Where is the ancient city of Guo Chang in Zibo?

Guo Chang, the ancient city of Zibo, is a cultural tourist attraction.

The ancient city of Guo Chang is also called the Great Wall. Located in the south of Liucun Village, Fengshui Town, Zhangdian District, it faces Fengshui (also known as River) in the west and Laozi River in the east. Today, great wall village lies in the middle of the ruins. _

Guo Chang, an ancient city, was a city of ancient Qi. During the Warring States Period, Yan conquered and became the monarch of Chang. From the Han Dynasty to the Northern Wei Dynasty, Guo Chang County was located here, and the name of Guo Chang did not appear in history until the Sui Dynasty. _

The site is basically square, only the northwest corner is slightly lacking, and the perimeter is close to 1.5 km. East, west, south and north gates, and northeast, southeast, northwest and southwest gates. The city wall was leveled, and a section of its northwest corner was changed into subgrade, which was higher than the surface. After drilling, the cultural layer is about 1 m thick, and there are many Han Dynasty relics on the surface. 1984 has been designated as a municipal key cultural relics protection unit.

Also known as the Great Wall. Located in Wuli, southeast of Zhangdian, south of Liucun, a geomantic commune, today great wall village is located in the middle of the ruins of the old city. It is three miles from Fengshui (Zhulong River) in the west and four miles from Laozi River in the east. Outside the east wall of the old city is Chengdong Zhuang, with Great Wall Coal Mine in the southwest and Fengshui Coal Mine in the southeast. Guo Chang, an ancient city, was a city of ancient Qi. During the Warring States period, after the conquest of Yan, he became the king of Chang. From the Han Dynasty to the Yuan and Wei Dynasties, Guo Chang County was located here, and there was no name Guo Chang in history.

Today, the ruins of the old city still exist, and its scope is nearly three miles around, basically square, with a slight lack of northwest corner. There are four gates in the east, west, north and south, and four corners in the northeast, northwest, southwest and southeast. The city wall has been leveled, and a section of its northwest corner has been changed into a subgrade, which is clearly visible on the surface. After drilling, the cultural layer of the old city is about one meter thick, and there are many relics and relics of the Han Dynasty on the surface.

Guo Chang Ancient City Site is located in great wall village, Fengshui Town, Zhangdian District, and 1984 is listed as a municipal key cultural relics protection unit.

Changguocheng was once called a shopping center in ancient times. According to legend, it was the fief of the Shang Dynasty governors. Qi Cheng is the earliest extant local chronicles in Shandong compiled by Yidu people in Yuan Dynasty. Among them, it is recorded that "there is an old city of Fengling in the northeast of Banyang County, and the Shang princes began to seal it here."

Zou, a native of Hanlin and Great Wall Village in Qing Dynasty, made textual research during Guangxu period, and thought that what Yuqin said was not unreasonable. The distance from Zichuan County, the resident of Banyang County, to great wall village was also consistent with Yuqin's records. Zou also wrote his views into the inscription of Guandi Temple in the village.

However, Changguocheng was named after Le Yi, the monarch of Yan State in the Warring States Period. Great wall village, a few miles southeast, is the border between the northern Shandong plain and the central Shandong hills. Now Fengshui Town in Zhangdian District has used Caobugou, Caobuling, Happy Valley, Nanyitai and Beiyitai for more than 2,000 years, all of which are directly related to General Le Yi's military career. The stone tablets of municipal key cultural relics protection units and the ruins of Guo Chang ancient city, which have long been in ruins, are still telling people who lived in the early 20th century a story that made General Le Yi famous in history.

In the middle and late Warring States period, "the strong are all human beings, and the weak are all trying to survive". Qi, Chu, Yan, Han, Zhao, Wei and Qin fought for hegemony, and smoke filled the air. In 3 14 BC, civil strife broke out in the state of Yan, and Qi sent troops to capture the state of Yan in one fell swoop, killing the prince of Yan, and the state of Yan almost fell.

Suffer extinction. After Yan Zhaowang, the son of the Prince of Yan, acceded to the throne, he vigorously recruited talented people and kept a low profile. More than 20 years later, Yan was full-fledged, and secretly agreed on the strategy of attacking Qi with four countries except Qi and Chu. In 284 BC, Le Yi, a general of the State of Yan, as commander-in-chief, led the military forces of the State of Yan, North Korea, Zhao, Wei and Qin to enter the customs from the north of Qi, and together with the generals of Qin, Zhao, Lian Po, Han and Wei, captured more than 70 cities including the capital Linzi. Only Juyi and Jimo are still in the hands of Qi people. Le Yi sat down.

