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Li Wa Biography, also known as Biography of Lady Shu, is a famous novel in the Tang Dynasty, written by Bai Xingjian.

Bai Xingjian, a writer in the Tang Dynasty, was born in Weinan, Shanxi, and was the third brother of Bai Juyi. At the end of Zhenyuan, Jinshi and Yuanhe awarded Zuo Shiyi and moved to the doctor.

Bai Xingjian often lived with his brother Bai Juyi all his life, taking his brother as a teacher and studying poetry. The style of writing is quite changed, and he is good at poetry and fu, especially legends. He is the author of 20 volumes of White Doctor. His Biography of Li Wa has been circulated for thousands of years and occupies an important position in the history of ancient China literature. In December of the second year of Bao Li (826), Bai Juyi, the eldest brother of Bai Xingjian, died of illness and was buried in Bai Zuying in Yijinli, Weinan, Xiabang. Bai Juyi wrote an epitaph for him.

Li Wa, the wife of Shu, is a song and dance artist in Chang 'an. She is praised by people for her noble moral integrity and aloof personality. So the suggestion Bai Xingjian made a biography for her.

During the Tianbao period of the Tang Dynasty, there was a male Xingyang native, Changzhou Secretariat, who had a high reputation and many domestic slaves. He gave birth to a son at the age of 50. My son grew up to be twenty years old, handsome and smart, and his articles were well written, which was different from ordinary people. People praised him at that time. Xingyang Gong liked him very much and valued him very much, saying, "This is a pony of our family!" " "

This childe was chosen by the county to take the exam in Beijing. Before leaving, let him put on very elegant clothes at home and take a lot of horses and chariots. After calculating his daily life in Beijing, his father said to him, "I think your talent has been admitted at once." Now I have prepared two years' expenses for you. In order to realize your ambition, I must provide you with all of them. "The childe is also very confident, see fame easily.

My son set out from piling to Chang 'an for more than a month and lived in Buzheng. He has been to Dongshi, and after he came back, he entered from the East Gate of Pingkang, intending to visit his friends in the southwest of Beijing. When I arrived at Mingke Canal, I saw a small courtyard house, but it was tight and deep. Only one door was closed, and a young girl stood there with her hand on the shoulder of a maid with two buns. Her figure and appearance were so beautiful that she could hardly find a second one at that time. After seeing the girl, the son stopped the horse unconsciously and lingered for a long time. So I pretended that the whip fell to the ground and waited for the follower to come so that he could pick it up. I squinted at the girl many times, and the girl turned to stare at her son as if she loved him very much. Finally, my son left without saying anything.

Since then, my son seems to have lost something mentally, so he secretly called a friend who is familiar with Chang' an to inquire. The friend said, "That's where the prostitute Li lives." The son asked again, "This young girl, can I pursue her?" The answer is that this Li is rich, and most of the people who go to associate with her are nobles and rich people. She has a wide network of contacts, and if she doesn't reach a million dollars, she won't be tempted. The son said, "I am only worried that things will not succeed. Even if it is a million dollars, what can I bear?"

One day, my son put on clean clothes and went with a large group of followers. Someone was sent to knock at the door Soon, a maid came out to open the door The son said, "Whose house is this?" The servant girl didn't answer, so she ran back and shouted, "That's the boy who dropped his whip on the ground the other day!" "Li Wa pleasantly surprised, said," you can keep him for a while. I have to dress up and change before I go out. " Childe heard this, secretly happy.

The maid then took her son to the screen and saw an old woman with white hair and a hunchback. This is Liwa's mother. The scholar went up to him, knelt down and said, "I heard there is a vacant room here, and I want to rent it." Is it true? " The old woman said, "I am afraid that the house is humble, low and narrow, and it is not enough for the guests to live, so I dare not mention the lease." He introduced his son into the living room, where the house was magnificent. The old woman and the scholar sat down and said, "I have a petite daughter whose skill level is not high." I'm glad to see the guests. I want her to come out and meet you. " Then let Liwa out.

Li Wa has bright eyes, white wrists and beautiful steps. The son stood up in surprise and dared not look up. After the visit, I talked about the warm and cold weather. Li Wa's every move made her feel charming, which she had never seen before.

