What impact does high temperature have on fruit trees? How to prevent high temperature diseases of fruit trees?

The Great Summer is over and now is the hottest time of the year. People can blow fans and turn on air conditioners when they are hot, but if fruit trees are hot, their leaves will wither, their fruits will fall, and their saplings will die.

At this time, the fruits of some fruit trees are in the growth and expansion period, so let’s learn how to manage them to avoid fruit drop, deformed fruits, etc.

1. Effects of high temperature on fruits

1. Affect coloration.

Medium-early ripening apples such as Gala are in the coloring period at this time. Research shows that if the daytime temperature is above 30°C and the night temperature is above 30°C, the anthocyanin synthesis of the fruit tree will be blocked, which will affect the coloring.

2. Fruit quality.

If the temperature exceeds 35℃ during the fruit expansion period, the respiration and digestion of the tree will increase, which will affect the accumulation of photosynthetic nutrients, causing fruit enlargement, poor coloring, yellowing and burns on the fruit surface, and spongy pulp. wait.

3. Flower bud differentiation.

The suitable temperature for the flower bud differentiation period of fruit trees is 20-27°C. Sustained high temperature weather above 30°C will accelerate plant transpiration and destroy the water and nutrient metabolism of the tree. If the nutrient accumulation is greater than the respiratory consumption, it will affect the flower buds. Quantity and quality of differentiation.

2. Fruit tree diseases in hot weather

1. The weather suddenly clears up after a heavy rain, the leaves transpire a lot, and the root system is deprived of oxygen or suffocated due to excessive water, resulting in a lack of water supply, causing Physiological leaf steaming phenomenon.

2. Under high temperature and high humidity conditions, it often infects old orchards or orchards with repeated stubble or closed orchards with large branches, where leaves, fruits and trunks under 1 meter are in contact with the soil.

Or if stem rot occurs in the orchard, it may be blight rot.

The skin rots at the contact point between the main trunk and the soil, which is stem rot.

3. Brown spot disease usually starts in mid-to-late May and will be infected as long as there is more than 10 mm of rainfall.

July to August is the period of high incidence of brown spot infection.

So protection before rain and treatment immediately after rain are important means to prevent and treat brown spot.

3. Fruit tree disease prevention plan in hot weather

1. Water and spray clean water.

Irrigation according to the soil moisture and spraying clean water on the leaves can improve the microclimate of the orchard and provide beneficial environmental conditions for the growth of fruit trees.

However, it should be noted that canopy watering should be carried out in the early morning and evening; watering should be done in the afternoon or evening (water frequently with small amounts of water), and it is forbidden to water at noon when the temperature is high.

2. Fruit bagging.

Bagged fruits can avoid direct sunlight and effectively reduce the occurrence of sunburn.

However, it should be noted that the bagging must be of good breathability, because although the fruit bag can isolate "strong light", it will increase the temperature inside the bag, causing the heat to burn the fruit, causing fruit drop, etc.

3. Sunshade net combined with bird repellent.

For fruit trees with thin and brittle fruit skins, sunshade nets can be used to avoid direct sunlight if possible.

For birds, shock wave bird repellers can be used, which can effectively drive away omnivorous birds such as sparrows, egrets, magpies, crows, etc. in the orchard.

4. Artificial supplementary light at night.

High temperature will destroy the balance of photosynthesis and respiration.

When the temperature is too high, respiration will exceed photosynthesis, leaving the plant in a state of starvation. If this happens for a long time, the plant will die due to starvation.

High temperature can also promote the strengthening of transpiration, causing plants to "sweat" a lot, destroying the water balance, and becoming wilted and dry.

Under low light at night, increasing light intensity can increase the photosynthetic rate. The use of laser plant fill lights is a precise light source. The red light and blue light in the laser light are the two most important lights for plant growth. The luminous flux ratio of red and blue light (R/B ratio) will affect the cultivation effect of plants, and other colors of light will also affect the growth of some plants to a certain extent.

In addition, photoperiod also affects the growth and development of plants.

The above is an introduction to fruit management in high-temperature weather. In order to effectively ensure fruit setting and fruit expansion in fruit trees, we must take high-temperature prevention measures. Do you have anything else to add about high-temperature management of fruit trees?

That’s it for the content about high temperatures in fruit trees. Welcome to read other agricultural content on Qinggua.com.

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