Britain and Italy in the eighteenth century

-Explore and discover the Ashmoline Museum, Oxford University, UK (10)

Hall 49 on the second floor of the Ashmoline Museum introduces Britain and Italy in the18th century.

Classical art and architecture have been highly respected since16th century. Italy is widely regarded as a place to appreciate (and often get) the best art ever.

In the18th century, the grand parade was a journey of discovery to Italy, which usually lasted for one year or more. Generally, young aristocrats finish their studies. During the trip, they entrusted famous artists to paint portraits and landscape paintings for them, and collected replicas of antiques and masterpieces.

These souvenirs of the grand parade-unforgettable experiences-are prominently displayed in country houses in England and Ireland. Artists such as panini, Batoni, canaletto and Canova are especially favored by patrons and collectors.

Many British artists, such as Joshua Reynolds or Joseph Nollekens, have visited Italy. In Rome, Venice and other cities with prosperous art markets, they can meet artists and new customers from all over Europe.

Francisco? Gualdi (17 12- 1793), Pope pope pius vi prays for the crowd in Paolo Square, Campo Deiberson Geovanni, Venezia, oil on canvas ~

Provided by Chambers Hall, 1855.

The Venetian government commissioned four paintings by Gualdi to commemorate Pope pope pius vi's historic visit in May 1782. The Pope stayed in Giovanni Paul's Dominican Monastery and blessed him on exquisite stairs and balconies specially designed for this occasion.

Gualdi described an exciting moment when the crowd moved forward. Some people leaned out of the window, and some people stood on the boarded canal. In order to add more charm and drama to the scene, he lengthened the proportion of the building and the statue of Lome Coloni.

This set of paintings was probably sold after the collapse of Venice in 1797, and these paintings were bought by British collectors in the following decades.

Sir Joshua Reynolds (1723- 1792) James Paine (171789) and his son James (1745-/kloc-0).

The legacy of James Paine Jr., 1834.

James Paine began his career in Lord Burlington's circle. On the basis of Venetian architect Andrea Palladio (1508- 1580), Lord burlington popularized a kind of classical architecture in Britain. Paine is an architect of many country villas. His father and son are studying the plan of the ninth generation Duke of Norfolk to build a pavilion at Walker Thorpe Manor.

The color and design of this portrait is based on the portraits of Venetians, especially Tintoretto and Willoni. Reynolds investigated Italy from 1750 to 1752. Artist Sir David Wilkie later said, "If Reynolds had never seen Italy, would he still do it?"

John glover (1767- 1849), Arcadia scenery, about 1825, oil painting on canvas ~

In memory of Hans and Gerta Kalman, it was presented anonymously on 20 17.

This romantic Xanadu landscape pays tribute to past masters such as Claude Lorraine and Richard Wilson with its classical temples and atmospheric lighting. John glover was one of the most important figures in the art world during the British Regency. He traveled to France, Germany and Italy, and then opened his own gallery in London on 1820.

From 65438 to 0830, Glover and his family moved to Launceston, Tasmania, Australia, and adapted to his unique style in a new and unfamiliar environment. He is famous for describing Australian nature, immigrant life and indigenous culture.

Anton raphael mengs (1728- 1779) Giuseppe Flantz, oil on canvas ~

According to the cultural gift plan, it was accepted by the British government and allocated to ashmolean museum, 20 19.

Mons was an early advocate of European neoclassical style. He studied in his hometown of Dresden and worked as a court painter for Saxony election officials from 175 1 to 176 1. His long experience in Italy, his meeting with Johann Joachim Winckelmann, a pioneering classical art historian, in 1755 and his subsequent friendship greatly influenced his style.

In the early 1970s, Mons painted many informal portraits for his friends and colleagues. The sculptor Giuseppe Francci (173 1- 1806) here has a bust of Homer. He is very famous in Roman antiques, knows winkelmann, and is also a collector of plaster models of classical antiques.