After the son sat down again, Liwa cooked tea and poured wine, and all the utensils used were clean. After a long time, it was getting dark and drums were playing everywhere. The old woman asked the scholar how far away he lived. My son lied to her and said, "I live a few miles outside Yanping Gate." Childe is deliberately said that the journey is far away, hoping to become Li Wa overnight. The old woman said, "The drums have already sounded. You should hurry back and don't violate the night ban. " The son said, "It's nice to meet you today, but I didn't know it was late." But my journey is too long and I have no relatives in the city. What should I do? "Li Wa said," If you don't mind a small and simple house, what does it matter if you just want to stay here for one night? "The scholar looked at the old woman several times with his eyes, and the old woman said," Good, good. The scholar called a page and invited him to dinner with two silks in his hand. "。 Li Wa stopped with a smile: "This is against the ceremony of the host and guest. How can it cost you money? ".I'll pay tonight. I want to provide you with a simple meal according to the situation of the poor family, and the rest will be discussed later. "Li Wa resolutely refused, and finally didn't accept childe silk.

Please go to Westinghouse and sit down later. I looked at the curtains and bed curtains. They were all gorgeous. Dresser, pillow and quilt are also very luxurious and beautiful. So I lit candles and brought food. The variety and taste of the dishes are great. After dinner, the old woman stood up and walked away, and the conversation between her son and Liwa became cordial, humorous and witty, and nothing was not involved. The son said, "some time ago, I occasionally passed by your door and saw you near the screen wall in front of the door." Since then, I have often missed you, even when I was sleeping and eating. " Li Wa replied, "My heart is the same." The son said, "I didn't come here for a few days, but to realize my lifelong wish." I just don't know what my destiny is. "

Words haven't say that finish, the old lady came over and asked the meaning of childe said this. The son told the old woman all his worries. The old woman smiled and said, "It is natural for men and women to love each other. If you get along emotionally, even your parents' orders can't stop you. "I am an ugly girl, how can I be a daughter-in-law for my son?" The son walked down the steps, bowed deeply, thanked her and said, "If you promise, even if you let me be your servant." The old lady then treated her son as a son-in-law, and had a good drink and finished it.

The next morning, my son moved all his luggage and belongings out and lived in Liwa's house. Since then, my son has been hiding from relatives and friends, getting together with singers and actors every day, getting close, playing and visiting banquets. Soon, he spent all the money in his pocket, so he had to sell his horses and chariots and his young servant. In just over a year, all the money, servants and horses were gone. So the old woman's attitude gradually became a little negligent, and Li Wa's affection deepened.

One day, Li Wa said to her son, "I have been with you for a year, and I am not pregnant. I often hear that the bamboo forest god is responsive and very effective. " I'm going to offer wine and food sacrifices and pray to God, okay? "Childe didn't know it was a trap, so he was very happy.

So I became clothes in the pawnshop and prepared sacrifices such as cattle, pigs, sheep and sweet wine. After preparing the sacrifice, Liwa and I went to the temple dedicated to God and prayed to God. I stayed for one night before I went back, and my son followed me on a donkey. At the north gate of the alley, Riva said to her son, "Turn east from here, and there is an alley where my aunt lives. I'm going to have a rest there and visit my menstruation, okay? " Childe agreed.

After less than a hundred steps, I saw a courtyard gate. Looking inside, it's spacious. The maid said in the back of the car, "Here we are." When the son got off the donkey, someone just came out and asked, "Who?" Replied: "Li Wa." So he went in to report. After a while, a woman of about forty came out and greeted her son and said, "Is my niece there?" When Liwa got off the bus, the woman greeted him and asked, "Why didn't you come for so long?" Smile at each other.

Li Wa led her son to see the woman. After I saw it, I went into Simon's yard together. There are mountains, pavilions, bamboos and trees in the courtyard, and the house by the pond is very quiet. The son said to Liwa, "Is this your aunt's private house?" Li Wa just laughed and faltered in other languages. After a while, tea and fruit were served, which was very precious and strange. During the dinner, suddenly a man came riding a famous horse in Dawan, sweating profusely, and said, "The old lady was suddenly seriously ill and hardly knew anyone. Please come back quickly. "

Li Wa said to menstruation, "My heart is at sixes and sevens. I'll ride back first, and then let the horse come back. Come with him. " My son is going with Liwa. Li Wa's aunt and maid whispered for a while, waved her son to stop outside the door and said, "The old lady is going to die. You should discuss the funeral with me to deal with this emergency. Why do you want to go at once? " The son stayed and calculated the expenses of the funeral with his aunt.

At dusk, the servant on horseback didn't come. Aunt said, "I haven't received a reply yet. What happened? Go and see her! I will arrive later. " The son then left. He rushed to Li Wa's original residence. When he saw it, the door was locked tightly and sealed with mud. He was shocked and asked his neighbors there. Neighbor said: "Liwa used to rent here, the lease has expired, and the owner has taken back the house." The old lady moved away and has been gone for two nights. " Asked where she moved, she said, "I don't know her new place."

