questions is clever. To write the scenery of Rizhao Sang Ma, first "touch" it with a brush: daub it "as light as a splash" in a large amount, and try to render the vigorous scene in the field after the spring rain clears; The next sentence also uses the method of stippling, first pointing out the scenery of "wind comes to Artemisia argyi", and then rendering its fragrance "like fumigation". Use a real pen for "light as spray" and a virtual pen for "gas as smoke". Virtual and real, color and fragrance, fun. "Let Yuan Jun be the middleman" is a word, a finishing touch and a sublimation pen. It not only reveals the ideological origin of the author's "packing up and farming", but also deepens the author's love for rural life. As an "envoy", it is really commendable that the author can not forget that "Yuan is a middleman" and is willing to do so. The structure of this word is not only different from the first four, but also different from other similar words. The first four words of Huanxisha are all landscape narratives, and there is no direct lyric and discussion, but the author's joy is contained between the lines. This song is written in the form of intertwined scenery and lyrics. In the first two sentences of the last movie, the screenwriter saw the scenery in the Tao and then touched the scene, which naturally aroused his desire to return to farming; In the first two sentences of the next movie, the screenwriter saw the pastoral scenery and naturally touched the scene, taking into account "when to clean up the coupling" and thought that "Yuan was the middleman". Writing in this way not only integrates the whole word with the scene, but also deepens the sublimation of the feelings of the word layer by layer. In particular, the words "soft grass makes the rain fresh" and "the sun warms the mulberry like a splash" are even more superb, implicit and meaningful.