Every year something opens, and agriculture gains.

Twenty-four solar terms and farming season and farming

Spring rain shocks spring and clear valley days, summer is full of mountains and summer heat, autumn dew is cold and frost, and snow falls in winter.

At the vernal equinox, it rained heavily in early spring.

The long summer is full of awns, and the summer solstice is a small summer and a big summer.

Beginning of autumn is in summer, white dew, autumnal equinox, cold dew and first frost.

There is light snow and heavy snow in early winter, and slight cold and severe cold in winter solstice.

Beginning of spring: (2.4)

In climatology, spring refers to the spring when the daily average temperature is stable at 10℃~22℃ for five consecutive days. According to this standard, spring in northern Zhejiang generally begins in early April. In recent years, with the climate warming, spring has come ahead of schedule. China has a vast territory and complex terrain. As for the days in beginning of spring, there are great differences from place to place, with the earliest spring in all parts of South China. In this solar term, the average daily temperature in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River is 3~4℃ and the rainfall is 20 ~ 30mm. Clear ditches and drain water in wheat fields to prevent waterlogging. Rape topdressing, drainage, intertillage weeding, and reapplication of moss fertilizer.

Rain: (2. 19)

Last winter and this spring, the temperature rose, the humidity increased, and the rainy days and rainfall in the south of the Yangtze River increased obviously, which is really worthy of the name. But the weather in early spring is hot and cold and changeable. In this solar term, the average daily temperature in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River is 5~7℃, and the precipitation is 30 ~ 40mm. At that time, wheat gradually entered the jointing and booting stage, watching seedlings fertilize, clearing ditches and draining water, and strengthening rape field management.

Stunned: (3.5)

Weather proverb: the sun is dizzy in the middle of the night and the moon is dizzy at noon (Shanghai); I was shocked to hear the thunder, and it rained for a month (Zhejiang, Shandong); When is the sting and when is the turn (gan)

In this solar term, the average daily temperature in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River is 7~9℃, and the precipitation is 30 ~ 40mm. The management of fertilizer and water should be strengthened in wheat fields, and soil moisture should be divided into five types, namely, aqua regia, black moisture, yellow moisture, dry and wet soil (dry soil), seedling raising, irrigation and water saving. Application of coated fertilizer in rape. Early rice is ready to raise seedlings and plant trees.

Vernal equinox: (3.20/3.2 1)

The sun shines directly on the equator, and the global day and night time are almost equal. In this solar term, the average daily temperature in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River is 8~ 12℃, and the precipitation is 40 ~ 60mm. From the south to the north on both sides of the Yangtze River, early rice has been soaked to accelerate germination, raised with plastic film (to prevent cold wave), and planted with cold tail and warm head to grab eyeballs. Continue to manage wheat and rape, do a good job in afforestation, improve and protect the ecological environment, and adjust the climate.

Qingming: (4.5)

The Yellow River Basin in China has melted ice and snow, lush vegetation and fresh and natural air, which is suitable for outing. According to climate analysis, the temperature is rising further. If controlled by the warm air mass, the highest temperature in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shanghai and Anhui can rise above 25℃ when the weather gets warmer, and the lowest temperature can drop below 5' and 1 when affected by strong cold air. Therefore, the first cold return is still the main feature of this solar term. Judging from the rainfall, there is no rainfall in this solar term, with an average rainfall of 60~70 mm and an average temperature of 12~ 15℃. Both the north and south of the Yangtze River have entered the busy farming season. Early and middle rice are sown one after another, wheat is jointing, rape is flowering, and field management cannot be relaxed. Sow corn and peanuts.

Grain Rain: (4.20)

After Tomb-Sweeping Day, the rainfall increased, which was beneficial to grain growth. But in some years, it doesn't rain at this time, and even from Tomb-Sweeping Day to long summer, there is a spring drought, which has a great impact on agricultural production. Overwintering crops need rain to help them turn green and jointing; Spring sowing crops need rain after sowing to ensure high emergence rate. Generally, the rainfall in this solar term is 70 ~ 80mm, and the daily average temperature is 14~ 18℃. At this time, it is the busy season for rural areas to prepare for wheat cutting, rice transplanting and cotton planting.