Childe wants to run to Yang Xuan and ask Li Wa's aunt what's going on. But it was already late, and after calculating the distance, I couldn't get there either, so I took off my clothes as collateral, got something to eat, and rented a bed to sleep. My son is very angry. He didn't sleep a wink from night to morning. At dawn, he rode a lame donkey to Yang Xuan. When I arrived, I knocked on the door again and again, and no one answered when I knocked on a meal. Childe shouted along while, an official came out slowly. The son hurried forward and asked him, "Does Liwa's aunt live here?" The answer is: "No." The son said, "It was still here at dusk yesterday. Why are you hiding? " Asked whose house this is, he replied, "This is Cui Shangshu's house. Yesterday, a man rented this house, saying it was used to wait for his distant cousin, but he left before dusk. "

My son was so scared that he was at a loss and was going crazy. He didn't know what to do, so he went back to the original place of the envoy. The master gave him food because he sympathized with him. Because of resentment and resentment, my son didn't eat for three days, so he was seriously ill. After more than ten days, his condition worsened. The shopkeeper was afraid that he could not afford to get sick, so he moved to the funeral parlour. But childe's condition did not improve, and people in the shop sighed for him and took turns feeding him.

Later, I was a little better, and I could get up with crutches. From then on, the funeral shop hired him every day, let him pull the coffin account and get some remuneration to support himself. After a few months, my son gradually recovered. Every time he heard songs mourning the dead in the funeral shop, he sighed himself and felt that he was not as good as those who died. So I began to cry in a low voice. I couldn't help myself. Every time I send the spirit back, I imitate the lamentation.

Childe is a wise man, so he soon mastered all the skills of singing elegies, even in Chang 'an. At first, two funeral shops rented funeral appliances, and the two shopkeepers competed for the outcome. The paper chariots and horses in Dongdian are all novel and gorgeous, and few people can compare with them except the singer's elegy at the funeral. The owner of Dongdian knew that his son sang elegy very well, so he pooled 20 thousand yuan to hire him. The senior singer of his son's partner secretly taught him new songs and practiced with him for more than ten days. No one knows about it. The owners of the two funeral shops said to each other, "I think we should display the rented utensils on Tianmen Street to see who is superior and who is inferior." If you can't win, you'll be fined 50 thousand, so you can use it as a meal. Is that okay? " Both shopkeepers agreed. So I asked someone to make a contract, wrote a guarantor, and then showed all the appliances.

After hearing the news, men and women in the city came to watch the excitement and gathered tens of thousands of people. Seeing this situation, the person in charge of the street reported to Cao, the thief in charge of public security, and Cao reported to the Consul of Kyoto.

Early this morning, people from all directions came and the residents in the alley came out. From morning to noon, the two stores displayed funerals and other sacrificial vessels, and successively introduced paper rafts, cars, paper rituals and other things. Western shops are no match for them, and their owners are ashamed. Then xipu set up a high couch in the southeast corner. A bearded man walked onto the stage with a bell and several people surrounded him. He stroked his beard, raised his eyebrows, shook his wrist, nodded, boarded the couch and sang an elegy called "White Horse". Relying on his usual fame, he sang and looked around like no one was watching. After singing, the audience praised in unison. He himself thinks that his singing skills are superb and unparalleled. At this time, I saw that the boss of Dongpu also placed several connected high couches in North Point. A boy in a black mourning towel was surrounded by five or six people with decorations on the coffin in his hand. He is a son. I saw him calmly adjust his clothes and calmly raise his head. First, his voice is singing, and his expression seems to be unable to sing because of sadness. Childe's elegy named "Autumn Dew" became louder and louder, and the song shook the Woods. Before the song was finished, the spectators were deeply moved and sighed, and some even hid their faces and wept. Everyone laughed at xipu's poor singing skills, and xipu's master felt even more embarrassed. Put the lost money in front and sneaked away. The people in the seats around were shocked, and no one expected the result.

Prior to this, the imperial edict issued by the emperor was to let the county chiefs outside Beijing come to Beijing once a year, which was called "counting". At that time, I happened to meet my son's father in Beijing, put on casual clothes with his colleagues and secretly went there to have a look. There was an old servant who was the husband of his son's wet nurse. When he saw the elegiac singer, his attitude and tone were very similar to those of his lost son. He wanted to recognize him but was afraid, so he couldn't help crying. The son's father asked him in surprise, and he said, "The singer looks and acts like your dead son." The son's father said, "My son was killed by a robber because of his wealth. How did he get here? " Say that finish, also began to cry.

