Typhoon knowledge quiz (typhoon knowledge)

Key points of preventing typhoon injury

1, typhoon damage is serious, don't ignore it. The injury rate of people who don't care about typhoon hazards is 17 times that of people who care about typhoon hazards.

2. The key time to prevent typhoon damage is 65438+ 0~6 hours before the typhoon lands, especially 3~4 hours before landing, not when landing. Therefore, all preparations should be completed 12 hours and 1~6 hours before the typhoon lands. Avoid going out and try to stay indoors. People who are not indoors are four times more likely to get hurt than those who stay indoors.

3. The prevention of typhoon injury focuses on men and the elderly, especially those over 70 years old.

4. The main causes of typhoon casualties are house collapse, hard objects and falls. Therefore, people in dangerous houses must be evacuated in time.

5. Reinforce the doors and windows 12 hours before the typhoon, and don't close the doors and windows or repair the house temporarily.

The meaning of typhoon blue warning signal: it may be affected by tropical cyclones within 24 hours, with an average wind force of more than 6 or a gust of more than 7; Or have been affected by tropical cyclones, the average wind force is 6~7, or the gust is 7~8 and may continue.

The yellow warning signal of typhoon means: it may be affected by tropical cyclones within 24 hours, with an average wind force of more than 8 or a gust of more than 9; Or it has been affected by tropical cyclones, with an average wind force of 8~9, or a gust of 9~ 10 and may continue.

The meaning of the orange warning signal of typhoon: it may be affected by tropical cyclones within 12 hours, and the average wind force may reach 10 or above, or the gust 1 1 above; Or have been affected by tropical cyclones, the average wind force 10~ 1 1, or the gust1/kloc-0 ~/2 may continue.

The meaning of typhoon red warning signal: It may or may have been affected by tropical cyclones within 6 hours, and the average wind force may reach or reach 12 or above and may continue.

Typhoons can be prevented. With the rapid development of science and technology, the specific moving direction, landing place and time of the wind can be accurately predicted with modern equipment. As long as we take effective defensive measures, improve the level of scientific detection and early warning, do a good job in prevention and rescue, seek advantages and avoid disadvantages, and minimize the degree of disasters. Before the typhoon comes, we should pay attention to watching the typhoon disaster weather warning information released by meteorological stations at all levels. In order to ensure the safety of primary and secondary school students, we should make corresponding preparations in advance, minimize going out, stay away from low-lying areas and dangerous areas such as the seaside, and stay away from dangerous facilities or articles such as trees and billboards. Move schools, students and residents in dangerous areas to safe areas in advance.

2. Typhoon warning

The typhoon is coming, how to prevent it?

1, be alert to typhoon trends, pay attention to listening to and watching media reports, or learn about the latest situation of typhoons through meteorological consultation telephones and meteorological websites.

2. When the typhoon comes, close the doors and windows to prevent it from raining, and remove the flowerpots on the windowsill or balcony to prevent them from falling.

When the typhoon comes, it is easy for some large billboards to fall, trees to be blown down and telephone poles to fall to the ground. It's best to avoid going out when the typhoon comes.

People who have to go out to work must choose a safe zone when avoiding the wind and rain, and be careful to "fly" to cause trouble. In the wild, we should pay attention to the dangers such as road collapse and broken trees.

5. Typhoon weather will cause water accumulation on the road surface and ground sliding, which will affect driving or cars and cause accidents. Therefore, drivers must slow down when driving, and friends who ride bicycles had better choose to walk or take the bus in bad weather.

6. If you find the high-voltage tower toppling, the wires drooping or breaking, don't approach it, let alone touch it with your hands, because it will easily lead to electric shock accidents.

Typhoon prevention:

1. After the typhoon warning is issued by the Meteorological Observatory, don't go to the area where the typhoon passes or swim on the beach, let alone go sailing; People who go out should go home as soon as possible.

2. The residents living in the building should close the windows and take away the things on the balcony (flowerpots, clothes hangers, etc.). ); Reinforce outdoor objects that are easy to blow.

The public should pay attention to the typhoon news broadcast and published by the media and take preventive measures.

4. Clean the drainage pipes to keep the drainage unblocked.

5. Ships should enter the safe haven in time.

6. When the typhoon strikes, don't go near the window to avoid being hurt by the broken window glass.

3. A small problem about typhoon

There are two main conditions for the formation of typhoons: first, the ocean temperature is relatively high; The second is rich water vapor.

