When is the most fun time in Yalong River?

The best time of Yalong River: high mountains and valleys, with annual average temperature of 1 1.5℃ to 12.8℃. In the plateau area, the average temperature in Leng Yue is below -5℃, the average temperature in the hottest month is 10℃ to 12. 1℃, and the lowest temperature in the whole year is 1 month, which can reach -27℃. The best travel time is April, May 9 and June 5438+ 10.

Western Sichuan is a world of mountains, most of which are mountains and steep cliffs. The Yalong River developed in this strange land. The character that makes it gallop and roar.

Yalong River was called Ruoshui and Lushui in ancient times. Because it resembles its mother, Jinsha River, it is also called Xiaojin Jiang Sha. The Yalong River originates between Ni Jannack Mountain and Donglagang Mountain in Bayankala, Qinghai. The white snow and ice melted and merged into a trickle, which became its upper source. When it entered Sichuan near shiqu county, its official name was Yalong River.

The total length of Yalong River is about 1500 km. After Nikon flows into Sichuan, it basically flows south, passes through shiqu county, which has the largest area, the highest altitude and the lowest temperature in the province, and reaches Ganzi County where the second and fourth armies joined forces during the Red Army's Long March, and then roars and roars in the endless canyon. Passing through Xinlong County, which is famous for its gold production, heading south: after enjoying the magnificent scenery of Jiang 'an Mountain in Yajiang County, it flies over Gongyi Mountain, the first peak in Sichuan at an altitude of 7566 meters, and comes to Baidiao, Muli County, which is rich in good wood, and surrounds Jinping Mountain with a sharp bend of 100 degrees, forming the famous Yalong River bend. The big river estuary enters Mianning County, and General Liu Bocheng of Yi region and the leader Jorda form an alliance by blood, bravely squeezing through the canyon formed by the mountain and Yak Mountain, and rushing for thousands of miles. Over the steel city of Panzhihua, into the arms of Jinsha River. Yalong River is in Sichuan1375km.

Yalong river basin is located in the south of Qinghai-Tibet plateau, with a width of 1000 ~ 200km from east to west and a length of more than 900 km from north to south, showing a long and narrow shape. The drainage area is about 1.300 square kilometers, and the part in Sichuan is 1.630 square kilometers. There are mountains and plateaus with an altitude of 4500 ~ 5500 m in the north, east and west of the basin, and canyons with an altitude of 1000 ~ 1500 m in the south. According to the geomorphological characteristics, it can be said that the upper reaches above Ganzi, the middle reaches from Ganzi to Dahewan and the lower reaches below Dahewan are the lower reaches.

The topography of the Yalong River basin is extremely complex, with undulating hills and gentle slopes in the upper reaches and broad grasslands in the valley. Here, the river is relatively flat. Slow down in the wide and shallow valley. The river is crystal clear and full of colorful spots under the sunlight. Its northern shore is the Shiqu, Seda and Zoige hilly plateau with an altitude of more than 4,000 meters. It presents a grassland landscape where the sky is gray and the night is boundless, and the wind blows the grassland to see cattle and sheep. May ~ 65,438+00 every year is a good season for grazing, and flocks of cattle and sheep are in harmony with the white clouds. However, in the middle reaches, the terrain is cut deeper and deeper, the valley is narrower and narrower, and the river is flying around like an arrow, jumping wildly, especially under the Yajiang River. The steep rocks and deep valleys are closely intertwined, and the height difference between the peaks and valleys is as high as two or three kilometers. Even the yellow crane is difficult to walk at such a height, and the apes are trying to climb. In the middle of the river, the rapids are continuous, there are countless reefs, the waves splash and the waves sound like thunder. It can really be said that waterfalls compete for propaganda, and ice rock fossils are thunder. After Yanyuan crossed Jinyuan River, the bank slope was relatively gentle and the river surface gradually widened.