After coming back, the old servant found an opportunity to run to the funeral shop and asked the singers, "Who was the man who sang some time ago?" He sings so well! " They all say it's the son of a certain surname. I asked his name again and said it had been changed. The old servant was very surprised. He walked slowly over and looked at it carefully. At this time, the son saw the old servant and his face suddenly changed. He immediately turned around and wanted to hide in the crowd. The old servant then grabbed his sleeve and said, "Aren't you a son?" Holding hands, I began to cry, and I drove him back. When he arrived in the room, his father scolded him and said, "Your ambition and behavior have fallen to this point and defiled our family. How can we meet again? " So let the childe come out and go to the east of Qujiang Xixingyuan, stripped the childe's clothes and whipped hundreds of whips with a whip. Childe couldn't help but feel pain and fainted. His father left him.

Childe's master sent someone to secretly follow them from the beginning, and then went back to tell his accomplices, so they all sighed sadly, and then let two people take reed mats and prepare to bury him. When I got there, I touched the scholar's heart and felt a little warm, so I helped him up. After a long time, I gradually got a little breath, so everyone carried him back together. Everyone used reed pipes to fill him with water and spoons to feed him with water, and it took a night to come back to life.

After more than a month, the boy's hands and feet still couldn't move, and all the places where he was whipped were infected with pus and were badly dirty. Those who were with him hated him so much that they left him on the side of the road one night. Passers-by will feel sad when they see this situation, and often throw him some leftover food to fill his stomach.

It was ten days before my son could stand up on crutches. He was dressed in cloth, patched like a monk's patchwork, tattered and elegant like a bald-tailed quail. He was begging from door to door in residents' homes with a broken basin. From autumn to winter, he stays in a dirty cave at night and wanders around downtown during the day.

One morning it snowed heavily, and my son was hungry and cold, so he had to go out begging with the snow. The sound of begging is very sad, and everyone who hears and sees it feels very sad. It was snowing heavily at that time, and most households' doors were not opened. When the son arrived at the East Gate of Anyi, he walked along the wall in the alley and turned seven or eight houses to the north. A family only has the door open. This is Liwa's residence.

But the son didn't know, and shouted over and over again. Because of hunger and cold, the crying was sad and unbearable. Liwa heard it in the attic and said to the maid, "This must be the son. I recognized his voice. " She walked out quickly and saw the scholar dry and thin, covered with scabies, almost unlike human beings. Liwa was very moved and said to him, "Isn't this Mr. Lang?" Hearing this, the childe was filled with grief and indignation, fainted to the ground, speechless, and only nodded slightly.

Liwa walked over and hugged his neck, wrapped him in an embroidered coat and took him to the west wing. She couldn't help crying loudly: "It's all my fault that you have fallen into this situation!" I cried for a long time before I woke up. The old woman was shocked and ran over and said, "What's the matter?" Li Wa said, "It's my husband." The old woman immediately said, "We should drive him away. Why did you call him here? " Li Wa's face sank, she turned around, looked askance at the old woman and said, "You can't do this. He was originally the son of an innocent family. He came to our house in a tall carriage with expensive luggage. He used it up in less than a year and plotted to abandon him. This is not what people should do. He lost his ambition and was despised by people. The kinship between father and son, which was originally the bond of human nature, cut them off, and his father even killed him and abandoned him. Now the childe is in such a bad situation that everyone knows it is because of me. My son has many relatives who are officials in the imperial court. Once the relatives in power carefully find out the ins and outs of this matter, disaster will come. Besides, if you lied to God and failed people, ghosts and gods won't bless you, so don't make trouble for yourself. I have been your child for twenty years now, and I spent more than one thousand yuan. Now that you are over 60 years old, I am willing to work out the money spent on food and clothing in the past 20 years and give it back to you to redeem myself. I want to find another place to live with this person. Not far away, I can come to filial piety sooner or later, and my wish will be satisfied. " The old woman estimated that her ambition could not be changed, so she agreed.

After Li Wa gave the money to the old woman, there was still one hundred gold left. I visited four or five houses in the north and rented a vacant room there. So I bathed my son, changed his dirty clothes, made hot porridge for him to drink, stabilized his stomach, and then made him eat cheese to moisten his internal organs. After more than ten days, I let him eat something delicious. The headscarf, shoes and socks worn by childe are all precious new styles. In less than a few months, my son's muscles and skin gradually became full, and by the end of the year, he recovered completely, just like at the beginning.

One day, Li Wa said to her son, "Your health is good, and your ambition should be restored. Think carefully and silently recall your previous studies. Can you still lick it? " The son thought about it and said, "There are only two or three points left in ten." Liwa asked someone to hitchhike out. Childe followed on horseback. At the south side door of the flag pavilion, the bookstore sells four books and five classics, so that the childe can buy some from it. It takes 100 gold to calculate the cost. After I bought it, I loaded all the books into the car and shipped them back. So I told my son to get rid of all kinds of distractions, concentrate on his studies, and let him treat night as day and study hard.