In the sea area with high temperature, some disturbances occurred in the atmosphere, and a large amount of air began to rise, which reduced the ground pressure. At this time, the peripheral air in the rising sea area keeps flowing into the rising area, and the flowing air rotates like a wheel due to the rotation of the earth. The rising air expands and cools, and the water vapor in it cools and condenses into water droplets, releasing heat, which in turn promotes the rise of low-level air, makes the ground pressure drop lower, and the air rotates more violently, thus forming a typhoon.

Typhoons only occur in tropical oceans. The sea surface temperature there is very high, so that the lower air can fully accept the water from the sea surface.

It is also the place with the richest water vapor on the earth, which is the main driving force for the formation and development of typhoons. Without this motivation, the typhoon will dissipate even if it is formed.

Secondly, there is a certain distance from the equator, and the deflection force generated by the earth's rotation plays a certain role, which is conducive to the development of cyclone circulation and the strengthening of airflow convergence. Third, the tropical sea surface is simpler than the mid-latitude sea surface. Therefore, the air over the same sea area can often remain stable for a long time, so that typhoons have enough time to accumulate energy and brew wind.

Under this condition, as long as there is a suitable trigger mechanism, typhoons will form and strengthen in some tropical waters, for example, the divergent airflow in the upper air or the trade winds in the northern and southern hemispheres meet slightly north of the equator. According to statistics, in tropical oceans, typhoons often occur in areas where the sea surface temperature exceeds 26-27℃.

The oceans that produce typhoons are mainly the ocean east of the Philippines, the South China Sea, the West Indies and the east coast of Australia. The seawater temperature in these places is relatively high, and it is also the place where the trade winds in the northern and southern hemispheres meet.

4. Ask for typhoon knowledge

Typhoon is a classification of tropical cyclones in Asia-Pacific countries or regions north of the equator and west of international date line. In meteorology, according to the definition of the World Meteorological Organization, the sustained wind speed of tropical cyclone center reaches 12 (that is, more than 64 knots, more than 32.7 meters per second, or more than 1 18 kilometers per hour), which is called hurricane or other local synonyms. The synonym used in the Pacific Northwest is typhoon. Both the World Meteorological Organization and the Japan Meteorological Agency regard this as the highest level of tropical cyclone, but some meteorological departments will set a higher level according to their needs, such as the strong typhoon and super typhoon at the China Central Meteorological Observatory and the Hong Kong Observatory, the strong typhoon in central weather bureau, Taiwan Province Province, and the super typhoon at the United States Typhoon Warning Center.

Broadly speaking, the word "typhoon" is not the intensity of tropical cyclones. In Taiwan Province Province, Japan and other places in China, tropical cyclones (including tropical storms, severe tropical storms and typhoons defined by the World Meteorological Organization) whose central sustained wind speed reaches17.2m per second are called typhoons. On informal occasions, "typhoon" even directly refers to the tropical cyclone itself. When the tropical cyclone in the northwest Pacific reaches the intensity of tropical storm, RSMC and Japan Meteorological Agency will number and name it, and the name will be provided by 14 countries and regions of the Typhoon Committee of the World Meteorological Organization.

5. Seek typhoon knowledge urgently.

Typhoon is a strong storm that occurs in the tropical oceans of the northwest Pacific Ocean and the South China Sea.

You must have seen a vortex appear in the river from time to time. In fact, a typhoon is an air vortex, which rotates around its center in the atmosphere and moves forward at the same time. It rotates counterclockwise in the northern hemisphere and clockwise in the southern hemisphere.

Meteorology calls the vortex in the atmosphere a cyclone, because the vortex in the typhoon atmosphere is produced on the surface of the tropical ocean, so it is called a tropical cyclone. Why is it called typhoon? Some people say that in the past, people didn't understand that typhoons originated in the Pacific Ocean and thought that this huge storm came from Taiwan Province Province, so it was called a typhoon. Some people think that the typhoon hit Guangdong Province the hardest, and it evolved from Cantonese "gale".

In fact, almost all countries and regions located on the west coast of the ocean are affected by tropical marine cyclones, but people in different regions have given it different names. Typhoons in the northwest Pacific and the South China Sea, hurricanes in the Atlantic Ocean, the Caribbean Sea, the Gulf of Mexico and the East Pacific, tropical storms in the Indian Ocean and the Bay of Bengal, and tropical cyclones in Australia.

The naming and numbering of typhoons differ from country to country in the naming, definition, classification and determination of the center position of tropical cyclones. Even in the same country, different meteorological stations are not exactly the same. Therefore, it often causes various misunderstandings and confusion in use.

