How to treat chilblain?

Frostbite is a localized blood stasis erythema disease that occurs on peripheral skin in cold season. It is a common disease in winter, generally occurring below 65438 00℃. It heals itself when the climate gets warmer in spring, but it is easy to recur after winter.

Epidemic characteristics

pathogenesis

treat cordially

Unforgetted chilblain can be topically rubbed with drugs that promote blood circulation, such as 10% camphor essence or pepper tincture. Pepper water has a certain effect on local scald. You can also apply honey ointment (30% lard and 70% honey) once a day. When ulcer develops, 5% boric acid ointment should be used. Erythromycin ointment and 0.5% neomycin ointment were applied and bandaged three times a day. Recently, compound mink oil antifreeze ointment has been used to prevent and treat various chilblains. He-Ne laser irradiation can also be used for treatment. Once a day. 10 is a course of treatment, which can prevent recurrence. Oral drugs can be peripheral vasodilators such as nicotinic acid or vitamin E, nifedipine 10-20mg, three times a day, which can prevent and treat this disease. The treatment principle of traditional Chinese medicine is to warm meridians and dredge collaterals, promote blood circulation and remove blood stasis, and the prescription is modified by Danggui Sini Decoction or Yanghe Decoction.

prevent

Insist on physical exercise, strengthen physical fitness and keep out the cold. Pay attention to keep warm and dry in cold season, and don't tighten your shoes and socks too tightly. Apply grease to the cold-prone parts to protect the skin. Eat more foods rich in calories and vitamins. It is not advisable to heat or bake with fire immediately after freezing.

clinical picture

This disease often occurs in early winter and early spring, and it is more common in children, women and people with lack of activity or poor blood circulation in limbs, mostly in helix, earlobe, nose tip, hands and feet. At first, it showed red or purplish red hyperemia erythema, with different damage sizes and unclear boundaries. When pressed, the red color will fade, but after the pressure is removed, it will slowly recover. The skin temperature of the affected area decreases and it feels itchy. When it is hot, it can be obviously congested with burning, itching or pain. In severe cases, blisters or blisters or ulcers that are difficult to heal may appear in the affected area, and atrophic scars often remain after healing. Erythematoid chilblain is more common in young people, often occurring on the back of hands and feet, symmetrically distributed and scattered, with a slightly larger number. It is a purple-red spot the size of mung bean, round or slightly round, and the central part is dark or slightly raised to form a blister, similar to erythema multiforme. This type of chilblain can coexist with common chilblain.

diagnose

Every winter, localized erythema or blue-purple lump will appear in the same part, which will feel cold, fade when pressed, itch, aggravate after heating, and even appear blisters and ulcers in severe cases. differential diagnosis

complication

The cause of disease

Poor peripheral blood circulation is the main factor of long-term exposure to cold and humid air; Lack of exercise, sweaty hands and feet, malnutrition, anemia, tight shoes and socks, outdoor work and chronic consumptive diseases can also be the causes of this disease. Cold is also the main cause of disease. The subcutaneous artery in the frozen area contracts due to the stimulation of cold, which leads to blood stasis, tissue hypoxia and cell damage. If frozen for a long time, the artery will continue to spasm, leading to the loss of vasoconstriction and venous congestion, the expansion and permeability of capillaries will increase, and plasma will penetrate into the stroma, causing local edema, blister formation and even tissue necrosis.

Is there any way to make frostbite disappear as soon as possible? 200 1 February 06 1 1:34 Sina Life

Q: My hand has just been frostbitten. It's really scary. Can you help me make it disappear in the fastest way? I was just born, and now I only have one finger.

Dr. Wu replied: If it has just appeared and is not broken, you can use 10% camphor ointment or lard honey ointment (70% honey, 30% lard) for external use, first soak the part in warm water, then apply the medicine, and then rub the affected part repeatedly, 2-3 times a day.

If it is broken, you need to use some anti-inflammatory ointment, such as Baiduobang and Davibang, to prevent infection.

If frostbite is always prone to occur, you can take some drugs that dilate blood vessels and promote blood circulation, such as niacin and vitamin E, and eat more mutton and dog meat to prevent frostbite.

How to deal with frostbite in winter 20065438+001091:17 Dr. Gamma.

Frostbite is a common disease in winter, which is easy to occur in low temperature (10 degrees Celsius) and humid environment. It recurs in winter and heals itself when the weather gets warmer. Cold is the root of frostbite, so it is very important to prepare for cold when winter comes. Especially limbs, such as hands, feet and ears. Moreover, the recurrence rate of frostbite is very high, often "frostbite every year, frostbite every year."

Why in the same environment, some people get frostbite, while others are safe and sound?

First of all, this is related to personal physique. Some people have autonomic nervous dysfunction, poor blood circulation in limbs, sweaty hands and feet, etc. Is that they are prone to frostbite. Therefore, it is very important to strengthen physical fitness and improve one's cold-proof ability. In addition, you can eat more high-calorie foods such as mutton and chocolate in winter, and you can also eat some wine and pepper to sweat and promote blood circulation.