Liwa often sits with her until midnight. When he is tired, ask him to write a poem. In just two years, Gongzi has made great achievements in his studies. I have read all the articles and books of China. The son said to Li Wa, "Now I can register for the exam." Li Wa said: "Before the time comes, knowledge must be excellent and proficient in order to win every battle."

After another year, Li Wa said, "You can go now." So as soon as my son went to the examination room, he was admitted to Grade A, and even the examiner in the Department of Ritual was shocked. Even the seniors read his article and expressed admiration and envy, and they were willing to make friends with him, but they couldn't find the opportunity. Li Wa said, "You can't do it now. Once they pass the exam, people with outstanding talents think that they can gain a glorious position in North Korea and occupy a good reputation in the world. And your past behavior is tainted, and your moral character is not superior, so you can't compare with other scholars. You must continue to sharpen your sharp weapon to win the second victory. At that time, you can make many literati and win the first place in the group. "

Childe from now on more diligent, reputation is higher and higher. That year was a triennial national examination. The emperor sent a letter to recruit talents from all over the world, and his son chose to try to "keep his word". The exam "Countermeasures" ranked first, and was awarded the post of Chengdu Governor's Office to join the army. Officials under the three public offices have become his friends.

When she was about to take office, Li Wa said to her son, "Now that you have restored your original identity, I have nothing to be sorry for you. I am willing to spend the rest of my life supporting my old mother. You should marry a noble woman to preside over the winter and autumn sacrifices. Being an official in North Korea like you, marrying me will tarnish your identity. I hope you cherish yourself and I will leave you from now on. "

The son cried and said, "If you leave me, I will commit suicide." Li Wa resolutely refused, refused to agree to the request of the childe. Childe repeated requests, more sincere attitude. Li Wa said, "Now I will send you across the Yangtze River. When I get to Jianmen, Sichuan, you have to let me come back. " Childe agreed. After more than a month, I arrived at Jianmen. Before we set out, the documents to transfer the official position arrived. Childe's father was also sent to Sichuan from Changzhou on the orders of the emperor, and was appointed as the magistrate of Chengdu. He also served as an interviewer for Jiannan. Twelve days later, the son's father also arrived at Jianmen.

The son then sent a business card and went to the post office to see the prefect. Father dare not admit it. He was shocked when he saw the official names of his grandfather and father on the business card. He told his grandson to walk up the steps, caressed his back and cried for a long time, saying, "Your father-son relationship with me is the same as before." So he asked about his son's experience, and the son described all his experiences. Childe's father felt very strange and asked where Li Wa was. The son said, "She sent me and sent her back." The father said, "Never."

The next day, he ordered to prepare the vehicle. Father and son went to Chengdu first, left Liwa at Jianmen, and built a house for Liwa to live in. The next day, let the matchmaker go to matchmaking, go to Jianmen to get married according to all the etiquette of marriage, and then get married formally. After Li Wa got married, on holidays, a daughter-in-law thought carefully about everything she should do. Housework management is strict and organized, which is very popular and praised by in-laws.

A few years later, my son's parents died and they were extremely filial. Soon, Ganoderma lucidum grew in the mourning cottage, with three flowers in one ear, and the official of Jiannan Road reported this to the emperor. There are dozens of Bai Yan's nests on the roof of the building where they live. The son of heaven was surprised by this and gave a reward and reward in particular. After the mourning period, my son was promoted to a prominent and noble position many times. In ten years, she worked as an official in several counties, and Li Wa was named the princess's wife. They have four sons, all of whom have become big officials, and the lowest official has also been a magistrate in Taiyuan. Brothers and in-laws are all famous families, and their relatives are prosperous and developed, which is unparalleled.

Alas! A dissolute prostitute, whose moral integrity can reach this level, even an ancient martyr can't surpass it. How can she not sympathize with her? My uncle used to be a herdsman in Jinzhou, and later transferred to the household registration department and worked as an ambassador for land and water transportation. All three of them have done work handover with that son, so they are familiar with these things.

During Zhenyuan period, I talked with Li Gongzuo in Longxi about women's moral integrity, so I described the story of Mrs. Guo. Hearing this, Li Gongzuo has been clapping his hands and cheering, and asked me to give Li Wa an instant biography. So I picked up a pen and dipped it in ink, and wrote it out in detail for preservation. The time is in autumn and August. Bai Xingjian of Taiyuan.