What are the impacts and hazards of climate change?

Climate warming may increase a small amount of precipitation in northern China, but evaporation consumption may not be worth the loss, and it will be difficult to alleviate the serious water shortage. The drought in the north continues to fluctuate and expand, and the increase of drought frequency and intensity will aggravate grassland soil erosion, thus intensifying the desertification trend. Global warming makes the ocean thermally expand, glaciers melt, and sea levels rise.

2, affecting agriculture and ecology

The instability of agricultural production increases and the output fluctuates greatly. It is estimated that due to global warming, the planting yield in China may decrease by about 5%- 10%, with wheat, rice and corn as the main crops. The layout and structure of agricultural production will change. Climate warming will bring great changes to the crop planting system in China. With the change of agricultural production conditions, agricultural cost and investment will increase greatly. After climate warming, the microbial decomposition of soil organic matter will accelerate, which will lead to the decline of soil fertility, climate warming and the increase of pests and diseases. The application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides in agriculture will increase, and the investment will also increase.

3. Aggravate other disasters

The increase of climate disasters caused by climate warming may be a more prominent problem. A slight increase in the global average temperature may bring frequent climate disasters-excessive rainfall, large-scale drought and continuous high temperature, resulting in large-scale disaster losses. According to the historical data of climate change, some scientists speculate that climate warming may destroy the ocean circulation, trigger a new ice age, and cause terrible climate disasters in high latitudes.

4, affecting human health

The adverse effects of climate change on human health are not difficult to find: the frequent intensification of heat wave shocks will lead to an increase in mortality and the incidence of certain diseases, especially heart and respiratory diseases; The spread of infectious diseases sensitive to climate change, such as malaria and dengue fever, may increase. Extreme weather events, such as drought, flood, storm, etc. , increase mortality, disability and infectious diseases, and increase social and psychological pressure.

Extended data:

The Impact of Climate Change on China

According to some research results of Chinese and foreign experts, the warming trend in China will be stronger in winter than in summer. Rainfall will increase in warm areas and coastal areas in the north and west, and the frequency of floods in the Yangtze River and Yellow River basins will be higher. Typhoons and rainstorms in the southeast coastal areas will also be more frequent; In spring and early summer, drought in many areas is aggravated, dry and hot winds are frequent, and soil evaporation is increased.

Agriculture is the most affected sector. Rising temperature will prolong the growth period and reduce frost, and the "fertilizer effect" of carbon dioxide will enhance photosynthesis and have a favorable impact on agriculture; However, the increase of soil evaporation, flood disaster and seawater erosion will also reduce agricultural production. The impact on grassland animal husbandry and fishery is generally unfavorable. The most serious impact of sea level rise is to increase the frequency and intensity of storm surges and typhoons, and seawater intrusion and coastal erosion will also cause huge economic and social losses.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Global Climate Change