Is Guangdong suitable for growing grapes? What should we pay attention to in management?

Cantonese people like to pick grapes, which has caused a grape planting boom. So what kind of grapes are suitable for Guangdong? According to relevant data, Guangdong is suitable for planting varieties such as Kyoho, Summer Black Sunshine Rose, Golden Finger, Drunken Golden Fragrance, Red bharathi and Oriental Star.

1, Jufeng

Jufeng is a European-American hybrid, which originated in Japan. 1959 was introduced to China, and it was widely promoted in China, accounting for more than 50% of the country's table grape planting area. In Guangdong, Jufeng is also very popular with fruit farmers, accounting for about 40% of the grape planting area in Guangdong.

Kyoho has thick skin, soft pulp and high sugar content. It is purple-black and has strawberry flavor when it matures.

In the process of planting, it is suitable for pruning medium and long branches. Kyoho grape has strong adaptability, good disease resistance and cold resistance, but it is easy to drop flowers and fruits, with low fruit setting rate, serious size and grain phenomenon, and easy to crack fruits in the later stage. Picking the core before flowering can effectively improve the fruit setting rate. In recent years, a series of varieties have been cultivated with Kyoho as the parent. There are more than 20 varieties with a certain cultivation area in China, including Fujiminori, Queen Bee, Gaoqi, Honey Juice, Zizhenxiang, Red Fuji, Xiahei Seedless, Zaoshengmo and so on.

Average price of seedlings is 4 yuan/plant. Qin Zhijin, a grape grower in Zhaoqing, said that one of the main reasons for the decline in the quality of Kyoho grapes is the high yield. Generally, the per mu yield of Guangdong vineyards is controlled at 2,500-3,000 Jin, and the current price is around 25 yuan/Jin.

2. Black in summer

Similar to Kyoho, Xiahei is a European-American hybrid, originally from Japan, but was introduced to China in 2000. It is widely recognized by consumers because of its sweet and refreshing taste. It is one of the main varieties planted in Guangdong at present, accounting for about 30% of the grape planting area in Guangdong.

Summer black hard meat has no seeds, thick and crisp skin, slightly sour skin, purple juice, sweet and crisp taste, purple black after maturity, and strawberry flavor.

In the process of planting, short shoots should be trimmed. Summer black plants have strong growth potential and strong disease resistance, but they are easy to drop flowers and fruits, with low fruit setting rate, which requires high cultivation techniques. The ear needs gibberellin and pyraclostrobin to swell, and it has commercial value only after at least two treatments, mostly after flowering and physiological fruit drop.

The average seedling price of 4 yuan/plant is better than that of 10 yuan/plant. Jing Tian, the chief agronomist of Dongjiang farmers' vineyards, revealed that vineyards usually choose plants that perform well in orchards to graft new seedlings. The average yield per mu of Guangdong vineyards is about 2,500 Jin, and the current price is about 30 yuan/Jin.

3. Sunshine Rose

Sunshine Rose is a European-American hybrid, originating in Japan. In recent years, it has been introduced and popularized in China. After being introduced into Guangdong, it was quickly accepted and may become an updated and popularized variety. However, due to the lack of experience of most fruit farmers in planting this variety, there are only a handful of vineyards successfully planted in Guangdong.

This variety has tender meat, no astringency, medium-thick peel, thin fruit powder, high sugar content, large fruit grains, yellow-green to yellow after maturity, and rich rose fragrance.

In the process of planting, gibberellin treatment can make the fruit seedless, long branches can be pruned to obtain higher yield, and short branches can also be pruned. According to Jing Tian, sunshine roses planted in many vineyards in Guangdong have no rose fragrance and low sweetness. The main reason is that the labor of thinning flowers (generally about 60 flowers), fruits and vegetables, secondary branches, fruit preservation and other links is not fine enough, and the introduction time of Sunshine Rose is short. Guangdong lacks technicians with experience in planting this variety of grapes, so the orchard can't adjust the management plan with the weather changes in time according to the experience.

The price of seedlings is higher than that of Kyoho and Xiahei, and the average price is about 20 yuan per plant. The price of seedlings with stout buds and developed roots is as high as 60 yuan per plant. There are two ways to cultivate sunshine roses: cutting and grafting. Some grafts use Kyoho and Red Fuji as rootstocks. In order to ensure the quality of Guangdong vineyards, the average yield per mu is controlled at about 2,000 Jin, and the current price is about 50 yuan/Jin.

4. Goldfinger

Golden Finger Grape is a hybrid between Europe and America. Its ears are big, rectangular, conical and moderately elastic. The average ear weight is 750g, and the maximum ear weight is 1500g. The fruit is strange and beautiful in shape, oblong, slightly curved, bow-shaped, yellow and white, with an average grain weight of 8g. After thinning flowers and fruits, the average grain weight was 10g, when treated with swelling agent, the average grain weight was 13g, and the maximum grain weight was 20g. The pericarp is medium thick, tough and does not crack. The pulp is hard, can be sliced and is resistant to storage and transportation. The sugar content is 20%-22%, which is sweet and refreshing and has a strong taste of rock sugar milk. The fruit stalk is firmly combined with the fruit grain, and the whole ear can be lifted by pinching a fruit. Mature in late July. Strong resistance, adaptability and cold resistance, the only early-maturing and high-sugar European and American hybrid, is unique in the huge grape family.

5. Zui Xiang

Zuixianxiang is a fresh food variety of European and American hybrid tetraploid bred by Shenyang Rose (760 1) as female parent and Jufeng as male parent by Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences. 1997 passed the variety examination and approval.

Zuixianxiang's ears are very large, with an average ear weight of 800g and a maximum of 1800g, which is conical and compact in structure. The fruit is very large, with an average grain weight of 13.0g and a maximum grain weight of19.0g. The fruit is in the shape of an inverted egg. At full maturity, the peel is golden yellow, uniform in maturity, neat in size, obvious in navel, rich in fruit powder, medium thick in peel, easy to separate peel from pulp, easy to separate pulp from seeds, rich in juice, without meat sac, strong in fragrance and high in quality.

6. Rhett bharathi

Hongbalati is a high-grade grape variety with bright red, big grains and early maturity newly bred by European variety Japan. Hongbalati is the only bright red, very early-maturing and large-grain grape variety at present, with an ear weight of 800 grams and a maximum of 2000 grams, and the flesh is hard and crisp.

Pay attention to control the yield when cultivating, and it is not easy to be too high. The yield should be controlled at 65,438+0,000-65,438+0,500 kg, and the ear should be controlled within 500 g, otherwise the yield will be too high, the ear will be too big, and the coloring will not be good.

This variety is the first choice of extremely early-maturing red grape at present, and it should be a high-grade variety with emphasis on development.

7. Oriental Star

Orianta Lusta is a European-American hybrid variety, which was registered in Japan in 2004.

The fruit is oval, weighing 10- 12g, purplish red or purplish black. It can be seedless and its meat quality is close to that of European purebred. It is an excellent variety with the highest taste, sweet taste and sugar content of 20 degrees, and can be hung on trees for a long time. Thick peel, no cracking and threshing, which is beneficial to storage and transportation. This is a potential variety with disease resistance, high yield and easy cultivation. Matured in Dazeshan area in early September.