At which latitude does the meteorological cold vortex mainly exist?

Cold vortex refers to a cold closed low-pressure circulation system in the middle and upper troposphere at middle and high latitudes, and every rose can appear all year round.

The horizontal scale of large-scale cold vortex can reach more than 1000km, and the system is deep, with 700hPa obvious and 500hPa clear. Most of its formation is due to the deepening of the high-altitude westerly trough, and finally the southern part of the trough is cut off by warm air. This cold vortex that separates the cold air mass from the "parent body" is to "cut off the low pressure". Rainy weather is mostly in the southeast. The horizontal scale of the small cold vortex is about 500km and the thickness is 2-3km. Such as plateau vortex, southwest vortex and northeast cold vortex.

Cold eddies appearing in Northeast China and Mongolia in spring and summer often bring strong convective weather such as gale, hail, rainstorm and lightning to northern China. Because of its wide influence, it often lasts for several days, and the disasters caused are particularly serious.

Cold vortex type

Cold vortex thunderstorms can be divided into two types: northern cold vortex thunderstorms and southern cold vortex thunderstorms. The cold vortex in East Asia often forms near Lake Baikal, and then slowly moves eastward, passing through Mongolia, Inner Mongolia and Northeast China. Geographically, it is often called Mongolian cold vortex, North China cold vortex and Northeast cold vortex, among which Northeast cold vortex is the most famous.

Cold vortex characteristics

The cold vortex in high altitude can extend vertically from the middle troposphere of several kilometers to the altitude of 10 km, and the air column in the cold vortex is in an unstable state of being cold at the top and warm at the bottom. Therefore, unstable weather often occurs, such as showers, thunderstorms and even thunderstorms or hail. Sometimes, the strong development of cold vortex will also cause large-scale rainstorm weather. Because there is a small stream of cold air moving south at the back (west) of the cold vortex, and because the cold vortex moves slowly, it will cause intermittent rainy weather in the area affected by the high-altitude cold vortex for several days.

Cold vortex-danger

The cold vortex weather in North China and Northeast China in spring and summer is very harmful to agriculture and animal husbandry. Low temperature affects the spring sowing or seedling growth of rice, sorghum, corn, soybean and other crops, resulting in a reduction in autumn grain production. In pastoral areas, pasture can't turn green in time, and cattle and sheep lose weight because of lack of feed.