What should I pay attention to when driving?

Driving precautions (novice driving, spring, summer, autumn and winter)

First, the novice driving precautions: novice driving, don't be nervous, keep a normal heart. Don't panic if something happens, the more you panic, the more chaotic it will be. Also, don't drive too fast without affecting the traffic. Control it. You will master it in two months. Of course, a little bump is inevitable. It is very useful to master some tips for safe driving.

Most traffic accidents are caused by rear-end collisions between front and rear vehicles. When the front car braked, the rear car got too close and did not slow down, resulting in two or more cars colliding. In order not to hit or be hit by someone, when driving at high speed, always pay attention to the speed of the front car and observe the dynamics of the rear car through the rearview mirror. After driving a certain distance, you should step on the brakes to remind the rear car to pay attention to the distance from the front car. It is very practical to brake at night or when driving in expressway to prevent rear-end collision.

Traffic jams often occur in cities now. Many roads are parallel to pedestrians, non-motor vehicles and motor vehicles, and there is no isolation pier between the opposite traffic flows, which makes it difficult for novices to drive. Generally speaking, the closer to the intersection, the slower the vehicle speed. At this time, pedestrians and non-motor vehicles passing through the road will take advantage of the gap. If you are galloping on the opposite road (there are generally no big obstacles in front of the intersection, so the speed is faster), and you can't tell which car the pedestrians are coming from, it is very prone to traffic accidents. In this case, don't drive too fast, and pay attention to driving at medium and low speeds.

Some novices are not familiar with traffic rules and driving routes. When they go the wrong way, they immediately turn around and completely ignore the vehicles on both sides. This is very dangerous. You should first observe whether there is a sign ahead that allows you to turn around. If you have to turn around as a last resort, don't turn around when there is a train waiting on the opposite side, which will cause traffic jams. You have to wait for the opposite car to start slowly and turn around quickly when the distance between cars is widening.

Nowadays, many viaducts have been built in big cities, and there is a big gap. Novices often can't control the brakes when they drive off the bridge. If the vehicle brakes are not working, the consequences will be unimaginable. Don't panic at this time, quickly step on the clutch and shift to low gear, and use the braking force of the engine to slow down the car. Some people drive downhill, that is, slide in neutral, and step on the brakes when they see the car in front. This is very dangerous. The safe way is to put on the brakes and slide in neutral until you can see the bottom of the bridge clearly, put the gear lever in low gear, then slow down and slowly drive off the viaduct.

Second, matters needing attention in driving in spring

From a medical point of view, "spring sleep" is caused by excessive temperature fluctuation and insensitive response of human organs. Blood vessels, body surface and internal organs suddenly change from contraction to expansion in cold weather, especially the expansion of blood vessels on the body surface, which makes blood expand to the body surface, and the limited blood flows to the body surface all the time, which affects the blood supply ability of the brain. When lack of oxygen after cerebral ischemia, people will feel dizzy, weak hands and feet, and can't do anything, just like sleepwalking. This is the performance of "spring sleep".

As the saying goes, "Spring is sleepy and autumn is short, and summer is a nap." Friends who drive for a long time in spring should be careful not to let the "spring sleep" cause great disaster to your trip.

For car owners, how to prevent the safety hazards caused by "spring sleep"? In this issue, we ask Chen Lai, the maintenance technician of Guangzhou Honda Longyang special sales store, to teach you a few tricks, hoping that car owners will remember them.

Sleep more and stay up late. Lack of sleep is the main reason for "spring sleep". Because the alternation of spring and summer makes the days longer and the sleep time shorter, the physiological function of the human body has not fully adapted to the reaction brought by sleep time, and drowsiness often occurs. Therefore, it is best to ensure adequate sleep time in spring to prevent fatigue driving.

He reminded car owners that it is not appropriate to entertain all night at night and not to "burn the midnight oil". Usually you have to stop after driving for 3-4 hours. If you feel tired during driving, don't drive hard. Be sure to stop and have a rest to ensure driving safety.

Open the window often and use less air conditioning.