Yalong river basin includes three geological structural units. The vast area in the middle and upper reaches belongs to Ganzi Aba fold belt, and there are extremely thick middle-upper Triassic shallow metamorphic rock series. Sandstone and slate form NNE tight folds, and a small amount of Permian limestone is distributed in the fold axis and fault zone, and occasionally Yanshanian granite is exposed. 1On June 8, 967, a large-scale shear landslide occurred between the gray-black argillaceous slate and the medium-thick sand layer of the Triassic Xikang Formation in Tanggudong, right bank of Yalong River. The sliding height difference is 1000 m, the area is 1.7 km2, and the whole sliding body is about 68 million cubic meters. Due to the steep sliding bed, most of the sliding bodies sneaked into the Yalong River in only 5 minutes, forming a natural dam. The left bank was 355 meters high and the right bank was 175 meters high, which blocked the river for 9 days. When the natural dam burst due to backwater, waves as high as 40 meters surged down, but the forecast was timely. In addition, the population along the river is small, causing no heavy casualties, the downstream mainstream and the western region. It belongs to the Yalong River fault zone and is a series of fault blocks divided by northeast faults. Carbonate rocks, shallow metamorphic rocks and basalts are exposed from Lower Paleozoic to Upper Paleozoic. The Anninghe area in the east of the lower reaches is a part of Kangdiantai anticline, which is mainly composed of pre-Sinian granite schist and metamorphic rocks. The basic structural line is north-south, surrounded by some Silurian sandstone slate, limestone and Jurassic sandstone.

There are two strong earthquake areas in the basin, one in the upper reaches of Daofu, one in Luhuo, one in Ganzi and one in Xinlong. 1February 6, 973, a major earthquake occurred in Luhuo. The other is in Anning Valley in the east of the lower reaches, and the seismic intensity is as high as 10. The intensity in most other areas is 6 ~ 7. The climate of the Yalong River Basin is mainly influenced by the upper westerly atmospheric circulation and the southwest monsoon. Due to the great difference between the northern and southern latitudes, the climate conditions in the basin are very complicated. The northern plateau has a dry and cold continental climate, with few clouds, strong sunshine, long winter, indistinct seasons and distinct wet and dry seasons. It snows all year round in most areas, with an average annual temperature of 0. The south-central part of the basin belongs to subtropical climate, with distinct dry and wet conditions and obvious vertical climate change. In the same area, the mountainous area is wet and rainy, the temperature is low, the valley is sunny and dry, the temperature is high, and the temperature decreases with height. It can be said that one mountain has four seasons, and ten miles are different.

There are many tributaries of Yalong River, with 290 tributaries with a drainage area of 100 square kilometers, of which 5 tributaries with a drainage area of 500 square kilometers are1. The main tributaries of the basin area greater than or close to 10000 square kilometers are Xianshui River, Litang River, Woluo River and Anning River, among which the largest tributary on the left bank is Anning River, which originates from Yak Mountain in Yangluo Snow Mountain in the north of Tuowu, Ganmianning. It was called Sunshui in ancient times and Anning River in Qing Dynasty. It has two sources, called Kebie River in the east and Zhongjiang River in the west. After the reunion of overseas Chinese in Tuowu, it was named Anning River. The main stream of Anning River flows through Mianning, Xichang, Tongdechang and Shiqian, and joins the Yalong River near Dapingdi below Xiaodeshi in Panzhihua City, with a total length of 326 kilometers.

The Anning River basin is banded, with an area of1.1.2000 square kilometers. The upper reaches of Mianning Bridge, the middle reaches near Mianning to Dechang Huangshui Reservoir, and the lower reaches below Huangshui Reservoir.

Ning 'an Valley is known as the second largest plain in western Sichuan and also as the granary in southwest Sichuan. The land here is fertile, rich in heat, abundant in sunshine and rainfall. The annual sunshine is 2000 ~ 2600 hours; Annual average temperature15 ~ 20℃; The annual rainfall is 900 ~1400 mm; The frost-free period is 280 ~ 320 days: it is suitable for the growth of various crops and economic trees. It is an important commodity production base for the development and construction of grain, sugar, flue-cured tobacco, sericulture, subtropical fruits and early special vegetables. It was listed as one of the key areas of national land development and construction 17 before 2000.