Long summer: (5.5)

In late spring, when the new summer comes back, everything grows and flourishes. But according to the classification of meteorology, the standard control in summer is to wait for the temperature (No.5) to be higher than 22℃. At this time, only the south really enters summer. In some areas, the four seasons are not obvious, such as the north of Aihui, Heilongjiang, and the alpine region of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, where there is no summer at all. Long summer reflected by the long summer solar terms mainly refers to the area south of the Yellow River. At this time, the daily average temperature in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River is 19~22℃, and the solar term rainfall is 90 ~110mm. The flower crops should be harvested in time when they enter the yellow maturity stage in spring. After the long summer, Zhejiang will enter the rainy season, and the rainy season is about to begin. It is necessary to prepare for flood control.

Xiaoman: (5.20)

"Xiaoman" means that the wheat crops in the Yellow River valley are full and immature, so it is called Xiaoman. However, at this time, the spring flower seeds in Zhejiang are full and mature, and the countryside is busy harvesting. At this time, the average daily temperature in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River is 20~23℃, and the solar term rainfall is 50~70 mm, which is slightly less than before and after the solar term. However, South China has gradually entered the rainy season. The summer grain in the north and south of the great river has matured one after another, and it is harvested in the Qingming period. Late-stage management of wheat fields should be strengthened in northern China. Spring corn, sorghum, intertillage, weeding and ridging are particularly important.

Mango species: (6.5)

Awn is the fine hair at the tip of grain; Wheat, barley and other crops with awns have matured, and the intense summer harvest has begun, which is also a busy season for summer sowing, so awn seeds are also called "busy planting". There is also a folk saying that "Spring competes for the sun, while summer competes for the time", "Xiaotian pursues the sky, while mango seeds pursue the sky" and "When the wheat is ripe, Longkou will seize the grain". At this time, the average daily temperature in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River is 23~25℃, and the solar term rainfall is 50~90 mm. We should pay close attention to the cultivation and management of early rice, timely cultivate and bake fields to improve soil temperature, and pay attention to pest control. Sow late rice at the right time.

Summer solstice: (6.22)

The sun shines directly on the Tropic of Cancer, and the daytime in the northern hemisphere is the longest all year round. There are 18 hours in Beijing during the day. Later, the days began to shorten. But it is not the hottest time yet. The temperature difference between north and south of China is very small, but it is 10℃. The rainfall in most years is above 100 mm, and the average daily temperature is 24~28℃. It is necessary to seize the opportunity of strengthening field management in summer, remove weeds in time and control pests and diseases.

Slight summer heat (7.7)

"It's not hot in the summer, but it's hot for several days." July is the month with the strongest summer monsoon, and the subtropical high covers the south of the Yangtze River. The normal situation is that high temperature and little rain are the main characteristics. The daily average temperature is 28~3 1℃, and the rainfall decreases, generally 60 ~ 80 mm. Little summer is facing the turning point of plum flood and drought. While doing a good job in flood control, all localities should grasp the weather forecast information in time, strengthen water storage and drought prevention, and strive to achieve both flood control and drought relief.

High temperature in summer: (7.22 degrees)

Most parts of the country are hot in summer, and this solar term applies to the whole country. Judging from the rainfall, the rainy season in the north has arrived and the rainfall has increased. Plum rains in the Yangtze River basin ended, summer drought rose, and it was sunny and hot with little rain. In South China, the southeast monsoon brings water vapor over the South China Sea at this time, and the rainfall is still relatively high. In this solar term, the rainfall in northern Zhejiang is 20~50 mm, and the daily average temperature is 27~3 1℃, which is the highest time in the whole year. The growth rate of warm crops has reached its peak. It is necessary to strengthen the management of water and fertilizer in the field. Late rice should be transplanted before beginning of autumn.

Beginning of autumn: (8.7)

The real autumn in the Yellow River basin is about a month and a half later than that in beginning of autumn, and that in the Yangtze River basin is one and a half to two months later. Jiangnan is still controlled by subtropical high, and the heat accumulated on the earth cannot be dissipated in a fashion, so there is also the summer heat of autumn tiger. Summer drought often happens to rainy teenagers. The daily average temperature is 29~27℃, and it begins to drop. The rainfall is 80~ 100 mm, which is unevenly distributed. Late rice should be cultivated and weeded, and irrigated in case of drought. Grasp the autumn sowing. Cotton topping promotes the development of autumn peach (cotton).

