Qiao Shan detailed information daquan

Qiao Shan, known as Meishan in ancient times, is commonly known as Beishan, also known as Yehe Mountain. Located in the northernmost part of Fufeng County, Shaanxi Province, it is13.7km long from east to west and 6km wide from north to south. Linyou county is bounded by Sizui Mountain in the north, Tiandu, Nanyang and Huangdui in the south of Qiaoshan Mountain in the south, Diantou Town in Yongshou County in the east and Jingdang Township in Qishan County in the west. The area is about 149 square kilometers, accounting for 19.8% of the county's total area. Crock Ridge, the main peak of Qiao Shan. Altitude1579.8m.

Basic introduction Chinese name: Qiao Shan alias: ancient Meishan, commonly known as Beishan, also known as the mountain system to which Yehe Mountain belongs: Qian Shan Mountain Range, Qishan remnant vein, location: Fufeng County, Shaanxi Province, northwest, east-west length: 13.7km, north-south widest point: 6km, starting point: the northern end of Jingdang Township, Qishan County, west; East of the main peak of Diantou Town, Yongshou County: crock ridge elevation 1579.8m Area: about 149 square kilometers Geographical location, main peaks, natural environment, geomorphological features, natural resources, water resources, mineral resources, biological resources, geographical location and orientation Qiao Shan is located in the northernmost part of Fufeng County, Shaanxi Province, 25km away from the county seat, and its east-west length is/kloc. Linyou county is bounded by Sizui Mountain in the north, Tiandu, Nanyang and Huangdui in the south of Qiaoshan Mountain in the south, Diantou Town in Yongshou County in the east and Jingdang Township in Qishan County in the west. The area is about 149 square kilometers, accounting for 19.8% of the county's total area. Crock Ridge, the main peak of Qiao Shan. Altitude1579.8m, 2 km long and 2 km wide. The peaks are southwest and northeast, and the ridges are goose-shaped. The peak consists of layers of bluestone, natural grass on the mountainside and artificial trees at the foot of the mountain. Gullies are mostly V-shaped, and the cutting depth is 200 ~ 300 meters, which naturally forms the landform of alternating beams and valleys. The bedrock of the peak above 1000 meters above sea level is limestone weathered residual soil with a thickness of about 0.5m. Weathered karst can be seen locally with a thickness of 0.5 ~ 1.0m, and most of the rest is covered with loess. Liu, a scholar in the Qing Dynasty, wrote the poem "Crock Ridge": "Nearly five or six piles of roads are ethereal and green, not Chu caves, because one island is not Penglai. When purple bamboo is in the forest, red medicine is mostly planted from stone. Recently, there is a new structure of Dharma monks who drive tigers and thunder at night. " Mingyue Mountain: Also known as Quanfeng, commonly known as Guanzhong Mountain (now Nanyang Township), there is a Qingfeng Cave in the ravine. In ancient times, Jingguang Temple and Jixian Temple were built on the mountain, but now they have been abandoned. Longquan Mountain: Located in the west of Mingyue Mountain, commonly known as Xiguan Mountain (now Huangdui Township). Longquan Temple was built in the Sui Dynasty and has been abandoned. There are relics of the Sui Dynasty in the temple, which are now in the county museum. Maquanshan: Located in the east of Mingyue Mountain, commonly known as Dongguan Mountain (Tiandu Township). Liangshan: Located in Ma Quan, Shandong Province, bordering Yongshou County. King Tai of Zhou moved over the mountain. Yue Ming, Longquan, Ma Quan and Liangshan all belong to the southern vein of Qiaoshan Mountain, with an altitude of 1.000 meters above sea level. Shiro Mountain: It is named after the Shiro Temple at the top of the mountain. Elevation 1350m, east-west extension, length 1km, width 0.5km ... Sizui Mountain: the boundary mountain between this county and linyou county, which was called Wu Shuang in ancient times. Qinghe Prefecture instructed Liu Jing's poem "Sizui Mountain": "Why do you worship the heavy mountains and push the mountains to the sky? The dangerous mountains are higher than each other, and the traffic is uneven. Far away, the mountain faces the night, and the fairy flies around. No one has arrived in Can Cong, but the gods are willing to return. " Flint Mountain: It is also the boundary mountain of Fu Lin. Shiro, Sizui, Huoshi Mountain, Jiangjialing and Liu Jialiang all belong to Lishan Mountain, with an altitude of1079.4 ~1450m. Generally, the slope is 30 ~ 60. The surface layer of Mao Liang slope is composed of stones, stone chips, stone particles and soil particles, and the low and gentle slope is composed of red soil, red soil, stone slag and carbonate cinnamon soil. Geomorphological features of natural environment The mountainous area of Qiao Shan is the remnant vein of Qianshan Mountain, which extends eastward in the shape of a goose. The territory has undulating terrain, alternating ridges and valleys, deep ditches and steep slopes, and there are 283 large and small ditches with a total length of 288.7 kilometers. The average gully density is 1.96 km per square kilometer; The slope of the ground is 26 43', resulting in serious soil erosion. There are five rivers in China, with the watershed from Waguanling to Liu Jialiang. There are three rivers flowing into Qishui River in the north, namely Moshigou, Heigou and Jijiagou, and two rivers flowing into Weihe River in the south. The amount of water is small and changeable. Climate: It belongs to warm temperate zone and semi-humid monsoon climate zone. According to historical records, there have been many cold and warm changes in the history of the territory, and the range is generally small. Within a year, due to the influence of monsoon climate, the four seasons are distinct. In spring, tropical warm and humid air flows northward, the temperature rises rapidly and the precipitation increases obviously. However, it is easily affected by the southward movement of the polar cold air mass, with rapid and unstable temperature rise, large temperature difference between day and night, and many cold waves, frosts and strong winds. Spring droughts occur from time to time. Summer is mainly affected by subtropical high, with hot weather, many thunderstorms and strong winds. Rainfall distribution is extremely uneven, and there are often summer droughts and summer droughts to varying degrees. In autumn, with the strengthening of continental cold air mass, the subtropical high is forced to retreat eastward, and the warm and humid airflow and dry and cold airflow alternate with each other, resulting in rapid cooling and frequent rainy weather. Winter is controlled by Siberian cold air mass, and the climate is cold and dry, with the lowest temperature and scarce rain and snow. Basic climate features: four distinct seasons, long winter and short autumn, rich light and heat, accompanied by rain and heat, less rainfall, hot summer and cold winter. Soil: low mountain and hilly area, mainly natural soil such as rock debris developed on limestone, shale, schist and sandstone; Followed by dichromatic soil, red soil and yellow soil. The hilly area in the northern part of the county belongs to the scope of loss, which does not protect soil or water. The average annual erosion modulus is 2702 tons/km2, and the annual sediment discharge is 398,000 tons. Vegetation: 3000 years ago, most of Qiao Shan was virgin forest. After Zhou people moved to cities, they cut down a lot of forests, reclaimed wasteland and planted grains. In modern times, the original natural forest vegetation no longer exists except for a small number of secondary shrubs left in the wild rivers and mountains. From the late Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China, the northern mountainous area became a place where refugees fled and took refuge. They blindly destroyed forests and cultivated land, and the remaining trees were seriously damaged. The whole mountainous area has become barren hills and barren hills, and soil erosion has intensified. The number of trees in Sichuan and the plateau has also been greatly reduced, and the ecological imbalance has formed a vicious circle, which has affected agricultural production.

