What are the characteristics of monsoon climate along the southeast coast of China?

Wind is an important form of atmospheric activity, and its wind direction changes almost in the opposite direction with the transformation of winter and summer. Zheng He, a famous navigator in Ming Dynasty, used the monsoon to make seven voyages to the West.

There are many regions in the world with monsoon climate, but China, Japan, Korea, Indochina Peninsula and Indian Peninsula in the east and south of Asia are the most prominent.

The characteristics of monsoon climate in the valleys of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau are as follows: First, the change of wind direction. Winter winds blow from the mainland to the sea, and the weather is cold and dry; The summer monsoon blows from the ocean to the land, and the weather is hot and humid. In winter, the direction of Xia Feng is almost opposite, which is the most important feature. China is located in the southeast of Eurasia, facing the Pacific Ocean. This land and sea distribution makes China a typical monsoon climate country.

Because the summer monsoon comes from the ocean, the humid air mass is easy to form clouds and cause rainfall, so the closer to the ocean, the stronger the humid air mass and the more precipitation; Inland far from the ocean, rainfall is scarce, and the start time of precipitation gradually advances from the coast to the inland, and the end time of precipitation is just the opposite, which is the second characteristic.

Because the mountain height can block the movement of some clouds, there is a great possibility of precipitation, especially on windward slopes. This is the third feature: the rainfall distribution in mountainous areas is more than that in plains, and the windward slopes in mountainous areas are more than the leeward slopes.

The fourth feature is that rainfall is concentrated in summer, accounting for more than half of the year. Because the summer monsoon comes from the ocean, it rains a lot; Winter winds come from the mainland, so there is less rainfall.

The reason why China, East Asia and South Asia are the most typical monsoon climate zones in the world is similar to other monsoon regions, and there is also the most important factor, that is, the "roof of the world"-the role of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

Because of the abundant rain brought by the summer monsoon, it can meet the condition of "rain and heat at the same time" for crop growth, which is beneficial to the growth of high-yield food crops such as rice. Therefore, South Asia, Southeast Asia, China, North Korea and Japan are all concentrated rice producing areas in the world. Of course, the changes of summer monsoon and winter monsoon are not regular, fixed and equal in intensity, and there will be great changes in different years, which may lead to floods and droughts.