High temperature in summer: (8.23 degrees)

Some places in the south of the Yangtze River are still relatively hot, so there is a saying that "it is not summer in the heat, but beginning of autumn is in summer". At this time, the average daily temperature in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River is 25 ~ 27℃; Cold and warm air began to meet again in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and entered the autumn rain period. The topic is 80 ~120 mm. At this time, late rice is in a critical period of growth.

Millennium: (9.7)

The temperature drop across the country has accelerated and the weather has turned cold. "The Millennium is divided into autumn nights, and it is cool all night." With the change of monsoon, sunshine becomes shorter and weaker, and cold air begins to move south. Autumn is crisp in most parts of the country, and even the average daily temperature in southwest China has dropped below 22℃. At this time, the average daily temperature in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River is 2 1 ~ 24, the rainfall is 70~90 mm, cotton is picked in batches, and the field management of autumn corn and other crops is strengthened in the later stage.

Equinox: (9.23)

The direct point of the sun returned to the equator, and the world was divided equally day and night. From the climatological point of view, after the autumnal equinox, the cold air activity in the north becomes increasingly active, and sometimes a northwest wind can blow away the summer heat and usher in the cool autumn. According to the perennial law, autumn in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shanghai is from the end of September to the beginning of 10. Autumn falls in the middle and late August in most parts of Northeast China and Xinjiang, and in the middle of September in the lower reaches of the Yellow River. The land in South China will feel cool in autumn from the end of 10 to10. Continue to do a good job in field management of late rice. Cotton seed selection and flower picking. Winter wheat and rape should be prepared before sowing.

Cold dew: (10.8)

At this time, the thermal power of cold air in the north is enhanced, and most parts of China are controlled by cold high pressure. At the end of the rainy season, it is sunny in Wan Li, with warm days and cool nights, and large daily temperature difference, which is beneficial to late rice. At this time, the daily average temperature in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River is 16~ 19℃, and the rainfall continues to decrease, about15 ~ 30 mm. The cold dew solar term is the suitable period for direct seeding rape in the Yangtze River basin, and winter wheat is planted in Jiangbei area.

First frost: (10.23)

From the Yellow River basin, the first frost generally appears at the end of 10, which is very consistent with the solar terms of the first frost. There is a great difference in the number of first frost days in different parts of the country, such as Changchun in the northeast, and the first frost in the autumn equinox, while Guangzhou in the south is usually rare. Even if there is, the first frost will not be seen until the winter solstice. At this time, the daily average temperature in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River is 14~ 16℃, and the rainfall is 20 ~ 30 mm. It is necessary to strengthen the cultivation and management of rape and garden vegetables. The accumulation of forest fire prevention funds should also be implemented as soon as possible.

Beginning of winter: (1 1.7)

The freezing date of the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River is11~1,which is consistent with beginning of winter, but in the Yangtze River valley, the real winter is about half a month later than beginning of winter. On the Qinghai-Tibet plateau, it is "cotton in summer in June, and it is cold all the year round"; Near the Tropic of Cancer from Guangzhou to Nanning, there are few days in winter. Xia Wudong, Governor of Hainan. Therefore, this solar term in beginning of winter does not apply to the whole country. The average daily temperature in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River is 10~ 13℃ and the rainfall is 20 ~ 40mm. Do a good job in harvesting and drying late rice. Do a good job of sweeping up the winter wheat sowing.

Xiaoxue: (1 1.22)

Due to the thermal enhancement of cold air in the north, the temperature drops rapidly. The Yellow River basin is in the light snow solar term, and it usually starts to snow. As far as the whole country is concerned, the average snowfall in the Yangtze River basin is in the middle and late February; The first snow in Northeast China should be advanced to1before the beginning of October165438+; In the south of Fuzhou, Liuzhou and Baise, it doesn't snow all year round. At this time, the daily average temperature in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River is 7~ 10℃, and the snowfall (rain)10 ~ 20 mm. Do a good job in keeping livestock warm and wintering.

Heavy snow: (12.7)

At this time, there was snow on the ground. The number of snow days in 65438+February in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River is twice or even four times that in165438+1October. The daily average temperature in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River dropped to 5~8℃, and the snowfall (rain)10 ~ 20 mm. It is necessary to strengthen the field management of spring flowers such as winter wheat and rape.