In order to change this situation, the meteorological department adopted the method of naming typhoons. At the end of World War II, the United States identified four groups of girls' names with English letters (except Q, U, X, Y and Z) for the first time to name Atlantic hurricanes.

Each group is arranged in alphabetical order. Such as the first group: Anna, B 1anche (Blanche), Camil.te (Camille), etc. Until wda (wenda); Group 2: A 1nla (Alma), Becl(J/ (Becky), Cella (Celia), etc. Until Willner; The third and fourth groups are also named according to a to W.

When a plane detects a typhoon, it will be named according to the order in which it appears. The first one will be named Anna, and the second one will be named B 1Anche, etc. When the first group of names is used up, use the names headed by the second group A again.

The first typhoon name in the second year is followed by the last typhoon name in the previous year, which can be recycled. It is impossible for a typhoon to occur in any area in a year to exceed the sum of these four groups of names.

Take the Pacific Northwest, which has the most typhoons in the world, for example, there are no more than 50 typhoons a year. Therefore, in the same year, it is impossible for each region to have the same name.

Of course, the names of typhoons will be repeated in different years. Therefore, in front of the typhoon name.

Be sure to indicate the year to show the difference. Starting from 1959, China began to adopt the intensity and method of typhoon numbering.

All typhoons formed or invaded in the Pacific Ocean and South China Sea to the west of east longitude 150 degrees and north of the equator are numbered according to the order of occurrence. For example, the first typhoon number of 1999 is 990 1, the second typhoon number is 9902, and so on.

This typhoon numbering method has been adopted by meteorological stations in many countries and regions. Some countries have long been accustomed to using the English names of typhoons, except the numbers.

At the same time, it also indicates the English name of the typhoon. Typhoons are classified according to the intensity of tropical cyclones in meteorology.

The United Nations World Meteorological Organization has formulated an internationally unified classification standard for tropical cyclones: the maximum wind force in the center is 7 (.

6. Typhoon knowledge

1. What is a typhoon? Typhoon is actually a strong tropical cyclone.

Tropical cyclone is a strong weather system that occurs in tropical ocean. Like a vortex moving forward in a flowing river, it rotates rapidly around the center and moves forward with the surrounding atmosphere. In tropical cyclones in the northern hemisphere, the airflow rotates counterclockwise around the center, while in the southern hemisphere, it is the opposite.

The closer to the tropical cyclone center, the lower the air pressure and the stronger the wind. However, tropical cyclones with strong development, such as typhoons, have a calm and clear sky area at their center, that is, the typhoon eye.

The intensity of tropical cyclones occurring in tropical oceans varies greatly. When the maximum wind force near the center of tropical cyclone is less than 8, it is called tropical depression; Tropical storms are called winds of 8 or 9. Strong tropical storms with winds of 10 and 1 1; Only tropical cyclones with maximum wind force 12 near the center are called typhoons.

The generation and development of tropical cyclones need huge energy, so they are formed on the tropical ocean surface with suitable meteorological conditions such as high temperature and high humidity. According to statistics, tropical cyclones are generated in tropical oceans all over the world except the South Atlantic.

Tropical cyclone disaster is the most serious natural disaster, because its frequency is much higher than that of earthquake disaster, so its cumulative loss is also higher than that of earthquake disaster. 1991The tropical cyclone that landed in Bangladesh at the end of April claimed139,000 lives.

China is one of the countries suffering from the most tropical cyclones in the world. In recent years, its average annual loss is more than 100 billion yuan, and the loss caused by a strong tropical cyclone like typhoon 94 17 is more than 100 billion yuan. 2. What is the typhoon path? Looking down from space, the typhoon looks like a spinning top, and the trajectory of the spire of this virtual top is the typhoon path.

Throughout the history of typhoons, the paths of typhoons are various, and there has never been a typhoon with the same path. There are many reasons for the typhoon path, mainly because the typhoon is affected by complex atmospheric environment and other factors in the process of atmospheric movement.

If the atmospheric environment is a big palette, then the newly generated typhoon is like a canvas. When it is painted with different colors by the atmosphere in motion, it will produce different paths. At present, typhoons affecting China are mainly generated in the western Pacific Ocean, and their common path is: moving westward.

After the typhoon was generated from the east of the Philippines, the basic airflow around it was very weak. At this time, the movement of typhoon center is mainly internal force movement, and the direction is northwest. Due to the influence of the subtropical high at high altitude, the deep easterly airflow will guide the typhoon to move westward.