Antonio Canova (1757- 1822), ideal head, marble sculpture, 18 16 ~

Inspired by classical sculpture, Canova made exquisite carved heads, which represented a beautiful and exquisite ideal. This is one of the four works he created for British collectors in the later period of his career.

18 15, Pope pope pius vii sent Canova to Paris to recover the works of art taken away from Italy by Napoleon. William richard hamilton, a diplomat, gave great help in Canova's mission. The artist gave him this bust as a token of gratitude. He carved Latin on the back of the bust.

Giovanni Paolo panini (169 1- 1765) Roman Rhapsody, Oil on canvas ~

Panini's Roman fantasy ("Capricorn") puts famous ancient buildings and sculptures in an imaginary grand ruin. These paintings are very popular with British tourists as souvenirs of their sightseeing in Rome.

You can see the Colosseum, Trajan Column and Titus Arch in the distance. Statues of Farnese Hercules, Hercules and Hydra, as well as Flora farnese, form the background, which provides the background for the lively gathering of the washerwoman and other figures. But a famous moral sermon story is also being told. On the left of the picture is an almost naked man sitting and watching a boy drink water with his hands. He is the representative of the philosopher Diogenes, the most basic necessity of Diogenes' life. Even after he realized that he could drink water without a cup, he threw it away.

Pompeii Batoni (1708- 1787), Portrait of David garrick (171779), Oil on canvas ~

1763- 1765, the famous actor and playwright David and his wife went to Italy. 1764, he entrusted the fashion painter Pompeo Batoni to paint this portrait for him. Most of the British noble tourists who came to Rome were painted by Pompeii.

Garrick gave this painting to Richard Kay in exchange for an ancient gem engraved with the mask of Dionysus, which Kay had just discovered in a bathing place in caracalla. Garrick pointed to an illustrated comedy by Terrence, an ancient Roman playwright. He wore a drama mask. Terrence's comedies mostly involve complicated love stories and are very popular in Britain.

Giovanni Paolo panini Studio (169 1- 1765), Polo Square in Rome, oil painting on canvas ~

Passengers from the north will enter Rome through Popolo Square. Facing them is the Twin Towers Church, with Santa Maria di Montevideo on the left and Santa Maria di Milaco on the other. After that, three streets extend to the city center.

The red granite Egyptian obelisk was moved from the circus square to the square on 1589. On the left high, you can see the Medici Villa and the SS. On the far right is the dome of the Pantheon. Colorful figures from all walks of life prove the diversity and vitality of Rome.

This painting was adapted from a painting by panini in 174 1 and is now in Kansas, designed by Gaspar van Vettel. Many versions of this view were produced by his studio and followers for the big tourism market.

Painting in Hall 50, second floor, Ashmoline Museum ~

From Nature: Sketch of Italian Landscape Oil Painting

In the 1950s, when French students in Rome were encouraged to draw small oil paintings on paper as part of their training, the practice of painting landscapes outdoors became popular. Some British artists follow their example, especially Thomas Jones. Most of these paintings are private records of light and weather, and they are never intended for public exhibition. 1In the 1920s, Koro's oil painting sketches had a profound influence on international artists in Rome.

Most of the works in this gallery are groundbreaking collections of John Kiel and Charlotte Kiel. John Kiel (192 1- 1995) was the first to realize that landscape oil painting sketch is a unique genre with its own unique charm, definition and attribution.

Painting in Hall 5 1 on the second floor of Ashmoline Museum, from nature: landscape oil painting sketch ~

In the 1950s, when French students in Rome were encouraged to draw small oil paintings on paper as part of their training, the practice of painting landscapes outdoors became popular. Some British artists follow their example, especially Thomas Jones.

Later, in Britain, Turner and constable and their contemporaries conducted rapid outdoor research. Most of these paintings were created as private records of light and weather at specific times of the day, and they were never intended for public exhibition. With the development of19th century, the difference between sketches and paintings on display became blurred until it disappeared with the appearance of Impressionism.