Winter solstice: (12.22)

The sun shines directly near the tropic of Capricorn, and the daytime in the northern hemisphere is the shortest; After that, the position of direct sunlight moved backward and the days became longer. "After the winter, a needle came out, but it crossed the long line". At this time, the cold air in the north is powerful, which indicates that winter is coming and the coldest season is coming. The average daily temperature in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River is 2~5℃, and the snowfall (rain)10 ~ 30 mm.. Strengthen the field management of winter wheat, rape and other spring flowers.

Slight cold: (1.6)

In addition to its own periodic changes, climate change is also influenced by many factors, such as the depth, breadth and intensity of human activities, abnormal atmospheric circulation, smoke and dust from volcanic eruptions and so on. As a result, the warm winter phenomenon of 14 years appeared continuously in the past. In this solar term, the average daily temperature in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River is 1~3℃, and the area north of the Yangtze River is below 0℃. Snowfall (rain)10 ~ 30 mm.

Severe cold: (1.2 1)

This time is really the coldest season in a year of "cold weather", and then beginning of spring with "three-point water heating". The daily average temperature 1~3℃ and snowfall (rain) 10 ~ 30mm in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Main farming activities: storing and making fertilizer, repairing water conservancy in winter, starting greening and planting trees, and cleaning and transforming fish ponds.

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Beginning of spring: beginning of spring is often called "Da Chun". The day before was called "Spring Festival", and the beginning of spring was regarded as the beginning of agriculture. At this time, plants began to sprout and grow, and people began to prepare for agriculture. Historically, Zhou Wuwang has ordered local officials to hold "Spring Festival" ceremonies every year. The day before in beginning of spring, local officials dressed in plain clothes took a walk in the suburbs to "welcome the Spring Festival". The next day, they gathered in the countryside to burn incense and worship, and let the "Mang God" whip the local cattle, so as to beat the inertia of the spring cattle, usher in a bumper harvest all year round, and announce the beginning of spring ploughing and sowing. Later, spring cattle were tied into the shape of cattle with bamboo sticks, pasted with paper, and filled with peanuts, walnuts and dates. On that day in beginning of spring, they were whipped. After being smashed, people rushed to eat scattered fruits to celebrate the arrival of spring, some of which were full of grain, which meant a sign of bumper harvest. There is no activity of beating spring cattle now, but around the social flag, beginning of spring is still described as "beating spring". There are agricultural proverbs such as "beating six or nine heads in spring, planting sesame seeds to eat sesame oil, planting five Kyubi no Youko seeds in spring, and planting millet to eat rice" and "playing spring, the sun is shining, and the clothes are thick with laughter". The daily weather in beginning of spring is related to a year. It is generally believed that it should be sunny instead of cloudy in beginning of spring, with sunny days indicating abundance and cloudy days indicating disaster. There are rumors that "beginning of spring is clear and warm, and farmers are full of enthusiasm. If the wind is dark, the grain is not uncomfortable. " There is also "everything is auspicious on a sunny day, and everything is sad on a cloudy day." "The early spring is sunny, and farmers are farming." "beginning of spring has three sunny days, and this year's harvest is very good." "beginning of spring is cloudy, sunny in spring, sunny in beginning of spring, sunny in spring, cloudy to clear." The proverb "It rains in early spring, but it's sunny". There are two "beginning of spring Days" in a year, and there are agricultural proverbs such as "Two spring days a year, yellow cattle are as expensive as gold" and "Two spring days and one winter, ten cowsheds are empty".

Rain: After beginning of spring, the southeast wind began to blow, and the rain began to increase. After the rain, we began to plant trees, preparing to plant sweet potato mothers and cow dung for cultivating sweet potato seedlings. There are agricultural proverbs such as "Spring rain is as expensive as oil", "Winter spring rain is as expensive as oil, don't let a drop flow in vain", "A spring rain is warm, and an autumn rain is cold", "When there is no rain, the rain is dry, and when there is no rain, eat more noodles". Rain is a good time for fruit trees to be grafted. There is an agricultural proverb "Rain festival connects trees".

