Haiyan, the biggest typhoon in the world.

Typhoon is a devastating natural disaster. Fortunately, it can predict emergency signals and make people fully prepared for prevention. When the typhoon hit, it tore the whole world like a demon. So do you know when the biggest typhoon in the world happened?

Typhoon Haiyan (No.20 super typhoon in 20 13)

Super Typhoon Haiyan (English: Typhoon Haiyan, international code: 1330, Joint Typhoon Warning Center: 3 1W, Philippine Atmospheric Geophysics and Astronomy Administration: Yolanda, local Chinese translation: Yolanda) is the 28th named storm in the typhoon season of 20 13 in the Pacific Ocean, which is the largest in the western Pacific on record. ? Haiyan? One is provided by China, which refers to the petrel bird. Haiyan overtook Typhoon Catfish on 20 10 and became the strongest tropical cyclone recorded in the northwest Pacific. At first, the Hong Kong Observatory said that the maximum sustained wind speed near the center was 260 kilometers per hour (calculated by the average wind speed 10 minute), but actually it was only 10 kilometers per hour, which was lower than 270 kilometers per hour of Catfish. Later, more? June tropical cyclone summary 20 13+0 1? The intensity of Haiyan was revised upwards to 275 kilometers per hour, 5 kilometers higher than that of Catfish. According to the assessment of China Central Meteorological Observatory, the maximum sustained wind speed near the center is 270km/h (calculated by the average wind speed of 2 minutes), which is 10km/h, which is higher than that of Catfish (260km/h). Later, on June 438+04, 1965, the typhoon track and intensity were updated to 280km/h, which was 20km/h higher than that of catfish. The Joint Typhoon Warning Center also assessed that the maximum sustained wind speed near Haiyan Center was 3 15km/h (calculated by the average wind speed of 1 min), which was higher than that of "Haiyan". Haiyan once reached T.80 in dvorak analysis. If the evaluation intensity of the official meteorological department in the following table is comprehensively considered, the peak intensity of Haiyan is higher than that of Catfish and Taipei (but the pressure is higher than that of Taipei) but tied with Typhoon Patricia.

Typhoon landing

Super typhoon haiyan landed at 4: 40 am on October 8, 20/KOOC-0//KOOC-0/3/KOOC-0, with the maximum wind speed of 275 km/h (average of/KOOC-0/0 minute) and the maximum gust of 379 km/h (average of/KOOC-0/minute) near the center. If these data are confirmed, it will be the strongest landing platform in the world.

As Haiyan landed in the Philippines at the peak, Haiyan became the tropical cyclone with the highest wind speed when it landed on record in the world. The gale and its large-scale storm surge caused devastating damage in the central Philippines. Officials confirmed that more than 665,438+000 people were killed. A police officer in Leyte province of the Philippines estimated that about 100 people were killed, and the Philippine Red Cross even claimed that the number of missing people was as high as 25,000. 1 After the storm, the death toll in the disaster area continued to increase.

Strong typhoon? Haiyan? 201165438+1October 10 at 8: 00 am, its center is located in the central and western South China Sea, about 155 km east-south of Sanya, Hainan Province, and the maximum wind force near the center is 14 (42 m/.

2013165438+1October 1 1 Haiyan? It landed on the coast of Xia Long, Quang Ninh province at 5: 00 a.m., and the maximum wind force near the center was 13 (40m/s). Enter Guangxi at 9 a.m.

According to the introduction of the Disaster Relief Department of Guangxi Civil Affairs Department, as of June 0 1 14: 30, the affected areas were Haicheng and Hai Yin in Beihai, Shangsi and Dongxing in Fangchenggang, Pingxiang in Chongzuo, Jiangnan and Shanglin in Nanning, with a total of 28,900 people affected, requiring emergency relocation and resettlement. 7 houses in 3 households collapsed, 6 houses in 4 households were seriously damaged, and 40 houses in 28 households were generally damaged; The direct economic loss is 710.04 million yuan.

In addition, according to the introduction of Guangxi Meteorological Observatory in June 1 1, it was affected by? Haiyan? And from 8: 00 on 10 to 9: 00 on 1 1 0, heavy rain occurred in southern Guangxi, and heavy rain or heavy rain occurred in some areas. Among them, there are 8 townships with rainfall exceeding 200-300mm, among which the rainfall of Dongzhong Town in Fangchenggang is 45 1 mm, that of Long Fu Township in Fangchenggang is 389mm, that of Shiwanshan Park in Shangsi County is 320mm, that of Nanping Township in Shangsi County is 320mm, that of Taiping Town in Lingshan, Qinzhou is 308mm, that of Anxiang in Shangsi County is 304mm, and that of Beihai Port in Haicheng District is 304mm in diameter. There are 9- 10 winds and gusts 12- 13 winds in Beibu Gulf, and 6-7 winds and gusts10/2 winds in parts of southern Guangxi.