1960, County Yehe Forest Farm was established. In the following 10 year, forest farms were established in mountainous areas and along the mountains to plant trees. After 1970, various regions actively built farmland forest network and scattered trees around it, which increased vegetation and reduced soil erosion. Natural resources, water resources, surface water, Qixinghe River, also known as Qigou River and Huangdui Capital Area, also known as Sancha River, belong to the tertiary tributaries of Weihe River. Originated in Longquan Temple, Xiguan Mountain, at the southern foot of Qiao Shan in the northern part of the county, it flows into the river from north to south through Huangdui, Famen and Chengguan. The total length is 2 1km, and the drainage area is 142km2. The constant flow is less than 1 sec cubic meter, and the total annual runoff is 2.56 million cubic meters, all of which are impounded by the reservoir. This river has a long history. According to the textual research of Neolithic cultural sites along the river, the ancients lived by the water's edge in order to get water conveniently, indicating that there was already water in Qixinghe River.

Shui Mei River, also known as Yangmei River. It is a tertiary tributary of the Weihe River, which originates from Qiaoshan Stone Trough, and gathers water to flow from southwest to east, passing through Huangdui, Nanyang, Famen, Jianhe and Taichuan, and flows into the river from Langdian in the south. It has a total length of 30.4 kilometers and a drainage area of 235 square kilometers. The constant flow is 0.02 second cubic meters, and the annual total runoff is 770,000 cubic meters. The water is stored by Taichuan and Xinyi reservoirs, and the downstream seepage flow is very small. Groundwater reaches the southern foothills of Qiao Shan in the north and Famen, Jianhe and Zhao Gong in the south. There are Qixing River and Shui Mei River running through the area from north to south. Atmospheric precipitation, surface rivers and irrigation infiltration all recharge groundwater. The groundwater depth is10 ~ 45m, and the aquifer is loess loam with calcareous nodules. The front edge of diluvial fan is rich in diving, followed by the middle and the rear edge is poor. Shallow confined water roof buried depth100 ~130m. The lithology of aquifer is clayey pebbles and clayey pebbles of Middle Pleistocene and Lower Pleistocene deposited by alluvial facies. More than 200 meters, 2 ~ 3 aquifers can be seen, with a single layer thickness of 8 ~12m. Confined water is mainly supplied by mountain groundwater, and the aquifer water is poor. The mining type is diving. The water output of a single well is per hour15 ~ 60m3, and the annual recoverable capacity is 21464300m3. Under mineral resources, Paleozoic strata are rich in limestone, with a reserve of about 65.438+0.5 billion cubic meters and a calcium carbonate content of more than 50%, which has been exploited in large quantities. According to the quality, it is divided into cement, lime, 70% sand and marble raw materials, with an annual output of 30,000 ~ 50,000 cubic meters, which not only meets the needs of the county, but also supplies other places. Marble reserves are 3.2 million cubic meters. According to color, pattern, composition and structure, there are 26 varieties such as white marble, jet, rose red, duck egg green and jacquard black. In hilly areas with poor biological resources, there are only 8,348 mu of shrubbery, mainly distributed in the north of Daling, with a coverage rate of 70-80%. The south of Daling is greatly affected by reclamation and firewood cutting, and the natural vegetation is sparse, with a coverage rate of less than 30%. Naturally growing trees and shrubs are Quercus, Populus and a small amount of Platycladus orientalis. Shrubs include Huang Qiangwei, Horseshoe Needle, Jujube, Prunus armeniaca, Prunus armeniaca, Bonzi, Huzhi and Vitex negundo. Robinia pseudoacacia and Pinus tabulaeformis are cultivated artificially. There are 9 natural grasslands over 300 mu in Qiao Shan mountainous area, with a total area of 35,342 mu, of which the usable area is 3004 1 mu. There are 9569 mu of grass slopes in the dry area in front of the mountain.