Typhoons moving along this path have the greatest impact on the coastal areas of Hainan, Guangdong and Guangxi, mostly in spring and autumn. Northwest moving path.

After the typhoon is generated in the eastern Philippines, it will encounter southerly winds with the axis from northwest to southeast. Under the guidance of this deep airflow, the typhoon will move from the east of the Philippines to the northwest, pass through bashi channel, and then cross the Taiwan Province Strait to approach the eastern part of Guangdong or the coastal area of Fujian, and land in the coastal areas of Taiwan Province, Fujian and Guangdong. If the starting latitude of the typhoon is high, it will pass through the Ryukyu Islands, land in the coastal areas of Zhejiang, Shanghai and Jiangsu, and even reach Shandong and Liaoning.

Typhoons moving along this path have the greatest impact on Taiwan Province Province, eastern Guangdong Province and Fujian Province, and such typhoons mostly appear in late July to early September. Turning path.

The typhoon generated from the east of the Philippines and moved to the northwest. When it is blocked by the western Pacific subtropical high or the offshore westerly trough, it will turn northeast and move to the Korean Peninsula or Japan. This turning typhoon can be divided into three categories: turning eastward, transiting and turning westward.

Among them, the typhoon that turns west, especially after landing in China's coastal areas, turns to the northeast, and its path is parabolic, which is also the most common path. The typhoon moving along this path has the greatest impact on the eastern coastal areas of China. Most of these typhoons occur in summer and autumn, but the latitude of the turning point changes with the seasons, with summer in the northernmost part and spring in the southernmost part.

Special path. When the environment of typhoon changes rapidly, or there are multiple typhoons interacting at sea, the moving path of typhoon will become very strange, just like the gyro is affected by external force when it rotates, and the center will move in a cyclone arc.

When this movement is just opposite to the original movement direction, it will lead to the stagnation and rotation of the typhoon. If the external force is unbalanced, it will swing from side to side, like a moving snake. Such a moving path is more complicated and more difficult to predict, so it is more prone to disasters.

For example, Typhoon Lily (200 1) has a special moving path. After it was formed, it slowly turned around the northern waters of Taiwan Province Province, landed near Yilan, Taiwan Province Province, and rushed to the Taiwan Province Strait after 44 hours of raging, and finally landed again in Chaoyang and Huilai, bringing serious disasters and huge losses to the local area. Typhoon "Lily" lasted 14 days, strengthened into a typhoon three times and weakened into a tropical storm three times, and its peculiar path left a deep impression on people.

China's meteorological departments attach great importance to the monitoring of typhoons, and the moving path of typhoons is the focus of monitoring. In the era of underdeveloped science and technology, it is impossible to monitor the generation and movement of typhoons because of the large ocean area, and typhoons are often not discovered until they approach ships and land.

In the 1960s, after meteorological satellites were put into operation, every typhoon, especially its moving path, could not escape the eyes of the satellites. Since then, the meteorological department has never missed the news of a typhoon. Advanced satellite remote sensing technology has provided great help for typhoon observation and forecast. Starting from 1980, meteorological departments can basically make correct typhoon forecasts for typhoons landing in China.

With the development of satellite remote sensing, radar detection and numerical forecasting technology, the level of typhoon monitoring and forecasting can be reached to a higher level, and the typhoon track is in people's hands.

7. typhoon knowledge

I live in Fujian and have some research on meteorology, so I will answer you in my own language.

First, not all typhoons go into the sea. Some typhoons failed to land, some disappeared after landing, and some went into the sea after landing. Because the typhoon moves along the turning flow at the edge of the subtropical high system, and sometimes it is affected by many factors such as the suppression of cold air from north to south, the path is uncertain. Just like flying a paper plane, it is difficult to predict what specific route it will fly along. Before flying the paper plane, you can only roughly predict its flight direction. The generation and development of typhoons must be on the surface of tropical oceans, and there must be sufficient water vapor and heat. If it goes ashore, it will cut off the source of water vapor and disappear naturally. If you just go ashore and enter the sea, it will probably "recover", just like every typhoon passing through Taiwan Province Province is much smaller immediately after being cut off by the central mountain range of Taiwan Province Province, so typhoons coming to Xiamen are generally smaller.

Secondly, typhoons in the northern hemisphere generally turn to airflow along the subtropical high system and rotate counterclockwise. The general path of many typhoons is also counterclockwise. Therefore, the typhoon wind direction generated by the tropical Philippines must be left to China or Japan, and it is impossible to right to the United States.