Affected by heavy rainfall, the water levels of many rivers along the southern coast of Guangxi rose rapidly. The super-warning water levels of Fangcheng River, Beilun River, the upper reaches of Mingjiang River and Wuli River, tributaries of Nanliu River, are between 0. 13 m and 2.26 m respectively, and the highest flood level of Dongxing River exceeds 8 m (warning water level is 5 m) around1. Guangxi Hydrology and Water Resources Bureau said that due to the impact of rainfall, the water level of rivers in southern Guangxi continued to rise, and coastal areas should be prepared to cope with heavy rains and floods and local flash floods in small and medium-sized rivers.

Suffering? Haiyan? Impact: From1October 20110 at night to 1 1 day, there will be strong winds of magnitude 7-9 in the central and western South China Sea, Beibu Gulf, Qiongzhou Strait and the coast of Hainan Island, the coast of western Guangdong and the coast of Guangxi. Haiyan? The wind force in the sea area near the center is 12 ~ 13, and the gust can reach 14 ~ 15. There are heavy rains in Guangxi, Hainan Island, southwestern Guangdong, central and southwestern Hunan, central and northern Jiangxi, southeastern Guizhou and other places, including heavy rains in parts of southern Guangxi, Hainan Island and Leizhou Peninsula, and local heavy rains.

Strength weakening

The center of Haiyan165438+1October 1 1 landed on the coast of Xia Long, Quang Ninh province, and entered Guangxi at 9: 00. 10 became a strong tropical storm in Ningming county, Guangxi, 1 1 became a tropical storm and became a tropical depression at 8: 50.

Stop numbering

Haiyan 1 1 became a tropical depression in Nanning, Guangxi at 20: 00, and then its intensity continued to weaken. The central meteorological observatory stopped numbering it at 20 13 1 1 23.

Color development method

On October 201311210, a tropical disturbance occurred in the southwest of Marshall Islands. On the morning of the same day, the US Naval Research Laboratory gave the disturbance number 99W. At 2 pm, the joint typhoon warning center gave it the opportunity to form a tropical cyclone within 24 hours? Low? Rating. At 8 pm, the Japan Meteorological Agency upgraded it to a low-pressure area.

165438+1At 8: 00 am on October 3, Japan Meteorological Agency upgraded it to a tropical depression. 10: 30am, the joint typhoon warning center upgraded its development probability to? Medium? . At 1: 30 pm, joint typhoon warning center issued a tropical cyclone warning to it. At 5pm, joint typhoon warning center upgraded it to a tropical depression and numbered it 31w.

165438+1At 3: 30 in the morning of October 4, the Japan Meteorological Agency issued a gale warning at sea. At 9: 00 a.m. 15, Japan Meteorological Agency upgraded it to a tropical storm and named it Haiyan. In the morning 1 1, it was upgraded to a tropical storm by the typhoon warning center.

165438+1At 8: 50 am on October 5, Japan Meteorological Agency upgraded it to a severe tropical storm. 1 1 in the morning, and the typhoon warning center upgraded it to a first-class typhoon. In the afternoon 1 1, the typhoon warning center upgraded it to a second-class typhoon.

165438+1At 2: 45 am on October 6, Japan Meteorological Agency upgraded it to a typhoon. At 5 am, the joint typhoon warning center upgraded it to a category 3 typhoon. At 6:5438+0 1 in the morning, joint typhoon warning center upgraded it to a category 4 typhoon. In the afternoon 1 1, the typhoon warning center upgraded it to a category 5 typhoon, which is the fourth category 5 typhoon in the northwest Pacific this year after Typhoon Tiantu, Typhoon Fansco and Typhoon Lichima.

165438+1At 7: 00 on October 8, Haiyan landed on the coast of Dulag, Geitai province. In the afternoon 1 1, the typhoon warning center downgraded it to a level 4 typhoon. 165438+1at 5: 00 pm on October 9, the joint typhoon warning center downgraded it to a category 3 typhoon.

165438+1October 10 at 5 am, the joint typhoon warning center downgraded it to a second-class typhoon. At 5 pm, the joint typhoon warning center downgraded it to a first-class typhoon.

