Which dynasty was the shipwreck in Suizhong, Liaoning Province?

The researchers confirmed that the sunken ship belonged to a Yuan Dynasty cargo ship.

199 1 In July, fishermen in Dananbao Village, Suizhong County, Liaoning Province accidentally fished out a batch of ancient porcelain and some broken boards. After hearing the news, Suizhong County Cultural Relics Management Office collected 585 pieces of porcelain, including white glaze, brown flowers with white glaze and black glaze, bowls, cans, bottles, pots and plates, and made a preliminary appraisal.

In June+10, 5438, professional archaeologists from the Underwater Archaeological Research Office of the Chinese History Museum entered Suizhong, rented five fishing boats and started an investigation with the help of local fishermen.

The cultural relics salvaged are exactly the same as those salvaged by local fishermen. The carbon 14 determination of a wooden specimen suspected of being a ship plate is consistent with the age characteristics of salvaged porcelain. Based on this, it is preliminarily inferred that Sandaogang is a shipwreck site in Yuan Dynasty.

Due to the restriction of special marine physics, marine biochemistry and other factors, the underwater archaeological work of Sandaogang shipwreck has been applied and assisted in navigation, geophysical exploration, positioning, diving, survey, excavation, underwater photography and other technical fields.

Through three years of formal underwater archaeological work, experts have determined that the Sandaogang shipwreck has become an irregular rectangular sediment, partially buried by sediment, and the wooden hull has basically rotted.

(Image from the Internet belongs to the original author)

During the period of 1992- 1998, the site of the Yuan Dynasty shipwreck in Sandaogang underwent six underwater archaeological excavations, and it was finally determined that the shipwreck was a merchant ship full of porcelain and ironware from Cizhou kiln in the Yuan Dynasty. The captain is about 2 1 m and the width is about 8 meters. From the observation of the remaining situation, it turned out that the iron was placed on the lower floor and the porcelain was covered on it, so the porcelain was mainly scattered. Porcelain is mostly a typical object of Cizhou Kiln.

Archaeologists who participated in the field work said that most of the cultural relics salvaged from the seabed had thick sediments. If they are not treated immediately after coming out of the water, the surface shell will become as hard as iron and difficult to peel off. Therefore, the archaeological team built several large pools in the yard of the workstation, which were filled with three chemical solutions to remove the thick vegetation shells on the cultural relics that surfaced every day.

At present, most of the scattered porcelain has been salvaged, and there are more than 1000 pieces of complete Cizhou kiln porcelain alone. The investigation and excavation of Sandaogang shipwreck provided important scientific data for studying the production and sales of Cizhou kiln, the history of northern maritime traffic and shipbuilding in Song and Yuan Dynasties.

1991July, several fishermen accidentally salvaged a batch of ancient porcelain while fishing in sandaogang. Fishermen report to Suizhong County Cultural Relics Management Office. After preliminary identification, the management office considered it a cultural relic of the Yuan Dynasty.

On a happy and auspicious day, a flat-bottomed sand barge loaded with goods set sail smoothly from zhi gu Port, a big port in the southern Bohai Sea at that time. The ship is about 20 meters long. Except the engine room, warehouse and boatman's living quarters, the other five cabins are full of goods. Most of these goods are porcelain from Pengcheng Kiln in Cizhou, and there are also some practical ironware. The captain is a very experienced man. It is the result of his repeated thinking that he chose zhi gu Port, a big port located on the south bank of Bohai Sea, to purchase goods and ship them. Pengcheng Kiln in Cizhou is located in the upper reaches of Fuyang River, so it is possible to negotiate the price directly from there. However, the channel of Fuyang River is very narrow, especially the sharp turn of Nankai River Village, which has caused several smaller flat-bottomed sand boats to turn over the bottom of the river, and even larger ships over 20 meters dare not take such risks. The batch of porcelain that can be selected makes the boss very proud. Although cans, pots, bowls, dishes and plum bottles in this order are the daily necessities of ordinary people, Cizhou kiln also has fine products. The most distinctive ones are dragon and phoenix pots and baby pots, as well as elegant and beautiful fish and algae pots. These items are not only of practical value, but also decorative, so they are elegant at home. The captain naturally knows this business. They run domestic routes. Purchase goods from zhi gu Port, sail along the coastline, enter the Bohai Sea, and then transport the goods to Northeast China and other places. In recent years, the sales of southern porcelain in the north are very good, especially the well-known folk kiln porcelain such as Cizhou kiln, which is cheap and good, and is welcomed and recognized by the people in the north. The quantity of ironware purchased this time is very small. The main thing is to take a batch first and see how it sells. I didn't expect to make a lot of money this time. The weather after going out to sea is very good, and the crew's mood is like blue sea and blue sky. Wan Li is very happy without clouds. The weather suddenly changed when the ship entered the Bohai coast. The captain is the first person to feel dangerous. At this time, the natural monsoon and ocean currents have disappeared, and the more and more manic waves are getting bigger and bigger. The captain found that in a flash, the intensity of wind, waves and currents had completely offset the control of people and machinery on board. A ship is like a runaway horse, let the wind and waves pull the reins and pull it out of its original course. What the boatman can do is to put away the sails on the mast. The noise on the ship only lasted for a short time. In this struggle between control and anti-control, the ship ran aground in the sea and did not move. When the person who fell suddenly got up and realized that it was a beach, the ship had begun to capsize in the wind and waves. The crew didn't have time to call and threw down the heavy cargo in the boat to save themselves. The boat quickly disappeared into the waves like a child's toy, leaving only a faint moan and despair. This place is called Sandaogang. It is named after three high sand ridges under water. The trench between two of the three sand ridges is as deep as 12 meter, which unfortunately became a cemetery for burying the shipwreck of the Yuan Dynasty for 700 years.

1994 began a large number of excavations, resulting in 189 samples of various porcelains and ironware. In addition to the preparatory work that must be done in underwater archaeology, they harvested 6 13 samples of visible materials. Among them, there are many baby play pictures, such as white glazed black flower pots, dragon and phoenix pots, plum bottles and fish and algae pots, which are praised by the academic circles. And most of them are not orphans. These cultural relics scattered underwater for 700 years, with the brilliance of summer, re-entered the vast world in the hands of archaeologists before they could be touched carefully, and won people's favor as soon as they came out.