The existing cultivated land in the basin is10.2 million mu, and the cultivated land to be cultivated is 6 million mu, making the per capita land occupation reach 23.63 mu, which is nearly three times that of the whole province. Developing these cultivated lands and building water conservancy facilities are of great significance to the agricultural development in Sichuan. According to experts' calculation, if the irrigation in this area is guaranteed after the completion of the upstream Da Qiao Reservoir, the grain output can be increased by 6.5438+0.9 million tons per year on the basis of existing cultivated land; 400,000 tons of morning specials.

The Anning River basin is not only fertile and suitable for crop growth, but also rich in water resources. According to the forecast, the annual average flow of the estuary is 234 cubic meters per second, and the natural drop is 1250 meters, which is suitable for developing hydropower resources. According to the plan, the upstream can be divided into six levels of development, and the downstream is a three-level low dam development plan.

Yalong River is also the cleanest river among all major rivers in Sichuan, with the least sediment, and the average combined sediment for many years is only 0.5 kg/m3. Keep white, green, blue and clear all the year round.

Due to its special geographical environment and climatic conditions, the Yalong River basin is rich in natural resources. Among them, hydropower, biology and mineral resources are the most famous.

The focus of Sichuan forest region is Jinsha River, Yalong River and Dadu River basin. There are 6910.4 million mu of forest land in Sanjiang Basin, accounting for 68% of the forest area in the province, while the forest resources in Yalong River Basin are the richest in Sanjiang Basin, with a forest area of 28.935 million mu, accounting for 42% of the forest area in Sanjiang Basin. The forest stock is 313.56 million cubic meters, accounting for more than 40%. The Yalong River basin has a large proportion of virgin forests, excellent tree species and rich provenances. There are mainly spruce, fir, Chinese fir, hemlock, Chinese pine, Pinus massoniana, Betula platyphylla, Betula platyphylla and so on. Especially spruce and fir. Their trunks are straight and straight, generally reaching more than 50 meters, and DBH is mostly 70 ~ 80 cm. They have the advantages of light weight, strong texture and strong wear resistance, and can be used not only as materials for buildings, bridges, ships and vehicles, but also for airplanes and musical instruments.

In the Yalong River basin, there are many precious animals, such as giant pandas, red pandas, white-lipped deer, lynx, wildebeest, red-crowned cranes, and a large number of roe deer, pheasants, marmots, otters, bears and monkeys. There are a large number of medicinal plants in Linhai, such as Cordyceps sinensis, Saussurea involucrata, Fritillaria, Angelica sinensis, Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, Rhizoma Coptidis and ginger, which are the treasure house of medicinal plants in western Sichuan. Precious velvet antler, musk, bear gall, leopard bone, etc. , the source is also very rich. In addition, the Yalong River basin is also rich in many forest products, such as walnuts, peppers, apples, pears, oranges, raw lacquer, chestnuts and so on.

The mineral resources of Yalong River basin occupy an important position in China. There are vanadium-titanium magnetite, iron-rich ore, lead, tin, nickel and other non-ferrous and ferrous metals; There are also precious metals such as gold, silver and platinum and rare metals such as lithium, beryllium, niobium, barium and uranium. Coal, crystal, marble and other mineral deposits are also stored in large quantities.

Yalong River basin has the largest iron ore reserves. Only from Panzhihua to Xichang, there are six large vanadium-titanium magnetite deposits with huge mineral resources. Some ore bodies are more than 200 meters thick and hundreds to thousands of meters deep. Moreover, the mining areas are mostly distributed on the Chengdu-Kunming line, with convenient transportation and large-scale open-pit mining. Liangzi Iron Mine in Yanyuan Mining Area is one of the three iron-rich mining areas in our province: Daofu, Litang, Xinlong, Mianning and Muli. It is the origin of placer gold and rock gold in the province. Shiqu, Mianning and Jiulong are also rich in copper, lithium, rare earth and coal deposits. These rich mineral resources will play an important role in promoting modernization with the deepening of reform and the progress of science and technology.

Among the numerous resources in the Yalong River basin, the most striking is its rich water resources.

