Visit the weather station

On a sunny day, I was lucky enough to visit Shuicheng National Meteorological Station, and "visited" this high-tech observation site built in June 1956+00. The weather station is located at longitude 104. 26 degrees 52 minutes north latitude. 35 meters above sea level 18 15.9 meters, located in the corner of Qilin Park in Liupanshui City.

Walking into the weather station, it is very spacious. In a corner, there is a small iron platform with a cannon on it. I guess it must be used for artificial rainfall, but the staff of the meteorological observatory did not say, and took us directly to the grass inside. The path across the lawn is paved with stone slabs, and every few stone slabs there is a red tile engraved with meteorological knowledge. After careful reading, I understand what artificial hail suppression is: it is to influence the clouds that may be generated over an area by artificial methods, so that the hail particles in the clouds will land on the ground before they become hail; What are freezing rain, temperature and humidity? Freezing rain is composed of supercooled water droplets, and the temperature is below 0. C object collision is frozen precipitation; Air temperature is a physical quantity to measure the degree of air heat and cold, indicating the average kinetic energy of air molecular movement; Humidity is the content of water vapor in the air and the degree of dryness and wetness. In meteorological observation, it is expressed by water vapor pressure, relative humidity and dew point.

After reading these, I looked up and saw many weather measuring tools! At this time, the staff is explaining the wind pole to the students. The wind pole is a pole with white upper section and red lower section. It is very high, with 10 meters, and it is getting thinner and thinner from bottom to top. At the top of the pole, there are three things, such as a small spoon and a shovel. The staff said that three spoons measure the wind speed, and you can see that it will turn faster and slower with the size of the wind. The shovel is used to measure the wind direction, and it will rotate with the wind direction. The louver box is actually our most common temperature measuring box. It is a cuboid box, supported by a cylindrical bracket, and each one has vent holes. The staff opened the door of the louver. At this time, I saw five thermometers, three horizontally and one vertically on both sides.

Next to the shutter, it is something like a cannon. The staff said it was a solar radiometer, measuring ultraviolet rays. The solar radiometer has five values, namely total radiation, ground reflection radiation, direct sunlight, flash radiation and net radiation. A tool for measuring direct sunlight is like a microscope. As the sun rotates, sunlight always shines on it, while flash radiation is filtered solar radiation. Each radiation sensor is like a small flying saucer. On the edge of the grassland, there is an uncultivated land surrounded by short railings. Above it, there is a temperature shelf, four thermometers are buried in the ground and three are flat. The staff said that this is the ground and underground temperature field, and the depths of the four thermometers buried underground are 5cm, 10 cm, 15 cm and 20 cm respectively.

Back at the door, the staff finally introduced the cannon that I had been puzzled about. It is called 37 anti-aircraft gun, which is used for artificial hail suppression to reduce the harm of hail to people. It turned out that a simple weather forecast we saw had to go through such complicated measurements to get the result. We really can't underestimate the weather forecast, let alone the weather station that covers an area of less than 500m2.