165438+1October 1 1 At 2: 50 am, the Japan Meteorological Agency downgraded it to a severe tropical storm and landed in the coastal area of Xia Long, Quang Ninh province. In the morning 1 1, the typhoon warning center downgraded it to a tropical storm and issued a final warning. At 2: 50 pm, the Japan Meteorological Agency downgraded it to a tropical storm. At 8: 50 pm, the Japan Meteorological Agency downgraded it to a tropical depression. In the afternoon 1 1, China Central Meteorological Observatory stopped numbering it.

165438+1October 12 At 2 am, the Japan Meteorological Agency said that Haiyan had dissipated.

typhoon influence

The highest tropical cyclone warning signal in the Philippines: No.4 storm signal.

1 On the afternoon of October 6th,11,the Philippine Atmospheric Geophysical and Astronomical Administration listed Haiyan, which has entered the responsibility scope, as a typhoon, released the first tropical cyclone information, named Yolanda, and released the storm signal1.

165438+1at 5: 00 am on October 7, the Philippine meteorological department issued the No.2 storm signal. In the morning 1 1, the Philippine meteorological department issued the No.3 storm signal. At 5 pm, the Philippine meteorological department issued the No.4 storm signal. Haiyan is the second time since February that it issued the highest-level storm signal No.4 after Typhoon Tiantu hit Bataan Islands.

165438+1At 7: 00 on October 8, Haiyan landed on the coast of Dulag, Geitai province.

165438+1At 5: 00 am on October 9, the Philippine meteorological department cancelled the No.4 storm signal and No.3 storm signal. At 1 1 in the morning, the Philippine meteorological department cancelled the No.2 storm signal. At 3: 30 pm, Haiyan broke away from the responsibilities of the Philippine meteorological department, released the last tropical cyclone information, and lifted the storm signal 1. Official figures, latest death toll 1744. However, some officials estimate that at least 65,438+00,000 people died in Dulu Bay, the hardest hit area. According to the estimation of the Philippine Red Cross, the number of victims in Duluwan may exceed 1000, and almost all houses in the city were destroyed. In the central province of samar, an estimated 200 people were also killed. The estimated death toll in ruitai Province may exceed 10000.

165438+1October 1 1, the Philippines entered a state of disaster. More than 20 countries and international organizations joined the rescue operation.

20165438+1October 15 A disaster report at 6 a.m. said that Haiyan had caused 2360 deaths and 3853 injuries in the Philippines, and another 7 1 person was missing 20165438+/kloc-0. Haiyan has caused 363 1 deaths, 12487 injuries and 1 179 missing in the Philippines. Among them, 6.5438+0.87 million people were displaced and still receiving assistance inside and outside the refuge center. The number of damaged houses has also greatly increased to more than 270,000, of which 1.5 million houses were completely destroyed.

2013165438+1On the morning of October 27th, the Philippine National Disaster Reduction Committee announced that rescuers had found 260 bodies of victims in the central provinces. The death toll caused by Haiyan in this country has risen to 5,500, with another 1757 missing and nearly 30,000 injured. According to the Disaster Reduction Committee, 207 of the new dead were from Tacloban City, Wright Province, one of the hardest hit areas.

20 13 13 Wu rongquan, executive director of Taiwan Province international affairs association, said? Republic of China? The government donated $200,000 at the first time, and contacted non-governmental organizations to donate materials. Department of Defense? C- 130 transport planes were quickly dispatched to load ***680 metric tons of materials in batches (* * 18 sorties), and warships were also dispatched to transport more than 500 metric tons of materials to the Philippines. As of yesterday, the value of disaster relief donations from all walks of life and materials donated by the authorities, the government and the people reached NT$ 300 million (about US$ 65.438+million). Tzu Chi People's Medical Association has also been put into the disaster area to provide medical treatment for the affected people. On the 20th, Tzu Chi Foundation began to promote in Dulu Bay, one of the hardest hit areas? Working for unemployment benefits? It has accumulated nearly 200,000 person-times, which has gradually put the reconstruction life of the victims on the track. Residents can rebuild the disaster area together, assist in transporting materials and cleaning the streets, and heavy machinery can be stationed for further cleaning. Tzu Chi gave great encouragement to the victims who rebuilt their homes with their own strength. The US Wall Street Journal reported on the homepage of the United Nations Humanitarian Relief Web page that Tzu Chi charities in Taiwan Province Province helped Filipino victims rebuild. The victim said: Money will be spent one day, but the trust and hope you brought us will remain in our hearts forever.

From the night of 20 13 12 17 to the morning of 18, residents in Tacloban, the hardest hit area of Haiyan, held a candlelight memorial service for the deceased.