Yalong River beach is full of water, abundant in water and with large natural drop. Water resources are very abundant. Yalong River runoff is composed of rainfall, groundwater and snowmelt water. Rainfall is half of the sum of groundwater and snowmelt water. Generally, the upstream is 600 ~ 800 mm, and the midstream is 1000 ~ 1800 mm, of which Gongga Mountain and Xiaoxiangling Mountain in the east can reach1500 ~1700 mm. The downstream area is 900 ~1300 mm. Rainfall makes the Yalong River runoff abundant and stable, with little interannual change. During the period of water quantity estimation, the flow rate is relatively stable. According to the analysis of hydrological data of Xiaode Hydrological Station 18, the annual average flow rate is 1550 m3/s, the maximum annual average flow rate is 2330 m3/s, and the minimum annual average flow rate is1220m3/s. The annual runoff change is1/kloc-0. The annual water volume of Yalong River is 57 billion cubic meters, accounting for 13% of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. In the process of1.375km in Sichuan, the natural drop is 31.92m, and the average slope is 2.32. After the establishment of People's Republic of China (PRC), through the hard work of water conservancy workers, a lot of investigation work was carried out on the water resources of Yalong River, and the development plan was formulated, which provided a scientific basis for the rational development of wood resources.

According to the census data, the theoretical hydropower reserves in Yalong River basin are 33.72 million kilowatts, including 33.44 million kilowatts in Sichuan, accounting for 99.2% of the whole basin, of which the theoretical hydropower reserves in the main stream are 22 million kilowatts, and the potential hydropower resources in the whole basin are 24.94 million kilowatts.

Yalong River is a treasure house of hydropower resources and is listed as one of the top ten hydropower bases in China. Mofanggou Power Station has been built, with an installed capacity of 37,500 kilowatts and an annual power generation of 230 million kWh. Ertan Hydropower Station under construction, with 6 installed units, with a total capacity of 3.3 million kilowatts and an annual power generation of 654.38+0.7 billion kWh, is the largest hydropower station in China. The dam is 240 meters high and belongs to the highest dam currently built in China. Ertan Power Station has convenient transportation, superior construction conditions, superior kinetic energy index and remarkable economic benefits. Its completion will make an important contribution to the industrial production of our province and the development of rich mineral resources in Panxi area.

In this river basin, * * * has a population of more than two million. The cultivated land area is about 2.9 million mu, the grazing land is 64.92 million mu, the wasteland suitable for farming is/kloc-0.0 million mu, and the grazing land is 90 million mu.

Due to the geographical differences in river basins, the socio-economic development of the upper, middle and lower reaches is quite different. The middle and upper reaches are widely distributed and sparsely populated, which is one of the animal husbandry bases in Sichuan. The population in the downstream area is concentrated, and industry and agriculture are developed. In recent ten years, iron and steel, national defense and transportation have developed rapidly, which are the key areas of China's third-line construction. The scenery along this big river is colorful and there are many famous cities. Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture is an important part of the lower reaches of Yalong River. At present, Quanzhou has built 29 small and medium-sized reservoirs, 7,322 diversion weirs and 3,247 mountain ponds. Stone river weir 103, farmland irrigation area of1657,000 mu. The construction of water conservancy projects has promoted the great development of agriculture, with the total agricultural output exceeding 900 million tons and the total grain output exceeding 990,000 tons. The per capita net income of farmers is close to that of 300 yuan. Especially the newly-built small hydropower station in the local area has brought happiness and light to the people of Liangshan. By the end of 1988, there were seven small hydropower stations in Quanzhou, with a total installed capacity of10/07000 dw. Well formed a local power grid centered on Xichang. The development of small hydropower provides energy for local industries and township enterprises in Liangshan, promotes the rapid development of industry, and forms an industrial system with metallurgy, machinery, coal, chemicals, building materials, leather and paper as the main body. Small hydropower has also brought electricity to 8 1% towns, 58.2% villages and 55.4% families in Quanzhou rural areas, which has promoted the construction of material civilization and spiritual civilization in mountainous areas.