Sting: As the temperature rises and the weather gets warmer, all kinds of animals that have been stung in the ground begin to wake up and creep. Farming activities are mainly to bury sweet potato mothers and start farming. There is an agricultural proverb that "it rains early and the vernal equinox is late, and it is the right time to scare the seedlings", "If you are scared, you can't plant seeds" and "If you are scared, you can't blossom". Harvest, good weather, harvest. As the saying goes, "Lei Zhen Rice Base", "Lei Zhen Remi is like mud", "Don't rest till after the shock" and "Be shocked the day before, and pick up hoes the day after tomorrow", which means that the weather is cloudy, "Before Lei Zhen, Gaogang can cultivate", "After Lei Zhen, it is difficult to stop the rain for 45 days" and "After Lei Zhen". "Surprised by thunder, full of water" and "shocked by clouds, cold until mid-May" indicate a chill in late spring. "If you are stung, don't let the bees go. Ten cages and nine cages are empty."

Equinox: In the middle of spring, the climate gets warmer, the days get longer, the nights get shorter, the wheat grows rapidly and starts to get up. There is a saying that "wheat is busy day and night after the vernal equinox" and "wheat starts at the vernal equinox, and the moment is worth thousands of dollars". It is necessary to strengthen the management of wheat fields, fertilize and cultivate, and prohibit livestock from eating green. It rains at the vernal equinox, which shows that people are healthy. As the saying goes, "there is rain at the vernal equinox, and patients are scarce."

Qingming: The climate is fresh and the vegetation is lush, which is a good season for planting plants. There are "Tomb-Sweeping Day planted cotton before", "Tomb-Sweeping Day planted melons and pulled them by boat", "Tomb-Sweeping Day planted sorghum for ten days", "Tomb-Sweeping Day planted seeds, not five days earlier, not five days later", "The rain is closely related", "Before and after Tomb-Sweeping Day, point melons and plant beans" and "Tomb-Sweeping Day fed (fertilized) to grow fine seedlings. It is cloudy and rainy in Tomb-Sweeping Day. The sunny weather indicates a bumper harvest. There are some sayings, such as "Sunning willows on Qingming Festival, dogs die in their nests", "Qingming Festival, Grain Rain is dark" and "Eat more noodles when there is no rain on Qingming Festival". It is generally believed that being unclear is a sign of famine. There is a northwest wind in Qingming, which is the main drought. There is a saying called "Qingming northwest wind, it will not be light when it is dry." However, there is also a saying that "the south wind rises on a sunny day and there is no good harvest in the north." Rain on sunny nights is not good for wheat. As the saying goes, "Wheat in Four Seasons is not afraid of water, but it will rain overnight. "

Grain Rain: Every year around April 20th, it starts when the sun reaches 30. Generally, the weather is getting warmer, the frost and snow are broken, and the rainfall is also increasing. It is an important season for sowing spring crops, planting sorghum, millet, spring corn, sweet potato and other early autumn crops. At this time, jujube buds germinated and spring-sown cotton began to be planted. As the saying goes, "Jujube sprouts to plant cotton", "Grain Rain seedlings (sweet potatoes), one tree and one basket", "Grain Rain seedlings grow summer sowing", "Grain Rain plants crops, but dare not wait", "Before Grain Rain, after Qingming, it is a good time to plant flowers" and "Grain Rain wheat is pregnant". Besides, the lack of rain in Grain Rain is also a sign of famine. There are some common sayings, such as "Qingming, dark Grain Rain", "Qingming, rain in Grain Rain" and "rain cotton in Grain Rain". There is also a saying that "when Grain Rain arrives, cuckoos crow, the first three days are called drought, and the last three days are called flooding". After the rain, the rough fields began. "March is not rough, and wheat is sown in the soil."

Changxia: This is for the beginning of summer. When the wheat is heading, the perianth is planted and starched. There are also some agricultural proverbs, such as "cut it before it is over in the long summer and feed it to the old cows" and "wheat in the long summer picks up the flag and wheat in the small summer is full of beauty". At this time, various migratory birds entered the country one after another, sweet potato buds were generally transplanted to the ground, dry and autumn crops continued to be sown, and cucumbers matured. Agricultural proverbs include "fresh cucumber on the eighth day of April" and "cotton grows in summer, and there are seedlings without bumps". There is a saying in this county that "three new things are seen in the long summer-garlic, cherry and pea". Avoid no rain and no wind in summer It is generally believed that there is no rain in summer and drought is the main reason. As the saying goes, "it doesn't rain in the long summer, and wheat comes in the drought", "it doesn't rain in the long summer, and the plow hangs high", "the east wind blows in the long summer, and the door is closed", "rain is rice flowers and wind is wheat flowers".