On the premise of ensuring adequate sleep, turn on the air conditioner as little as possible when driving, and it is best to open the window to keep the air in the car fresh, which can improve the driver's attention. If the air conditioner is turned on for a long time, it is easy to cause insufficient oxygen in the car, leading to hypoxia in the brain and reduced alertness. Car owners are advised to put some perfume containing mint and lily fragrance in the cab to help refresh themselves.

Drink less strong tea and smoke less.

In order to prevent driving fatigue in spring, drivers' friends had better not smoke while driving. It is reported that cigarettes contain a lot of nicotine and carbon monoxide. Although smoking can excite the nervous system, the consequence is that people's attention and memory gradually decline. Experts also reminded not to drink coffee or strong tea while driving. The reason is the same as the consequence of smoking. Coffee and strong tea bring temporary excitement, and then continue to suppress the brain.

Eat properly and keep essential oil at all times.

The owner's diet before driving can not be ignored. You can't eat too much and you can't eat on an empty stomach. Too much food in the body will have a hypnotic effect on the body. Driving on an empty stomach is prone to hunger, palpitation and fatigue, which will make the brain imagine too much food, both of which will affect driving safety. However, car owners should eat some ginger, carrots, cauliflower, potatoes and other foods before going on the road, which will help to eliminate fatigue and keep their brains awake.

In addition to the above methods, you can also take appropriate stimulation methods to drive away sleepiness, such as drinking cold boiled water, getting off the bus to wash your face, opening the window or listening to some powerful music to stimulate your brain. At the same time, you can also use wind oil essence, cool oil and other items with certain refreshing effect to stimulate the skin and nerves and eliminate fatigue.

Five measures to deal with "spring sleep":

Lack of sleep is the main factor leading to fatigue. When driving for a long distance, you must stop for a rest every 3-4 hours. Get out of the car and exercise your whole body, take a deep breath, or simply find a place to have a thorough rest.

● Speeding and "spring sleep" are the most likely to cause major accidents. Avoid speeding while driving and keep a certain distance from the vehicle in front to prevent accidents.

● Reasonable distribution of daily diet. It is best not to eat a lot of milk, bananas, lettuce, fat meat and other foods before driving, especially not to drink alcohol. These foods are easy to make people feel tired or sleepy and have hypnotic effects. Eat carrots, cauliflower, Chinese cabbage, chocolate, apples, kelp, soybeans, potatoes and so on. These foods contain potassium, caffeine, alkaline substances and vitamins, which can relieve fatigue and keep awake.

● Drivers can eat American ginseng in time. American ginseng has obvious anti-fatigue and refreshing effects, as well as certain nourishing and tonifying effects, and the effect of calming spring sleep can be said to be immediate.

● It is recommended not to smoke in the car as much as possible. Smoke contains nicotine and carbon monoxide. Although nicotine has an exciting effect on the nervous system in the early stage, it has an inhibitory effect in the later stage, which gradually reduces people's attention and memory.

When traveling in spring, you should guard against the cold spring and dust, and avoid getting sick because of the sudden attack of the cold. Especially in long-distance running, you should prepare cold-proof articles and prepare for the cold. At the same time, vehicle inspection should be considered before driving. Because all vehicles are maintained according to the requirements of winter in a winter, special attention should be paid to tire pressure. It is best to readjust the measurement according to the requirements of the manufacturer before going on the road. If you travel far in spring, the tire pressure will increase after driving for a long time, which is not good for safety. Judging from the situation in recent years, sandstorms have occurred from time to time, especially when sandstorms are serious, and the sky is dark, which not only affects drivers' sight, but also seriously affects driving safety. So always check the vehicle. In case of sandstorm, be sure to keep your eyes open and drive slowly.

Three, summer driving precautions:

In summer, wheat straw and straw are often dried on the road due to regional rainfall, resulting in water damage, fire or engine failure. In order to reduce the occurrence of such problems, the Tian Yu Automobile Expert Group will remind all car owners.

There are many showers in summer, especially driving in rainy days.

1. When driving in rainy days, you should grasp the driving direction, speed and visibility. When driving in the rain, try to use low gear, first gear or second gear, and the speed should not exceed 20 kilometers or 30 kilometers per hour. Always pay attention to the distance between the front and rear vehicles and your own car, and make psychological preparations for emergency in advance. Avoid emergency parking and rear-end collision.

