What is the unique geographical environment of Guangdong?

I. Characteristics of natural geographical environment:

1, Guangdong Province is located at the southernmost tip of Chinese mainland. It borders Fujian in the east, Jiangxi and Hunan in the north, Guangxi in the west and the South China Sea in the south. The east and west sides of the Pearl River Estuary border Hong Kong and Macao Special Administrative Regions respectively, and the Leizhou Peninsula in the southwest faces Hainan Province across the Qiongzhou Strait.

2. The whole territory is located between 2013' and 25 31'north latitude and 0/09 39' ~1719' east longitude. The land area of the whole province is 179800 square kilometers, accounting for about1.87% of the national land area; Among them, the island area 1592.7 square kilometers, accounting for about 0.89% of the province's land area.

3. There are 759 islands with a coastal area of more than 500 square meters in the province, second only to Zhejiang and Fujian provinces, ranking third in the country, with 163 1 open reefs and dry reefs. The coastline of the whole province is 3368. 1 km, ranking first in the country.

4. Most of the mountains in Guangdong Province are consistent with the geological structure, and most of them run from northeast to southwest. There are large and small valleys and basins between the mountains. The Pearl River Delta Plain is the largest, followed by Chaoshan Plain, and there are alluvial plains such as Gaoyao, Qingyuan, Yangcun and Huiyang. These platforms are distributed in Leizhou Peninsula-Dianbai-Yangjiang area and Haifeng-Chaoyang area.

5. Guangdong Province belongs to the East Asian monsoon region, which has subtropical climate, subtropical climate and tropical climate from north to south, and is one of the regions with the richest light, heat and water resources in China. Floods and droughts often occur, and the impact of typhoons is more frequent. Low temperature and rainy weather in spring, cold dew wind in autumn and cold wave frost from late autumn to early spring are also frequent disastrous weather in Guangdong.

Second, the characteristics of human geographical environment:

Since 1 and 1978, Guangdong has taken the lead in implementing the reform and opening-up policy in China, which has promoted the rapid and coordinated economic development. It has become the largest economy province in China, one of the regions with the most developed market vitality and investment attraction, and the Pearl River Delta region has become a world-famous processing and manufacturing export base and one of the first choice regions for industrial transfer in the world.

2. Guangdong culture has a long history and is the main body of Lingnan culture. It occupies an important position and role in the development history of China's national culture. It is one of the most distinctive and dynamic regional cultures in the splendid culture of the Chinese nation. ?

3. Lingnan culture consists of four parts: root culture (language identity culture), Baiyue culture (inherent local culture), Central Plains culture (Chinese culture in the Central Plains moving southward) and overseas culture (foreign culture), with rich and colorful connotations.

4. Guangdong culture covers Lingnan architecture, Lingnan gardens, Lingnan painting school, opera music, arts and crafts, folk festivals, religious culture, food culture, language culture, overseas Chinese culture and many other contents. Geographically, it is divided into Guangfu culture, Guangdong Hakka culture and Chaoshan culture.

5. The language situation in Guangdong is rather complicated. In addition to Yao, Zhuang, She and Hua slogans, and Chinese dialects with unknown attribution, such as Laohuazheng dialect, Junhua dialect and Shaozhou dialect (Peyo dialect), Cantonese (including Nenggu dialect) and Hakka dialect (including Ya dialect) are mainly popular, which retain rich characteristics of ancient Chinese and have their own characteristics.

Extended data

The administrative planning features of Guangdong Province are as follows:

1. There are 2 1 prefecture-level cities in Guangdong Province, which are divided into the Pearl River Delta, East Guangdong, West Guangdong and North Guangdong, among which the Pearl River Delta: Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Foshan, Dongguan, Zhongshan, Zhuhai, Jiangmen, Zhaoqing and Huizhou; Eastern Guangdong: Shantou, Chaozhou, Jieyang and Shanwei; Western Guangdong: Zhanjiang, Maoming, Yangjiang and Yunfu; Northern Guangdong: Shaoguan, Qingyuan, Meizhou and Heyuan.

2. Among the cities under the jurisdiction of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou is a national central city, Shenzhen is a city under separate state planning, Shenzhen, Zhuhai and Shantou are special economic zones, and Guangzhou and Zhanjiang are the first batch of coastal open cities in China.

3. Guangdong Province is divided into 122 county-level administrative regions, including 65 municipal districts, 20 county-level cities, 34 counties and 3 autonomous counties. Among them, Shunde District of Foshan City was piloted by Guangdong Province as a county directly under the jurisdiction of the province, and the financial system of Shunde District directly under the jurisdiction of the county was implemented. Shunde District enjoys the administrative law enforcement authority of prefecture-level cities, which will be directly assessed by Guangdong Province and scored separately.

Baidu encyclopedia-Guangdong