What are the meanings of frontal rain, convective rain and topographic precipitation?

When the front is active, the precipitation caused by the rising, cooling and condensation of warm and humid air is called frontal rain. Frontal rain is often accompanied by cyclones, so it is also called cyclone rain. There are systematic cloud systems on the front, but not every cloud can produce precipitation.

When two different kinds of airflow meet, the interface between them is called front. On the front, warm, humid and lighter air is brought into cold, dry and heavier air. In the process of uplift, the water vapor in the air cools and condenses, and the precipitation formed is called frontal rain.

2. Convective rain

Convective rain, also known as convective precipitation, is the precipitation produced by convective clouds. Specifically, when the convection develops to a certain extent, the precipitation particles in the cloud can no longer be supported by the updraft and fall. This convective precipitation is characterized by small range, large intensity, uneven distribution, short duration and rapid change with time. Convective precipitation is a common extreme weather phenomenon in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.

3. Topographic precipitation

Topographic precipitation is one of the four major precipitation models in the world. Topographic precipitation is the precipitation formed by the wet air flow being forced to rise and the temperature dropping due to the obstacles of mountains and other highlands, which plays an important role in changing the local microclimate. At the same time, due to the different effects of topographic precipitation on the two slopes, people use and develop them differently, and the human landscape is obviously different.

Extended data:

Characteristics of frontal rain

1. The first feature of frontal precipitation is its large horizontal range, which often forms a large-scale banded precipitation area along the frontal surface, called precipitation zone. With the seasonal movement of the average position of the front, the position of the precipitation belt also moves.

2. Another feature of frontal precipitation is that it lasts for a long time, because the rising speed of stratiform clouds is small, and the water content and precipitation intensity are relatively small. There is little precipitation in some pure water clouds. If there is precipitation, it is also Mao Mao rain.

3. The frontal precipitation lasts for a long time, ranging from a few days to 10 day and a half months and 1 month. "Rain after rain in Qingming Festival" is an accurate and appropriate description of frontal precipitation in Jiangnan area of China.

Characteristics of convective rain

1. Convective precipitation is produced under the condition of unstable atmosphere, mostly in the hot afternoon in summer;

2. Its horizontal scale is very small, generally in the range of 0. 1-50 km, and the precipitation lasts for a short time, generally tens of minutes, forming a formation precipitation, often called a shower;

3. The change of precipitation intensity. Convective precipitation is often accompanied by thunderstorms (lightning and thunder), which become thunderstorms.

Topographic precipitation characteristics

Topographic precipitation often increases with the increase of topographic height. If topographic precipitation is not combined with convective rain or cyclone rain, the rain will not be very strong. Generally speaking, the precipitation in mountainous areas is often more than that in neighboring plain areas, and the precipitation on windward slopes is more than that on leeward slopes.

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