Xiaoman: Some early winter crops are beginning to mature. As the saying goes, "Little people see three new things", that is, barley, rape and cocoon. Farmers buy farm equipment and make preparations before harvesting wheat. Start interplanting late autumn crops. There are some agricultural proverbs: "Xiaoman is not satisfied, Mang is not busy", "Xiaoman doesn't grow cotton, and it's useless to grow cotton", "Xiaoman has been 18 days old, and he has done it before it is ripe (referring to wheat)" and "Xiaoman grows grain, and he wants to suppress Man Cang's family".

Ear seed: Every year around June 6th, the sun starts at 75 longitude. Agricultural activities in this county are mainly harvesting wheat, sowing in late autumn and managing big seedlings. The countryside is busy, so there is a saying that "spring is busy and the sickle harvests", "Mang is busy and there are three or two games" and "Spring competes for the sun and summer competes for the time". Summer harvest, summer sowing and Shimonoseki are collectively called "three summers". Three summer production highlights four "grab" words, that is, grab a bumper harvest. Harvesting wheat is like putting out a fire. Longkou takes away the grain, the wheat turns yellow, the ears of wheat turn yellow, and the embroiderer gets out of bed, 70% of the wheat is harvested, and 80% of it is lost. When the wheat is ripe, start cutting. Don't wait for the mature seeds to fall, you will lose ten yellow grains. To ensure a bumper harvest, you must not lose one ear. The second is to grab seeds and grab autumn crops when wheat is harvested. "It's hard to take care of your life after autumn, no matter how you plant wheat", "Sprinkle sesame seeds on wheat stubble, and it will soon be eliminated", "A sweet potato has a handful of ashes, and sweet potatoes form a pile"; The third is to thresh and finish the game before the summer solstice. "If you don't hit the chaff on the solstice in summer, you will hit the chaff again", "Half of it will be pulled into the field and collected when you enter the store"; The fourth is to grasp the pipe, "the seeds fall to the ground, and the pipe is put on the horse", timely seedling, weeding and moisture conservation. "Farming in May and June doesn't hit a punch a day and a night", "People who make a mistake for a while miss one person for a year", "There is fire in the hoe, and there is water in the hoe", "It is better to plow a plow in winter than to break the skin in summer" and "People are diligent and not lazy, and everyone is in charge". During the summer harvest, no fire, no smoking, no belly exposure, no "clean light", "sparse", "no wind" and "clean". There used to be a saying that it was unlucky for women not to enter the market.

Summer solstice: Summer solstice is an important solar term in agriculture, and it is also a tense season for Akita management. As the temperature rises and the weather gets hot, hoes begin to be everywhere. "Spring strives for the sun, summer strives for the sun, and it's not too late to plow the fields and mow the grass", "Summer solstice is better than snake bite", "When you plant sesame seeds on the summer solstice, you will have flowers on your head, and when you plant sesame seeds in early autumn, you will die unsatisfied if you don't blossom". In the summer solstice of the third year, it will last for 30 or 40 days, and it will fall in the middle and end respectively. Every volt is 10 days, and there are 20 days in the middle volt. Sometimes there is a saying that "heat is in the middle" and "three volts plus autumn". It is generally believed that the change of weather from summer solstice will have a great impact on crops. Therefore, farmers are afraid of the summer solstice. Thunderstorm is the most taboo in summer solstice. As the saying goes, "it thunders from summer to Sunday, and it is dry in June, and it is hot when it rains from summer to Sunday." "It's hard to buy a drought in May and a full meal in June", "It's hard to buy a cold in May with money," and "it's windy in the northwest during the summer solstice, and it's rainy and empty." "The summer solstice turns to white clouds, and fish scales are seen on the flat ground", "The summer solstice winds from the southeast, and it rains continuously in summer and autumn". There are also summer solstice taboos in early and late May. As the saying goes, "Wheat costs 3,000 yuan from the end of May to the day", "You can eat oil without planting sesame seeds from the beginning of May to the day" and "Ten oil houses are empty from the end of May to the day". Eating oil instead of planting sesame seeds shows that other crops are growing well and have a good harvest. Ten oil houses and nine empty houses indicate the poor harvest and depression throughout the year.