You should keep warm when you have frostbite. If chilblain is only a hard knot, it can be scrubbed with pepper tincture and hot alcohol when it is not broken. If it is broken, it can be rubbed with erythromycin ointment and lard honey ointment to promote its early healing. In addition, Danggui Sini Decoction or Yanghe Decoction can also be used to promote blood circulation and dredge collaterals.

Here are some prescriptions for frostbite, you might as well try them.

First, burn 30 grams of rabbit hair to ashes for use. Boil carrots for external use and wash the affected area. Apply rabbit hair ash to the affected area with sesame oil, 1 ~ 2 times a day 1 time;

2. Bletilla striata 10g and dried tangerine peel 20g are ground into fine powder, and the affected part is smeared with sesame oil, once a day 1 time;

3. Honey, honey 1 0g, lard 2g, mixed into ointment and externally applied to the affected area, once a day1time;

Four, 20 grams of Cortex Phellodendri, ground into fine powder and applied to the affected area, daily 1 time. When it is used for the second time, it is washed with light salt water and applied for 7 days;

Five, persimmon skin calcined ash for later use, with cooked vegetable oil/kloc-0 ~ 2 times, daily 1 time.

Editor: Han Xiao

Fruits and vegetables can also cure frostbite!

The following methods can be used to treat nonulcerated chilblain.

Radish method: cut the radish into thick slices, cook it, apply it to the affected area while it is hot, and replace it after cooling. Continuous application for 3-4 days can heal.

Ginger method: roast ginger on fire, slice it and rub it on the affected area to reduce swelling and relieve itching; Or chop ginger, soak it in 70% alcohol and rub it with alcohol several times a day after 20 days.

Apple method: peel the apple, grind it into paste, add a little camphor powder and apply it evenly to the affected area, 3 times a day.

Pepper method: sprinkle pepper noodles on Shangshi Zhitong ointment and stick it on the affected area; Or five peppers, soak in 100g white wine for one night, and rub the affected area with this wine 2-3 times a day; Or 25 grams of dried pepper, decocted in water and washed in hot water 15 minutes, which can reduce swelling and relieve itching.

Solanum root method: decoct Solanum root and dried capsicum in water, and wash the affected area; Or boil water with eggplant stalks and roots and scald the affected area while it is hot, 1-2 times a day 1 time.

Scallion beard method: Scallion beard and tomato root 100g each, and decoct and wash the affected area, 1-2 times a day.

Orange peel method: 3-4 pieces of fresh orange peel, 30 grams of ginger, 2000 ml of water, decocting in water for 30 minutes, soaking the affected area after the water is slightly cool, and heating after cooling for 30 minutes each time.

Hawthorn method: Hawthorn 120g, water 2500ml, decoction for 30min to remove residue, and hot wash the affected area once a day.

Prevention and treatment of chilblain

The occurrence of chilblain is related to external factors such as low temperature, humidity, wind speed and temperature difference. It is also related to the difference of human body quality, the adaptability of tissues to low temperature, and the poor blood circulation of the heart and local peripheral blood-microcirculation.

Once frostbite, the tissue will be damaged. In spring, summer and autumn, the human body will repair itself, but it is difficult to completely repair it in six or seven months. So it is easy to relapse in the second year.

The treatment of chilblain is mainly to improve local microcirculation, improve the ability of tissue to engage in cold, so that patients will not have hair or light hair all winter under the attack of cold wave, thus reducing the injury period, increasing the repair period and preventing hair from happening next year. Generally, if you don't send it for a year or two, you think it's cured.

There are many treatments for chilblain, including systemic treatment and local treatment. Systemic treatment includes: 1. Oral nicotinamide (N.A.A), scopolamine (654-2), atropine and other drugs that stimulate sympathetic nerves and dilate blood vessels. Second, oral administration of drugs such as vitamin E can improve the stress ability of blood vessels to cold. Third, oral Chinese medicine for warming meridians and dredging collaterals. Four, the use of traditional Chinese medicine acupuncture, acupuncture, application of auricular point heart and western medicine ganglion segment or local blocking therapy. Five, the treatment of chronic diseases such as anemia, improve human quality. Local treatment includes: 1. Drug immersion therapy. The second is the local application of various creams, ointments, tinctures, liniments and ointments. Physical therapy, such as phototherapy (infrared, far infrared, ultraviolet, laser, etc. ), electrotherapy, hyperthermia, hydrotherapy, sound therapy, magnetic therapy, physical therapy (massage, massage), etc. Each method can be used alone or in combination.

The treatment of chilblain varies from person to person and from illness to illness. Reasonable and appropriate treatment methods can often get twice the result with half the effort, but the superficial treatment is not feasible. Only by "treating frostbite early and preventing it before it happens" can we achieve the goal of not getting frostbite.

Nursing care of chilblain and frostbite

Frostbite is almost a well-known disease. People get frostbite every year, which will seriously affect their work, study and life. Frostbite usually occurs in a low temperature and humid environment of 3 ~ 5 degrees. Frostbite is common not only in northern China, but also in East and Central China. Recurrence often occurs once, which is related to poor local blood circulation or low cold resistance.