2. When it rains heavily, turn on the light even during the day, and adjust the wiper to keep the visibility ahead.

Be as calm as possible at the moment when the car enters the water. When driving, try to look at the fixed target in the distance, hold the steering wheel with both hands and drive straight ahead. Never look at the water or spray, so as not to confuse the line of sight, create an illusion, make the car deviate from the normal route and cause an accident. If there is quicksand at the bottom of the water and the wheels are slipping and idling, stop immediately, don't force through, and don't slam on the accelerator.

4. After passing through the road with stagnant water, brake a few feet in the air to eliminate the stagnant water on the surface of the brake disc/brake pad and test the braking sensitivity.

Summer is the frequent season of engine water intake, so be sure to pay attention to:

1. Check the water level carefully on the road with accumulated water. It is suggested that the water level should not exceed the threshold. Don't rush through when the situation is unknown or the water is deep.

2. When the situation is proven or the water on the road surface is shallow, the vehicle should pass at a low speed and uniform speed to avoid water waves caused by too fast speed, so that water can enter the engine from the air intake system; Don't refuel the valve repeatedly to make water enter the engine from the exhaust system, which will also cause engine damage. Once the engine is turned off due to water inflow, it is not allowed to start the engine again to avoid unnecessary damage to the engine. Because the local special store informed the rescue in time, it can only be started after inspection by the special store.

In many areas of our country, wheat straw and straw will be dried on the highway in summer. When passing through the pavement covered with combustible materials such as wheat straw and hay, we should pay attention to:

1. Under the premise of ensuring safety, try to avoid wheat straw and straw pavement. If you pass through the wheat straw section, you should clean up the combustible materials such as wheat straw and straw pulled by the chassis in time; Because the temperature of the three-way catalyst in the vehicle exhaust system is about 500℃, it is likely to ignite combustible materials such as wheat straw and straw, causing a fire in the car.

Remind everyone again that the car should be equipped with fire extinguishers as much as possible in case of emergency. In addition, we should pay attention to:

1, check whether the tire is cracked or excessively worn, and use sunshade tools to prevent the car from being excessively dry when parking;

2. When you are in the car, leave a gap in the window to let the air circulate;

3. If possible, try to park the car in the shade or garage to prevent the temperature inside the car from rising;

4. Don't leave children or pets alone in the car, even for a short time;

5. Go to the garage to check whether the air conditioner works normally and see if it can reach the best state of refrigeration;

6. Check your oil level.

7. Don't wait for your drive belt to scream. When the engine is cold, check your drive belt for cracks, wear, defects or polished surfaces. If this similar phenomenon is found, a new drive belt should be replaced.

8. It is necessary to check whether there is a small leak in the rubber hose. If you find some small holes, cracks or swelling and deformation, please go to the garage to find technicians to repair them;

Reprinted: Yangzi Evening News-Auto Market Information

Precautions for driving in autumn:

Autumn is coming, because of the relationship between temperature difference and humidity, foggy weather begins to appear in many places, which affects driving safety. Driving in foggy weather is really a headache for drivers and novices with wet hands. The road is slippery and the vehicle seems to be out of control. Dare not step on the brakes, for fear of going astray is more troublesome. Here are some basic essentials for driving in foggy weather.

Check the fog lights before you go.

If you must go out in foggy weather, pay attention to check whether the fog lights of the vehicle are normal before departure, and install qualified fog lights according to national standards. When the visibility is less than 1 km in foggy days, the headlights and rear fog lights must be turned on. Turning on headlights is not only to look at the car in front, but more importantly, to remind the car in front. It's best not to turn on the high beam at night in fog. Because the high beam is designed to illuminate a large area, it is easy to cause scattering in fog. Turning on the high beam will cause the light in front of the driver to scatter, which will be white, but the front can not be seen clearly.