Because of his outstanding military exploits, Yan Zhaowang made him a regular. On the bank of the sparkling Dehui River (now Zhulong River), Le Yi won the first place in Guo Chang. Biographies of Historical Records and Le Yi recorded this history, saying that after the fall of Linzi by Le Yi, all the treasures and ritual vessels of the State of Qi were taken by the State of Yan. Yan Zhaowang was overjoyed. He personally went to Qi's economy, consoled the three armed forces, rewarded soldiers, and made him a constant monarch.

However, General Le Yi's army did not occupy Juyi and Jimo in the end. In 279 BC, Yan Zhaowang died and his son Hui Wang acceded to the throne. Yan Huiwang and Le Yi have long-term hatred and distrust, which gives Angie a chance. In Jimo City, Tian Dan, who was born in a lower-level official, was elected as the commander against Yan. The resourceful Tian Chan sent people to the State of Yan to sow discord, saying that Le Yi would form an alliance with the southern vassal states and wait for an opportunity to be king in the State of Qi, so he refused to capture the two cities of Qi. He also said that the State of Qi was not afraid, but was afraid that the generals of the Yan faction would come. At that time, the people of jimo city will suffer.

King Yan Hui believed him, so he sent a general to replace Le Yi. After riding a robbery, he was cheated frequently. First, cut off the noses of Qi prisoners of war, dug up the ancestral graves of Qi people, and made Qi people indignant and vowed to fight to the death with the Yan army.

When paralyzed Yan Jun completely relaxed his vigilance, Tian Dan took the colorful "Fire Bull" as the pioneer and led 5,000 warriors into the enemy camp. Yan Junren, who was caught off guard, immediately made a mess and fled for his life. The Lord also died in the chaos. Tian Dan led the army to pursue the victory, and the Qi people in the occupied area also organized to intercept the Yan army and recover the lost land. At this point, a 35-year-old seven-character war finally came to an end. Le Yi's fief, Changguocheng, returned to Qi.

With Chang's departure, Chang Guocheng remains an important city of Qi. More than half a century later, in 22 1 BC, Qin Shihuang destroyed the six countries to unify China, abolished the vassal state, implemented the county system, and established Guo Chang County in Changguocheng, which was subordinate to Qi State. From the Western Han Dynasty to the Northern Wei Dynasty, there was Guo Changjun in the imperial court. Later, due to the war, Guo Changcheng was gradually abandoned. By the Sui Dynasty, Guo Chang's name had disappeared from history. In the Qing Dynasty, Zichuan County Records recorded two poems, Changguocheng Nostalgia, written by Zichuan people:

There are only a few trees in the hut, and the name of the village is still the name of the ancient city.

In the sound of the car, idle people gather to point out the mountains and rivers and say that they are happy.

Twelve mountains and rivers have been broken, but the ancient city is misty but safe.

If the dragon shaft is full of wisdom, the general may not have to cherish the crown.

This shows that in the late feudal society, Changguocheng area has been very depressed and has long lost its former scenery. After hard work, the villagers face broken walls, and they will still think of the all-powerful General Le Yi.

At least in the Jin Dynasty, Changguocheng began to be replaced by Zhangdian, five miles away from the northwest. According to the Records of History and Geography of Jin Dynasty, Zhangdian, Jinling to the east and Zichuan to the south, were then called the three major towns. 1976, Hou Renzhi, a professor in the history department of Peking University, made a detailed investigation of Changguocheng site, and thought that "from Guo Chang to Zhangdian, not only in time, but also on the waterway, tracing back to the source along the stream, there are indeed obvious veins to be found. Therefore, Zhangdian, the political, economic and cultural center of Zibo, is called "a modern and prosperous country". Changguocheng, which embodies the honor and disgrace of General Le Yi, has gradually evolved into the central area of a modern city after more than 20 centuries of wind and rain. However, the Zhulong River, which nourishes the fertile soil in Guo Chang, has become a polluted sewage ditch. All this was unexpected by General Le Yi at that time.

Walking southeast from Zhangdian City in Wuhuali, you will reach the ruins of Changguocheng in the Warring States Period. A rural area in the ancient city still retains the name of "Great Wall", which echoes the medal awarded by Yan Zhaowang to General Le Yi. In the south of great wall village, the stone tablet of the key cultural relics protection unit set by Zibo Municipal People's Government 1984 stands. In the east of great wall village, there is also a village called "East of the City", just outside the east wall of the old city of Guo Chang. Changguocheng site covers a total area of 437,500 square meters. The ancient city wall, which survived for more than 2000 years, was razed to the ground until the land was renovated in the 1970s. Among them, a section of the northwest corner of the ancient city was transformed into a subgrade. There used to be a city gate in the east, west, north and south of the ancient city of Guo Chang, and a four-corner gate was built in each corner of the city. About five miles southeast of the site, there are East Art Stage and West Art Stage, which should be the place to practice martial arts at that time, and about seven miles south, there are Cao Buling and Cao Bugou, which were the places to practice the ranks at that time. 199 1 version Zhangdian district records a legend of place names directly related to General Le Yi:

Yuedian Village in Nanding Town was originally named Le Yi Dian Village. Its village name has a long history and has been handed down from generation to generation.