Frostbite often occurs unconsciously, mostly in exposed parts and limbs, such as ear shells, cheeks, hands and feet. At first, the local skin was red, swollen and itchy, then turned purple and swollen, and it stung when it was cold. Some can blister, and when the blisters dry, they will scab. The scab skin will heal after falling off, and the skin color of the affected area will deepen.

Frostbite is local frostbite. Whole body frostbite mostly occurs in outdoor workers in cold areas, and occasionally in unexpected situations such as cold storage. Due to the contraction of blood vessels on the body surface, people with frostbite all over the body have pale skin, mild chills, severe unresponsiveness and even life-threatening. It should be rewarming immediately after frostbite, and the patient can be placed in warm water of 38 ~ 42 degrees. Frostbite patients may also have shock and cardiac and renal damage after rewarming, and still need to be sent to hospital for treatment.

Nursing points

◆ Protect exposed areas in severe winter, such as using masks, gloves and windproof earmuffs when going out. Applying a small amount of vaseline can reduce the heat dissipation of the skin and also has the effect of heat preservation. The size and tightness of shoes and socks should be appropriate, neither too tight nor too small.

◆ Humidity will accelerate heat dissipation in the body, and it is easy to get frostbite. Therefore, clothes, shoes and socks should be kept dry, and they should be replaced in time after getting wet, which is conducive to keeping warm.

◆ Avoid long-term immobility of limbs, sedentary activities after standing for a long time, promote blood circulation and reduce frostbite.

◆ People who are prone to frostbite in winter, except those with blisters or canker skin, can use ginger or pepper to wipe the frostbite-prone parts twice a day, which can reduce or avoid frostbite.

◆ Keep warm for frostbitten parts.

◆ 100 watt bulb can also be used instead of infrared ray instrument for irradiation treatment. And massage regularly to promote blood circulation. After about 1 week, the symptoms can disappear and the epidermis gradually falls off without leaving scars.

◆ If there are blisters locally besides the above symptoms, the larger ones can be disinfected with alcohol-free disinfectant (such as 1% bromogeramine solution). After cleaning the affected area and surrounding skin, use a syringe to suck out the exudate and apply some antibacterial ointment to wrap it. Small blisters do not need to be punctured. After 2 ~ 3 weeks, the blister gradually dried out, forming a black dry scab, and the wound healed after falling off.

◆ For the ulcerated wound, the normal skin around can be disinfected first, then the wound can be cleaned with sterile warm salt water, and then coated with antibacterial drugs for dressing. And often check the wound healing, dressing and dressing gauze.

◆ Outdoor workers should pay attention to rest and nutrition in winter to increase their cold resistance. Some people like to drink to keep out the cold when they go out, but after drinking, blood vessels dilate, which increases the radiation of body heat, which is not conducive to cold resistance and is easy to cause colds. Frostbite prevention: From now on!

Exercise from now on. Promote systemic blood circulation and improve the adaptability of human body to cold. Especially the exercise of hands and feet.

Using temperature difference bubble method: soak hands and feet in low-temperature water for 5 minutes and then in high-temperature water three times a day with a pot of water at 15 degrees Celsius and a pot of water at 45 degrees Celsius, so as to exercise the contraction and expansion of blood vessels.

Keep your hands and feet dry and warm. You can't bake or soak in hot water immediately after a cold. It is best to warm up slowly with body temperature (armpit and trunk). Shoes, socks and gloves should be loose and dry to prevent local oppression and promote smooth blood flow.

Apply pepper tincture 2-3 times a day (take 20g of dried pepper and soak it in 500ml of 75% alcohol for use after 7 days). Or decocting Radix Notoginseng, Rhizoma Paridis, Carthami Flos, Radix Paeoniae Rubra and Caulis Spatholobi in water to obtain liquid medicine, and scrubbing locally for external use.

Winter troubles: cold hands and feet

Q: I am a 30-year-old woman who is very afraid of the cold. In winter, limbs are often paralyzed and frozen. Last year, my toes were frostbitten again. Excuse me, what is the reason and what are the improvement methods?

A: When the skin freezes, the blood vessels will contract and slow down the heat dissipation in the body. However, if the skin continues to be frozen, the blood vessels will expand instead, and the speed of blood flowing through these expanded blood vessels will slow down. If the heart function is not good, the blood circulation will be worse. Because the limbs are far away from the heart, if the blood supply is not timely, they will be frozen and paralyzed. In addition, malnutrition, anemia and low blood pressure can all lead to cold limbs. If the physical condition becomes worse and the qi and blood are extremely poor, the body will adjust itself at this time and supply blood to important organs first to prevent problems. For example, the brain must keep a certain temperature. When the body is frozen, the blood will first rush to the brain for protection, so the face will be flushed with congestion. Relatively speaking, limbs are not very important, so blood supply is obtained late. This is the so-called "abandon soldiers to protect handsome" protection arrangement. Where blood supply is not available for a long time, congestion will occur, freezing local tissues to death, thus causing chilblain.

It can be seen that if there is chilblain, it means that the body is very weak and the heart function is not good. This situation is more complicated. You'd better consult a doctor and make appropriate adjustments according to your physique.