Four Big Stoves China’s Four Big Stoves

The previous four major furnaces in China were Chongqing, Wuhan, Nanchang, and Changsha. In 2019, the new four major furnaces were updated, namely Chongqing, Fuzhou, Hangzhou, and Nanchang.

The Four Furnaces refer to the four cities with the hottest weather in China. They are the names for the four major Chinese cities with the hottest summer weather. They are generally concentrated in the Yangtze River Basin in southern China and the Huanghuai River in northern China. area. It first started during the Republic of China. At that time, Chongqing, Wuhan, Nanchang and Changsha in the upper, middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin had hot summers, so they were known as the "Four Furnaces". As climate changes and weather stations move, so do the city lists.

The term "stove" first reflected the public's intuitive feelings, and there has been no clear definition and standard for a long time. After the 21st century, furnace cities began to use heat index, number of high temperature days, number of consecutive high temperature days, average maximum and minimum temperatures in summer as factors for selection. In 2019, the new four major stoves will be updated, namely Chongqing, Fuzhou, Hangzhou and Nanchang.

Judgment criteria for China’s Four Hot Stoves:

The New Four Hot Stoves announced in 2010 are an analysis and study of “hot cities”, taking into account factors including the heat index (a major An index that considers the comprehensive impact of temperature and relative humidity on human comfort), the number of high temperature days, the number of consecutive high temperature days, the average highest and lowest temperatures in summer, etc.

Scientifically, the number of days with high temperatures above 35°C, as well as extreme high temperature values ??and relative humidity are used to measure the heat of a city. There are more than 20 days with the highest temperature exceeding 35°C in a year. Moreover, there have been high-temperature weather above 40℃, and people call such cities "furnaces".

Different from indicators such as the number of extreme maximum temperatures or high-temperature weather (daily maximum temperature 35°C), the heat index comprehensively considers the impact of temperature and relative humidity on human comfort, and has a unique calculation formula. Usually It is believed that the greater the heat index value, the more uncomfortable the human body will feel. Because under high temperature conditions, if the air is dry, heat can be dissipated through sweating and the evaporation of sweat, but if the air humidity is too high, the efficiency of the person's cooling system will decrease, and the sweat cannot evaporate away, making you feel very uncomfortable. .

Nanjing, Chongqing, Wuhan, Nanchang and other cities do rank at the top of the list for hot days every year. According to statistics, the four major cities have an average of 19.3 days per year of high temperatures above 35°C in summer, and an average of 4.5 days per year of high temperatures above 37°C; an average of 13.2 days per year of minimum temperatures above 28°C at night, and an average of 13.2 days per year of minimum temperatures above 30°C every year. 1.9 days. Coupled with the sweltering heat of "no wind in the city", it is no wonder that it has the name of "stove".

After the China Meteorological Administration announced the "New Four Furnaces" in July 2013, some people in the industry questioned that it was inappropriate to only use the number of high-temperature days to represent the "furnace" cities. Temperature, humidity, wind speed, high temperature duration, Factors such as nighttime temperature must be taken into consideration, especially the "sensory temperature" that ordinary people can best understand. Rather than a "stove", it might as well be replaced by a "heat index".

Reference for the above content: Baidu Encyclopedia-Four Big Stoves