During the Warring States Period, the famous Yan Le Yi was the queen. He is brilliant, has been taught by famous teachers and has a good mind to protect the country and the people. If you want to vote for a saint, ask his teacher. The teacher said, "If you all vote together, you will get 40 points. If you run like a swallow, you will get 1000 points." Le Yi thought twice, thinking that Qi was powerful, enriching the people and strengthening the country, and decided to go to Qi. When Le Yi came to Qi, it coincided with the reign of the King of Qi. He acted arbitrarily and arrogantly, sent troops to invade other countries, brutally suppressed the domestic people, and all the people in the ruling and opposition parties complained.

When the King of Qi saw Le Yi, he asked him what he had. Le Yi told a story about the strategies he had learned all his life, such as arranging troops, managing the country and protecting the people. The king of Qi thinks that boasting is arrogant. Instead of reusing it, he rejected Le Yi and expelled him from the capital.

Le Yi, angry and annoyed, walked along the southwest street. It's midsummer, the weather is hot, soaked by rain and sweat, and the pain is unbearable. I couldn't move my legs any more, so I lay in a broken kiln on the side of the road to rest, but I couldn't get up anymore. The villagers nearby saw that although he was beaten raw and extremely weak, his eyes were sharp. Unlike ordinary people, they sent him wine, food and herbs in succession.

After several months of self-cultivation, my wounds healed and I became familiar with the local people, so I decided to fight against Qi State here. The people in this area were brutally ruled by the King of Qi, and people's resentment had already boiled. Le Yi soon organized and trained a team of thousands of people here. He dug tunnels, made holes and hid the team with everyone. Le Yi went to Wei to borrow soldiers first, but Wang Wei was afraid of Qi, and did not agree to Le Yi's request. Le Yi knew that the prince of Yan and the king of Qi were enemies and wanted to cut Qi, so he rushed to Yan overnight. Yan Zhaowang met with Le Yi as a VIP and praised Le Yi's grand plan of running the army and the country together. Then he threw a bamboo stick and appointed as the commander-in-chief of the three armed forces, Yaqing, ready to cut Qi-this just fulfilled what the teacher said, "Run Yan and fight thousands (sign)." I told him about training volunteers in Qi, and immediately sent volunteers to send a lot of gold and silver, and built houses near the broken kiln where I was recuperating as the base camp for stationing troops.

In 284 BC, he ordered five armies to crusade against Qi, and thousands of volunteers gathered in the rehabilitation center also rose to the challenge. Le Yi led a great army on a roll, winning successively, and captured Linzi, the capital of Qi State, with more than 70 cities.

Be awarded a permanent title. He was stationed in Changguocheng, north of his old sanatorium 10, and visited all the places. During his stay in Changguo, Le Yi paid no attention to corvee and taxes, and his statutes were strict, so the people lived and worked in peace and contentment. In order to express their reverence and nostalgia for Le Yi, people converted his garrison house into Changguogong Temple (also known as Le Yi Temple, located in the north of this Yuedian village, and the back temple was abandoned, leaving only the cornerstone). There was a statue of Le Yi in the temple, and the local people worshipped it all the year round, and the incense continued. The day when Le Yi recovered this place was also determined as the temple fair period.

The place where Le Yi was stationed developed into a village called Le Yi Store, which later evolved into Yuedian. Within several tens of miles of Fiona Fang, the ancient city of Guo Chang, many old people still remember the old saying: "Linzi is a country and Guo Chang is a city", which means that Linzi is the capital of Qi and Guo Chang is an ideal city of Qi.

General Le Yi entered the State of Qi from the foot of Yanshan Mountain in the north of China, which brought Yan's prestige to the extreme and left Changguocheng with full regrets. Today's people should take the interests of the country and the nation as their own responsibility and build their homes with honest labor.

Traffic in the ancient city of Guo Chang

Zhangdian is five miles southeast, take bus No.24 in the city and get off at Zhangdian No.8. 。

Great wall village: great wall village is located 2km southeast of Zhangdian City, with an area of1140mu. 8 15 mu of cultivated land and 280 mu of forest land, of which 200 mu are planted with special features, mainly for planting precious flowers and trees for greening. In 2009, it was listed as urban agriculture, with a plan of 20 1 1. The population of the whole village is14/kloc-0,564 households, with 53 people in party member. There are *** 13 enterprises, with fixed assets investment10.20 billion yuan and annual sales income10.80 billion yuan. In 2009, Xinshang Guo Chang Concrete Company invested 7 million yuan in fixed assets. resident student