Poor eyesight is the main cause of traffic accidents in foggy days, so the most important thing to pay attention to when driving in foggy days is to control the speed and try not to drive at a speed exceeding 100 km/h. Experts suggest that when the visibility is less than 500 meters and more than 200 meters, the speed should not exceed 80 kilometers per hour; When the visibility is less than 200m and greater than100m, the speed shall not exceed 60km/h; When the visibility is less than 100 meters and more than 50 meters, the speed shall not exceed 40 kilometers per hour; When the visibility is less than 30 meters, the speed should be controlled below 20 kilometers per hour; Generally, when the sight distance is about 10 meter, the speed should be controlled below 5 kilometers per hour.

In heavy fog, you can also use the limited sight distance to drive with the help of vehicles on the road to ensure that the driving route will not deviate. At the same time, we must drive in strict accordance with the traffic lane, and never ride long distances on the sign line.

Keep the distance between cars small and overtake.

Drive as slowly as possible in foggy days, especially keep a safe distance from the car in front, don't follow too close, and don't overtake casually. Try to drive in the middle of the road, not along the side of the road, in case you accidentally fall into the drainage ditch on the side of the road, or collide with people who are temporarily parked on the side of the road waiting for the fog to disperse. If you find that the vehicle in front is parked on the right, don't blindly detour, but consider whether the vehicle is waiting for the opposite vehicle. When overtaking a parked vehicle on the roadside, after confirming that it has no intention to start and there is no car coming from the opposite side, sound the horn at the right time and make a low-speed detour from the left side.

If you find that the rear car is too close to you, you can gently brake a few times, but you can't really brake. Just leave the brake light on to remind the rear car to keep a proper distance.

Special handling of special things

Traffic regulations of expressway in foggy days

T-INDENT: 2em "> Pay attention to the fogging time. Fog mostly appears after 9 pm and reaches its limit at 3 or 4 am. It is extremely important to master this law.

Distinguish the types of fog. Fog will flow and slow down. Generally, fog is very regional, so it is safe to cross this area. But if it is a dead fog, we should be very vigilant, from light to thick. If you keep driving until you can't see it, it will be difficult for you to withdraw. You can't see the service area on the side, or even the road sign on your head.

If you have fallen into this state, first of all, don't panic, carefully observe the changes of the lane dividing line on the windshield, and if you find a lane dividing line, send someone down to explore it if possible (don't drive out blindly). If the export is confirmed, you must pay, of course, the service area is better. Then find a safe place to park and wait until the fog clears.

Fog-prone areas. Jinzhou section of Beijing-Shenyang expressway, Baoding section and Xingtai section of Beijing-Shijiazhuang expressway, Tai 'an section of Beijing-Shanghai expressway and Linyi section of Yangcun section of Beijing-Tianjin expressway are all famous smog disaster areas. In short, there are low-lying areas in rivers and lakes around or near expressway, and when the temperature difference changes sharply in spring and autumn, these areas are often foggy and frequent.

Utilization of overtaking lane. When driving in light fog on expressway (it is not impossible to drive at present), please try to drive in the overtaking lane to avoid collision with vehicles parked in the emergency parking lane due to poor vision, and the speed must be controlled within the range where you can visually brake safely.

Use fog lights and taillights to indicate width.

It is necessary to observe the regulations on the use of lighting, turn on the front and rear fog lights, taillights, width lights and low beam lights, and use lighting to improve visibility.

It should be noted that you should not use the high beam when driving in foggy days, because the light emitted by the high beam is easily diffused by fog, which will form a vast expanse of whiteness in front of the car, and the driver can't see anything.

Often use speakers to "communicate"

In the case of poor eyesight in foggy days, frequent horn honking can serve as a warning to pedestrians and other vehicles. When you hear the horns of other cars, you should immediately whistle to indicate your driving position.

When two cars meet, honk the horn to remind the opposite car to pay attention, and at the same time turn off the anti-fog lights to avoid dazzling the other side.

Skillfully use air conditioner to remove fog

When encountering heavy fog, the condensed water vapor on the windshield will damage the driver's sight and make the light from the opposite car look particularly dazzling. Therefore, it is necessary to brush off the water vapor with a wiper frequently during driving to improve the clarity of sight.

Use the demister of the air conditioner to remove the fog from the windshield. If you want to wipe the fog on the windshield by hand, please wipe it after parking, not while walking. Turn-on heating with rear window heating function, in addition to the frost and fog of the rear window.