Slight heat: The weather is getting hotter and hotter. When the flood season comes, crops are growing vigorously, mainly to strengthen the management of autumn crops. Can cultivate kang land. There is an agricultural proverb that says "plant mung beans before and after the summer heat" and "plant sesame seeds in the summer heat and have a bunch of flowers on your head". As the saying goes, "June is afraid of drought, September is afraid of waterlogging." "Dry in June, drink porridge", "It is difficult to rain in June, and it is difficult to clear in August", "Mud in the pit, dry in the south wind for 18 days in summer". There is no rain in the rain and no rice in the valley. Little Summer Loach Race.

Great Summer: It is the highest temperature period in a year, which is in midsummer. Millet leaves, soybean shed, the first two crops are cultivated. Pay attention to insect prevention, drought prevention and waterlogging prevention. There are some agricultural proverbs: "It's cold in March and September, and it's hot in dog days", "It's not hot in dog days, and the grain will not bear fruit", "It's not hot in dog days" and "It's raining on the head". The second summer is dry, the third summer is rainy, so you can eat enough. When you go to beginning of autumn in summer, you can't mow the grass or press fertilizer. You can't throw it away. You can plant cabbage in the second summer and beans in the third summer, and the harvest is not thick. It rained three times in the third summer, and the thin land grew hemp. On June 6, sweet potatoes with buds were thick.

Beginning of autumn: Autumn has begun, and it's in the dog days. Farming is known as "hoeing in autumn". It means that crops will no longer be hoed, and "Let autumn stop, and everything will rest" and "beginning of autumn will plant sesame seeds without flowering and dying of old age", which means that no more crops can be planted at this time. However, there are also proverbs, such as "Before and after beginning of autumn, swallows melons mung beans", "beginning of autumn plants scallions and dew plants garlic" and "In June autumn, the old seedlings are lost, and in July autumn, the old seedlings are harvested", which means that mung beans can still be planted (the harvest is not much), and beginning of autumn can plant onions. If seedlings are cultivated in June in early autumn, they can no longer be planted, while transplanted seedlings can still be harvested in July in early autumn. Beginning of autumn is a major solar term for local farmers, and it is also the season when crops are approaching maturity. "beginning of autumn is red everywhere in three days" means that sorghum ears turn red and mature. "Cotton is autumn, and the big head and the small head are pulled together." Beginning of autumn avoids thunder, rain and wind every day. As the saying goes, "more thunder and less rain, half harvest in one night", "north wind before autumn, rain after autumn, north wind after autumn".

Department: Summer has passed, the weather is cool, and the hot weather will end that day. There are agricultural proverbs: "Don't plant fields in summer until the next year" and "Don't plant autumn and don't harvest", but buckwheat can be planted. As the saying goes, "Buckwheat should not be so fat in summer". "The valley turns yellow in summer, so be careful of the strong wind."

Peace and Prosperity: It's Mid-Autumn Festival, the weather is getting cold, and the dew turns white at night. Agricultural activities began to harvest sorghum and early corn. Stubble cutting, early ploughing, wheat preparation and sowing, and rape seedling raising. Agricultural proverbs include: "White dew plants mountains, cold dew plants plains (wheat)", "White dew cuts the valley" and "White dew doesn't rain, so you should get up early when plowing". "autumn harvest ploughing, next year is another year of bumper harvest."

Autumnal equinox: half of autumn, then the northern hemisphere becomes shorter and the nights become longer. After the autumnal equinox, it is the busiest period in autumn. We should not only send manure to plow the fields, but also actively prepare for sowing wheat and harvesting in autumn. There is an agricultural proverb: "Half of the households are exposed to cold dew all over the world at the autumn equinox" and "When the autumn equinox arrives, the threshing floor will see the rice". "The autumn equinox is over five, and the wheat is buried." It is better to bend over in autumn than to turn around in spring. "A year's work lies in autumn. If you don't enter the house, you won't receive it." "Three spring is not as busy as autumn, and the grain will be collected at home." "At the end of July, in August, new millet rice soup is added with hemp stalks and salt". The change of lunar landing around the autumnal equinox will directly predict the quality of the next year. As the saying goes, "Looking up to the sky early on July 15th is better than casting lots to ask the immortals; : The moon meets the clouds, and the years are hard to say; The moon collapsed when it fell to the ground, and there will be no food next year. "

Cold dew: After entering the cold dew, the climate turned cool obviously, and it felt cold at night, so wheat was planted. Agricultural proverbs say, "Don't plant wheat in a hurry from the cold dew to the first frost", "After the cold dew festival, plant wheat ears like iron", "Catch one season early, and the yield will be high in two seasons", "Catch snakes on seven inches, plant crops in solar terms" and "Be busy in the morning, and flourish in three minutes".