Viet Nam

Haiyan landed on the coast of Xia Long, Quang Ninh province at 5 am on June 1 1. 165438+ 10/0 During Haiyan's attack on central Vietnam, six people were killed, including a reporter who reported the storm. 2013165438+10 month/16: 00,? Haiyan? The center is located at 2 1.3 degrees north latitude and 0/07.3 degrees east longitude, which is in Quang Ninh province in northern Vietnam. The maximum wind force near the center 12, reaching the wind speed of 35 meters per second. The lowest air pressure in the center is 970 hectopascals, and the radius of the 8-level gale range is about 220 kilometers. ? Haiyan? In the future, it will move to the north at the speed of 15 km per hour, and its intensity will gradually weaken.

The highest local tropical cyclone warning signal in Chinese mainland: Typhoon red warning signal/KOOC-0/65438+/KOOC-0/October 8/KOOC-0/0, the Central Meteorological Observatory issued a typhoon blue warning signal. 165438+1At 6 pm on October 8, the Central Meteorological Observatory changed the yellow warning signal of typhoon. 165438+1October 9 10, the central meteorological observatory changed the orange warning signal of typhoon. 165438+1October 10 at 3 pm, the central meteorological observatory changed typhoon red warning signal. 165438+1October 1 1 At 6 o'clock in the morning, the Central Meteorological Observatory changed the orange warning signal of typhoon. In the morning 10, the Central Meteorological Observatory changed the yellow warning signal of typhoon. At 6 pm, the Central Meteorological Observatory changed the typhoon blue warning signal. 165438+1October 12 At 6 o'clock in the morning, the Central Meteorological Observatory lifted the blue warning signal of typhoon.

Guangdong

Local highest warning: typhoon blue warning signal: Maoming, Dianbai.

Typhoon yellow warning signal: Leizhou, Xuwen, Zhanjiang, Suixi, Wuchuan and Lianjiang.

Hainan

The highest typhoon warning signal in the province: typhoon orange warning signal

2013165438+10 in the afternoon,? Haiyan? Passing through Hainan, there was a general rainstorm or even a heavy rainstorm in Hainan Island, among which Qiongzhong was hit by a heavy rainstorm, which was rare in the same period of history.

Monitoring shows that the rainfall in some parts of central Hainan is very fierce. By the time of 2065438+0165438 2065438+01October 05, the 24-hour rainfall in Qiongzhong reached 278 mm, which was a heavy rain, which was rare in the same period in history. In addition, the precipitation in Lingshui is 233 mm, and the precipitation in Sanya 174 mm has reached the magnitude of rainstorm. The rainfall in Haikou, the provincial capital, has also reached 99.7 mm, which is close to the magnitude of rainstorm. According to the statistics of historical data, such heavy rainfall in Hainan in June is rare, 5438+065438+ 10. 2013165438+10/0? Haiyan? Near, parts of southern and western Hainan enter Haiyan? In the core wind circle, gusts of magnitude 8 or above generally appear in Hainan Island, and the gust wind force in Sanya even reached 16 at one time. Affected by heavy rain, flights at Sanya Phoenix International Airport and haikou meilan international airport were delayed in a large area, and traffic and electricity in Sanya were once interrupted. According to the South China Sea. Com, as of 1 10:20, Sanya Airport had affected flights 147 (including 84 arrivals and 63 departures), 57 departures were cancelled, 27 delayed flights (5 alternate flights), 48 departures were cancelled and 65,438 delayed flights+.

Guangxi

The highest typhoon warning signal in the province: typhoon orange warning signal

Typhoon? Haiyan? It entered Guangxi at 9: 00 am on June 5438+0 1 day, and weakened into a severe tropical storm in Ningming County, Guangxi at 2 10, that is, 2 1.9 degrees north latitude and 0/07.4 degrees east longitude. Maximum wind force near the center 1 1 (30m [2]? Haiyan? It will move to the north-north direction at a speed of about 15 km per hour, and gradually turn to the east direction after 20 13 in the evening, and the intensity will gradually weaken. 20 165438 10 +0 165438 from noon on March 3 to noon tomorrow, there will be strong winds of magnitude 7-9 in northern Beibu Gulf, south-central Guangxi and coastal areas, with gusts of magnitude 10, and some sea areas or regions will have165433. There are heavy rains in Guangxi, central and western Guangdong, southeastern Guizhou, most of Hunan, central and northern Jiangxi, and northwestern Fujian. Among them, there are heavy rains in parts of Guangxi, western Guangdong and southwestern Hunan, and heavy rains in parts of central and eastern Guangxi (100-230mm).

Suffering? Haiyan? Many flights in Nanning were delayed, and 1 1 expressway was interrupted.