Pull over and wait outside.

If the fog is too heavy, you can pull over and turn on the fog lights, width lights and double flashing lights at the same time.

After parking, get off on the right, try to stay away from the road, and never sit in the car. If it is an emergency parking place in expressway, people had better climb over the guardrail and wait outside the roadbed. Put warning signs 50 meters behind the car to remind other vehicles to pay attention.

relevant knowledge

Know the fog and drive safely.

T: 2em "> In late autumn and early winter, there are many foggy weather, so it is very difficult to drive safely. We must have a comprehensive and specific understanding of fog and take countermeasures to ensure traffic safety.

The first fog: At this time, the fog has just begun to generate, which easily paralyzes the driver and often fails to increase the distance from the car immediately. A little carelessness will lead to great disaster.

Fog: There is dense fog on one section of the road, but the fog on the next section of the road is very light or even no fog, and the transition distance is often short, and the light and shade are clearly defined. Driving in this fog, the driver is like walking into a dark maze, which is easy to feel tired, and also produces the illusion of judging the depth of fog, which often leads to improper speed increase or traffic accidents due to wrong actions.

Mass fog: "Mass fog" often appears near rivers and lakes. There is no fog before and after this fog, but it is thick in one place. Drivers often jump into the fog without taking preventive measures during driving, and immediately lose their direction or even have no time to slow down, leading to traffic accidents.

Precautions for driving in winter:

When starting the engine for the first time when the temperature is low in winter, the engine should be warmed up properly, and the vehicle can only be driven slowly when the engine cooling water temperature reaches 40 degrees Celsius at least. This is the first warm-up stage. At this time, because the lubricating oil in the engine, transmission and differential did not reach the working temperature, it could not give full play to the lubricating effect, resulting in increased mechanical wear. Therefore, the second warm-up stage is to keep the vehicle running at a low speed for a period of time (10 minute or so), and try to keep the engine speed between 2500 and 3000 rpm to avoid sudden acceleration.

Secondly, it is necessary to prevent all parts of the vehicle from freezing. The parts that are easy to freeze are doors, brakes, tires, handbrakes, etc. When the outdoor temperature is low and the air humidity is high, the above phenomenon is more likely to occur. In addition, after parking every day, the internal and external circulation control of the air conditioning control panel should be placed in the internal circulation position to prevent the windshield from freezing.

Considering the safety of driving, the defogging device in winter is the key facility that should be paid attention to in winter driving. For example, whether the defogging performance of the rear glass is intact and whether the front defogging air duct is unblocked. Due to the large temperature difference between indoor and outdoor driving in winter, fog will inevitably appear on the glass in the weather with high air humidity. The driver's sight is directly related to driving safety, so the vehicle defogging device must be kept intact.

In addition, although the anti-lock braking (ABS) system can improve the directional stability of braking to a certain extent when it works on ice and snow roads, the braking distance may be longer than that of vehicles without ABS. So let's not rely too much on the electronic brake system. Not only ABS system, but also TRAC, VSC, EBD, BA and other systems have adjustment range, and the vehicle will still lose stability if it exceeds the control range of the system.

It can be seen that the basis of safe driving is to regulate driving and be cautious on the road.

The northern region is cold and dry. Therefore, M6 owners must change the winter special engine oil with viscosity grade of 5W-30 at the beginning of each year, 1 1, so as to provide effective guarantee for the normal operation of your M6 engine. The suitable temperature of this engine oil is -35℃-40℃.

Due to the cold climate in winter, the low temperature will reduce the capacity of the battery. Therefore, please observe the battery plate from time to time. When it is found that the liquid level is lower than or equal to the electrode plate, it is advisable to add battery replenishment liquid (distilled water is also acceptable) in time to make the liquid level exceed the upper limit of the electrode plate by about 3 cm. Try to use anti-skid tires in winter snow. Please don't use the handbrake when parking outdoors for a long time in winter. Because the handbrake may freeze due to long-term parking, it is sometimes impossible to release the braking state. Starting on icy roads or driving at a low speed can ensure your driving safety. Driving in winter, it is recommended that you try not to use the cruise control function.