First frost: named after the cold weather and the dew forming a thin frost. The first frost is frost-free, and there will be famine next year. "There is frost in the first frost, and rice in Man Cang", "There is no frost in October, so plant a bag of chaff". Entering the peak season of wheat planting after the first frost, there is a saying: "When the frost falls to beginning of winter, we should not relax planting wheat", "When there is moisture, we should not wait for moisture", "The plow should be plowed in front of beginning of winter at the latest" and "Only one ear is needed before ploughing and after ploughing". Generally mature in late autumn, sweet potatoes are planted and dried.

Beginning of winter: beginning of winter means the arrival of winter. The longitude of the sun is 225. Pay close attention to sowing late-season wheat. As the saying goes, "The light snow in beginning of winter will plant wheat half a month later" and "beginning of winter will plant wheat late and harvest wheat late next year". Transplanting rape and harvesting sweet potato. In ancient times, there was a saying that "winter is the end", which meant that crops should be harvested after harvest. There is a saying that "beginning of winter's cultivated land can increase the nutrients in the soil" and "the deep ploughing in winter will produce gold". It is forbidden to eat cold food in winter, such as radish and fruit. Otherwise I thought it would hurt my health. There is no rain in early winter. As the saying goes, "There is no rain in Chongyang, sunny in beginning of winter and sunny in beginning of winter".

Xiaoxue: The temperature drops, it begins to snow, and the winter sowing is over. Began to pull dice, prepare soil to raise cattle, build houses, carry out capital construction of farmland water conservancy, build roads and carry out sideline activities. Agricultural proverbs include: "Every household is dirt", "Little snow will not break the stock (stock market crash), and heavy snow will not be unearthed (wheat seedlings)", "Building ditches and dams is not afraid of drought", "Building ditches and ponds will have a good harvest every year", "Water conservancy benefits will be rewarded" and "Water conservancy cannot be relied on for a long time". Light snow falls on the winter solstice, which is a good time for winter irrigation. As the saying goes, "It's just right for light snow to water the wheat during the winter solstice", "Water the wheat for half a year, and the steamed bread will be delivered to your mouth", "If there is water but no fat, half of it will come out, and if there is fat and no water, you will cry to the sky". There are sayings that "there is light snow all over the sky, and there will be a bumper year in the coming year" and "there will be more light snow and more dry days in May next year".

Heavy snow: it is freezing in the cold, so it is named after heavy snow. Good winter brings good summer. "McGetty has three beds (heavy snow), and the headrest is steaming." Agricultural activities continue to carry out water conservancy construction, renovate roads and canals, start grinding, produce vermicelli and vermicelli, and engage in commercial operation and commodity production. There is an agricultural proverb that says "the fields are clean, five ditches should be dug" and "the thin land should be harvested, and deep ditches should be dug in winter". There are some common sayings, such as "No snow is seen in the heavy snow, no wheat will be harvested in the coming year", "No snow this year, no good harvest in the coming year", "No snow, no good harvest, no less wheat".

On the solstice of winter, the sun shines directly on the tropic of Capricorn, which is the ninth day of the day, and then the weather gets colder. There is a 99-song in winter: "1929 sleeves with hands, 3949 walks on the ice, 5969 rivers with ice, 7989 looks at willows, and 99 walks like 19 plows cattle everywhere." In agricultural production, we should pay attention to the safety of people and animals in winter, in addition to continuing to carry out anti-freezing, fertilizer accumulation and deep ploughing. "After eating the winter solstice meal, a day becomes longer", and the day will gradually become longer. Don't rain on the solstice of winter. As the saying goes, "beginning of winter sees that it doesn't rain from winter to Sunday, and it's sunny and it doesn't snow from winter to Sunday", which means that there will be drought in the coming year.

Slight cold: entering the cold weather, "slight cold and great cold, dripping into a ball", "slight cold frozen soil, great cold frozen river".

Great cold: enter the coldest time of the year, that is,1February, to prepare for the Spring Festival. "Slight cold, severe cold, killing pigs for the New Year".