For example, the Pacific subtropical high is imagined as a circle tangent to Chinese mainland and the Japanese archipelago. Typhoons generally appear in circular tracks. If it is counterclockwise, in the Asia-Pacific region, we are in the left semicircle, so you can imagine that the counterclockwise direction of the left semicircle must be to Taiwan Province Province or the coastal areas of Japan and China. In the same way, the typhoon-prone area in the United States is on the east coast of the United States, because typhoons in the Atlantic Ocean all go to the United States.

There is no such thing as a typhoon walking along the seaside. If the subtropical high controls the mainland, the forecast path of typhoon can go deep into the mainland, but the water vapor condition will be cut off after landing and will soon weaken.

The area affected by typhoon can't be away from the seaside. A typhoon must start from the sea and cannot go very far after reaching land. The tropical ocean heat and a lot of seawater are the source power of typhoons.

A typhoon landing is like unplugging an electric fan. The blades will move for a period of time due to inertia, and then stop immediately unless the power supply is turned on again.

I wonder if my explanation is clear.

Answer your supplementary question: tropical depression is generated on the surface of tropical ocean. Under normal circumstances, as long as you don't land, even if you reach the temperate ocean, it will not weaken, but will strengthen into a tropical storm, typhoon, or maintain. Unless it is strongly suppressed by strong cold air from the mainland.

If you have landed and then entered the sea, you may strengthen and land again. For example, what was the name of the typhoon that arrived in Hainan a few days ago? It was like this the other day. Of course, there is another situation. After the typhoon reached the land, such as Chinese mainland, it has been reduced too much. After entering the sea again, it has been below the temperate temperature, and the heat is insufficient to get angry, which continues to weaken. The situation is not single, it needs to be analyzed in detail.

8. typhoon self-help knowledge

Typhoon safety self-help

1. Don't go swimming or going out to sea after seeing the typhoon warning.

Prepare enough water, candles, flashlights and food.

3. Strengthen outdoor wires and outdoor antennas. , and close the doors and windows.

4. Pay attention to hygiene, safety and epidemic prevention.

5. Try to hide in a solid building, and don't get close to trees, huts or other simple buildings to avoid injury.

6. Don't hide under buildings with billboards or glass curtain walls to avoid being injured by collapsed billboards or falling glass.

7. Walk away from tall buildings and avoid being hurt by falling objects. And pay attention to traffic to prevent traffic accidents.

9. What is a typhoon, a little common sense of typhoon?

Typhoon is a classification of tropical cyclones in Asia-Pacific countries or regions north of the equator and west of international date line.

In meteorology, according to the definition of the World Meteorological Organization, the sustained wind speed of tropical cyclone center reaches 12 (that is, more than 64 knots, more than 32.7 meters per second, or more than 1 18 kilometers per hour), which is called hurricane or other local synonyms. The synonym used in the Pacific Northwest is typhoon.

Both the World Meteorological Organization and the Japan Meteorological Agency regard this as the highest level of tropical cyclone, but some meteorological departments will set a higher level according to their needs, such as the strong typhoon and super typhoon at the China Central Meteorological Observatory and the Hong Kong Observatory, the strong typhoon in central weather bureau, Taiwan Province Province, and the super typhoon at the United States Typhoon Warning Center. Broadly speaking, the word "typhoon" is not the intensity of tropical cyclones.

In Taiwan Province Province, Japan and other places in China, tropical cyclones (including tropical storms, severe tropical storms and typhoons defined by the World Meteorological Organization) whose central sustained wind speed reaches17.2m per second are called typhoons. On informal occasions, "typhoon" even directly refers to the tropical cyclone itself.

When the tropical cyclone in the northwest Pacific reaches the intensity of tropical storm, RSMC and Japan Meteorological Agency will number and name it, and the name will be provided by 14 countries and regions of the Typhoon Committee of the World Meteorological Organization. According to international practice, the maximum wind force near its center is divided into: tropical depression with maximum wind speed of 6-7, (10.8-17.1m/s); Tropical storm with maximum wind speed of 8-9 (17.2-24.4m/s); Strong tropical storm, maximum wind speed 10~ 1 1, (24.5 ~ 32.6m/s); Typhoon (typhoon), maximum wind speed 12~ 13, (32.7 ~ 41.4m/s); Strong typhoon with maximum wind speed14 ~15 (41.5 ~ 50.9 m/s); Super typhoon with maximum wind speed ≥ 16 (≥5 1.0m/s).