Xichang is an important city in the Yalong River Basin and the capital of Liangshan Prefecture. This highland town surrounded by mountains has a history of more than two thousand years. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), the ancient city was full of youth. Urban construction has taken on a new look, with rows of high-rise buildings, novel and unique. At night, the sky is high and the clouds are light, and the moon is big and round. When the moon rises out of Qiongchi Lake, the sky is bright and I am excited to enjoy the moon by Qionghai. It really feels like the moon in the sky, the moon in the water and the moon in the water.

Qionghai is the second largest freshwater lake in Sichuan, with an area of 3 1 km2. Clear springs on the surrounding mountains and underwater waves gather in the lake, making the clear and transparent lake water show different colors in different seasons and periods, which is very spectacular. After the rain cleared, I came to Qionghai to overlook the railing. The water is vast, and the jubilant fish are shining silver in the sun. The towering Shanghai Mountain in the distance is lush, and there are more than 1,000 ancient temples 10 on the mountain, such as the Thousand Buddha Hall, the Civil and Military Baiguan, and the Kuixing Pavilion. It's really beautiful.

Driving 60 kilometers north from Xichang is the satellite launch center. This world-class launch center was chosen in Xichang because of its unique climate and good launch angle. 104 month in a year is the best time to launch a satellite. In the tall, spacious and bright factory building of the test station, we can see the cz-3 made in China lying quietly. This is the rocket used by 1986 to launch the satellite in February. The launch scene can be clearly seen on the screen of the command hall, and the data display screens on the left and right sides can display the operation data and trajectory at any time. Now, xichang satellite launch center has opened to the outside world and received tourists from all over the world.

Luoji Mountain, tens of kilometers southeast of Xichang, is said to be open, while Emei Mountain is closed. The main peak is more than 4000 meters above sea level, and the mountains are like forests. There are huge valleys, strange stones and phosphorus on the deep shore, which are varied and interesting. The magical five-color Haizi, the lush fir forest and the rare round camellia with nine cores and eighteen petals in the world are amazing. Climbing to the top of the mountain and watching the red sun rising in Ran Ran, Ran Ran, is like a sea of clouds, which makes people linger.

The hot spring waterfall in Luoji Mountain is a must. A waterfall more than 20 meters high jumps over the second floor of the cave, forming two natural hot springs. When the temperature is above 35℃, the water around the waterfall is steaming. Under the sunlight, red, orange, yellow, green, blue and purple rainbows can be seen in the rising hot fog, printed on the monkeys playing by the rocks, as if to put a sacred halo on the monkeys, which is a great feeling of entering a fairyland. There are also rare ancient glacial remains in the world on Luoji Mountain, which is the most complete and clear area where the Quaternary glacial remains were preserved 2.5 million years ago. Glacier landforms are magnificent, the blade ridges are sharp, the scale is grand, and there are many tinder, which is another wonder of Luoji Mountain.

There are many natural scenic spots in the middle and upper reaches of Yalong River. In Jiulong County, Wuxuhai Scenic Area, known as the Pearl of the Plateau, attracts attention. In this scenic spot, there are endless virgin forests, exotic flowers and plants all over the mountains and lovely birds and animals. There are ten major landscapes in Wuxuhai, namely Haizi, Grassland, Xuefeng, Hot Spring, Foye Peak, Chulong Cave, Laoren Peak, Twelve Sisters Peak, Guanyin Rock and Stone Statue.

In Ganzi County, there are beautiful Nitou Mountain, the second sacred mountain of Tibetans, Ganzi Temple, Dajin Temple, Baili Temple and other temples built during the reign of Kangxi, and Dege Yinjing Academy, which is well-known at home and abroad and is known as the cultural treasure house of Tibetan people. This unique structure, the yard is full of columns and painted walls. Built in the seventh year of Yongzheng in Qing Dynasty, it has a history of more than 250 years. Many monks and scholars from India, Nepal and Sri Lanka came here to study classics. The School of Printing has the richest edition of books, reaching more than 300,000 kinds. There are two world-famous Buddhist silk books, Ganjul and Danjul, as well as various works on philosophy, astronomy, medicine, art and music, which are extremely important materials for studying Tibetan history and culture.