165438+1October 1 1, typhoon? Haiyan? As a result, many flights at Nanning Airport were delayed, some buses from the highway passenger station to Beihai stopped, and 1 1 professional highways in the whole region were interrupted. At 9: 00 am on June 5438+0 1, the rain and wind at Nanning Airport continued to increase, causing five flights from Chengdu, Chongqing, Kunming, Haikou and Shanghai to alternate to Guiyang, Guilin and Guangzhou, and arrived in Nanning after 4 pm, delaying for 3-6 hours, affecting the travel of more than 600 passengers. On that day, the 12 departure flights from Nanning to Beijing, Shenzhen, Xi 'an and Guiyang were delayed to varying degrees, but the delay time was not long.

Influenced by the peripheral circulation of Haiyan and the northeast monsoon in Taiwan Province Province, the seaside in New Taipei City, Taiwan Province Province appeared. Crazy dog waves? 16 people fell into the sea near Longdong Geopark, and 8 of them died after being rescued. The huge waves caused 8 deaths and 8 injuries.

Hong Kong and Macau

Affected by Haiyan's extensive circulation and northeast monsoon, Haiyan entered the South China Sea. Although it is still more than 900 kilometers away from Hong Kong and Macao, it began to blow strong easterly winds in the evening of165438+1October 9, and the highlands were more affected by strong winds. The three cross-sea bridges in Macao also began to blow strong winds continuously. At that time, the east wind was blowing in Hong Kong instead of the northeast wind, so Haiyan dominated the strong wind in Hong Kong, more than the northeast monsoon. However, before Haiyan entered Hong Kong within 800 kilometers, the Hong Kong Observatory failed to issue a tropical cyclone warning signal. The Observatory issued a strong monsoon signal at 7: 00 10 that night. Haiyan entered the range of 800 kilometers away from Hong Kong at about 4 am the next day (165438+ 10/0), and the strong wind in Hong Kong lasted for more than 75 hours. However, due to the limited threat of Haiyan to Hong Kong and its weakened intensity, the Observatory failed to issue a tropical cyclone warning signal. Strong winds in many areas have caused great waves along the coast of China. Some people ignored the red flags hanging on the beach and the warnings of lifeguards and insisted on swimming. 1 People were swept away by big waves and disappeared. The young man who was swept away was found outside the shark prevention net on June 1 65438+1October1day at about 4 pm, and his death was confirmed.

Although Haiyan landed in northern Vietnam, it moved eastward and the northeast monsoon strengthened. June165438+1October1Hong Kong's wind became stronger, which was widely affected by strong winds. There was a short-term strong wind offshore, and the highlands (such as Ngong Ping) once approached the storm level. Four of the eight designated automatic weather stations in the tropical cyclone warning signal wind network of the Observatory have detected strong winds. If the Observatory issues a tropical cyclone warning signal, it means that the tropical cyclone warning signal No.3 has reached the standard. The maximum average wind speed of 10 minute recorded at Cheung Chau, Airport, Kai Tak and Sai Kung is 57, 52, 42 and 4 1 km per hour respectively. On the other hand, the wind in Macao also continued to strengthen, and the Geophysical and Meteorological Bureau hoisted a strong monsoon signal at 3: 30 pm that day. As the wind in Macau gradually weakened the next day (165438+ 10/2), the Meteorological Bureau removed the strong monsoon signal at 6: 30 pm the next day. During the day, many areas in Hong Kong were still hit by strong winds, but the winds in Hong Kong finally eased at night, and the Observatory cancelled the strong monsoon signal at 10: 45 that night.

National defense guide

1. The government and relevant departments should do a good job in typhoon prevention and emergency rescue according to their duties; 2. Stop large-scale indoor and outdoor gatherings and outdoor dangerous operations such as high altitude; 3. Take active measures for water operations and passing ships in relevant waters, strengthen port facilities, and prevent ships from anchoring, grounding and collision; 4. Reinforce or dismantle structures that are easily blown by the wind. Personnel should not go out at will, ensure that the elderly and children stay in the safest place at home, and the dangerous house personnel will be transferred in time. 5. Relevant areas should pay attention to prevent flash floods and geological disasters that may be caused by heavy precipitation.

Permanent retirement The Philippine Atmospheric Geophysical and Astronomical Administration retired Yolanda because the storm killed more than 6,000 people there. At the 46th annual meeting of the Typhoon Committee held from 29 October to 29 February, 20 141,the Typhoon Committee also adopted a decision to? Haiyan? Retired. Adopted at the meeting on 20 15? White deer? Substitution; At the same time, the Philippine Atmospheric Geophysics and Astronomy Administration also put the local name? Yolanda? Retired.