Grafting technology of ginkgo biloba

Ginkgo twig grafting refers to grafting propagation with the twigs of the current year as scions in the growing season. Compared with hard branch grafting, this grafting method has higher survival rate, greater growth of new shoots than bud grafting and longer grafting time, so it is an efficient grafting technology. The technical points are as follows.

1, grafting time

June-September, but the grafting effect is the best in August. At this time, the tender branches are thick and full, rich in nutrition, the interface heals quickly and the survival rate is high. Grafting should be carried out on cloudy and sunny days with low temperature, not on rainy days and noon with hot weather, otherwise the survival will be affected.

2, scion preparation

Scions should be collected from improved variety cutting nursery or excellent mother tree, and new cuttings with full buds should be cut from the middle and upper part of the crown periphery of mother tree. Cut off the leaves of the scion, keep the petiole, align the base, bundle it into small handles, and keep the base moist with a wet cloth. Scions should be picked as they are picked, and those that can't be picked that day should be stored in the refrigerator or in a cool and ventilated place for moisturizing.

3, rootstock selection

2 ~ 3 years old seedlings, cuttings and tillers can be used as rootstocks. The selected rootstock requires strong growth, straight seedlings, strong resistance and high adaptability. The height of rootstock seedlings varies with different cultivation objectives: early fruiting and close planting, grafting position of about 1.0m, and required seedling height of about1.5m; Garden planting, joint position 1.5-2.0m, seedling height 2.0-2.5m；; ; Road greening, grounding position is about 2.5m, and seedling height is about 3m.

4. Grafting method

Commonly used are splitting and cutting, and the operation methods are as follows:

(1) splicing. (1) Cut the ear. Cut a section with 2-3 buds on the scion, cut a wedge-shaped section with a length of 2-3cm from both sides of the lower bud, and cut it into a flat mouth 0.5cm above the upper bud of the scion. (2) cutting the anvil. Cut the rootstock joint flat, and split it longitudinally in the middle of its section, with a depth equal to the cutting length of the scion. (3) binding. Insert the cutting surface of the scion into the crack of the rootstock, so that at least one surface of the cambered layer of the scion and the rootstock is aligned, and then tie the joint with plastic film tape.

(2) cutting. (1) Cut the ear. Cut a section of 2-3 buds from the scion as the scion, cut a 2.5cm long bevel on the lower side of the scion and a 1cm long bevel on the opposite side. (2) cutting the anvil. Cut the rootstock joint flat, select one side with the same width as the cutting surface of the scion on the cross section, and cut it down longitudinally, and the cutting depth is equal to the length of the cutting surface of the scion. (3) binding. Put the long section of the scion inward, insert the cut of the rootstock to make it match, align the cambered surface, and then tie the joint with plastic film tape.

5. Post management

Check whether you are alive in the second half of the month. If the petiole falls down at the touch, it will survive. If it can't survive, it must be repaired in time. After the joint is completely healed, the bandage should be removed. It is necessary to regularly wipe off rootstock buds, strengthen fertilizer and water management, prevent and control pests and diseases in time, and promote the growth of grafted plants. When the new buds of the scion grow to about 25 cm, they should be protected by inserting poles to prevent wind folding.

6. Related matters

Because the shoots are not completely lignified, the grafting and binding should be bound with thin plastic film tape, and the binding should be stable and not too tight, so as not to damage the scion and affect the survival. Shoot grafting can also be used for high grafting, and shoots with high lignification degree can also be grafted subcutaneously.