Many works in this gallery are generously borrowed from the pioneering collections of John Kiel and Charlotte Kiel. It is John Kiel (1922- 1995) who first realized that landscape oil painting sketch is a unique genre with its unique charm and problems.

Hall 52, second floor, Ashmoline Museum,18th century art ~

1700 to 1800 years ago, British and European paintings, sculptures and applied arts were mainly used for domestic exhibitions, and were exhibited here. At that time, the whole of Europe was an era of exquisite luxury. As a leader in the fashion world, the French have set an eye-catching example, which is reflected in well-made single items. In daily life scenes, drama themes and portraits, lively expressions are the characteristics of many participating paintings, among which Antoine Eduardo, william hogarth and Giambattista Tiepolo are the most famous.

During this period, British art reached a new height. Portrait art is very popular in the works of artists such as Joshua Reynolds and Thomas Gainsborough. Innovators like josiah wedgwood, a Potter in Staffordshire, and matthew boulton, a metalwork entrepreneur in Birmingham, applied the method of industrial revolution to the production of fashion products, thus improving the taste of neoclassicism.

On the west wall are a group of expressive heads and portraits, many of which are from the collection of Froua Valsecchi. They are arranged in a large exhibition, which reminds people of the characteristics of private collections.

Joseph wright in Derbyshire (1734- 1797) Anne Parker, 1785, Oil on canvas ~

Collection by selfish people, 20 15.

Joseph wright's customers are mostly businessmen or industrialists from Liverpool, Derby or surrounding areas.

Anne Parker (1768- 1807), the daughter of robert parker in Kuiden, appeared in a forest accompanied by a dog, which is a symbol of loyalty. She wears a ribbon on her left wrist with relief on it, but her face is not clear. Her gorgeous silks and satins did not reflect the contemporary costumes, but added an eternal elegance to the portrait. This kind of clothing style and pearls that decorate the model's hair are the favorite elements in Wright's female portrait.

Benjamin West (1738- 1820), Moses and the French table, probably 1780, oil painting on paper ~

The American-born artist stayed in Italy for three years, studying the works of Italian masters. This huge oil painting was commissioned by George II in 1780. It is a preliminary painting of an oil painting with a height of 18 feet. This oil painting will be hung in the Royal Church of Windsor Castle. Bathed in the dramatic light, Moses accepted the Ten Commandments of God on Mount Sinai, while the Israelites cowered at the foot of the mountain.

Claude Joseph Vinette (1714-1789), scenery and bathers on the river, 1768- 1770, oil painting on canvas ~

The Legacy of Francis falcone Martin, 1962.

This painting was exhibited in the salon in Paris in 177 1 and was one of two paintings commissioned by 1768 Jean-Joseph de la Borde, and paid for in September 1770. These supporting works show the scenes of female bathers in the upstream and male characters on the shore. The landscape setting in Vernet reminds people of the rugged and picturesque scenery familiar to tourists from Rome and Naples.

Main introduction ~

Hall 49:/kloc-Britain and Italy in the 0/8th century. /kloc-the grand parade in the 0/8th century and the discovery trip of young British aristocrats to Italy left unforgettable experiences and created brilliant works of art. ..

Exhibition Hall 50-5 1 Landscape Oil Painting Sketch from Nature. Outdoor landscape painting became popular in11950s. 1In the 1920s, Koro's oil painting sketches had a far-reaching impact on Roman artists. Later, in Britain, Turner and constable and their contemporaries conducted outdoor research. Most of these paintings are created as private records of light and weather at specific times of the day.

Hall 52 introduces the art of18th century. Paintings and sculptures from Britain and Europe are on display. During this period, British art reached a new height. Portrait art is very popular On the west wall of the exhibition hall is a group of expressive heads and portraits.