What are the main weather characteristics and effects of cold wave? What are the main weather characteristics and hazards of cold wave?

Lead: When cold weather happens, the old, the weak and the sick should go out as little as possible to avoid physical discomfort or deterioration of their condition. So, what are the main weather characteristics and hazards of the cold wave? What are the main weather characteristics and effects of cold wave?

What are the main weather characteristics and hazards of cold wave?

What are the main weather characteristics of the cold wave?

It is characterized by severe cooling, strong winds and precipitation. The winter half year is characterized by strong winds and cooling. There is a strong wind behind the cold front, and the general wind speed at sea can reach 5-7 and 6-8. The duration is mostly 1-2 days.

In China, there is a northwest wind in the north, a north wind in the middle and a northeast wind in the south. In arid northwest and north China, sandstorms often form. The temperature dropped sharply after Qianfeng crossed the border, lasting 1 day to several days. Northwest China and North China have more cooling, while Central China and South China have less cooling due to the weakening of cold air. Cooling will lead to frost and freezing. Precipitation mainly occurs near the cold front, with less precipitation in the north of Huaihe River and occasional snowfall, and more precipitation in the south of Huaihe River, especially when the cold front is slow or quasi-stationary, which can produce large-scale precipitation for a long time. In spring and autumn, in addition to strong winds and cooling, there are sand blowing and sandstorms in the north in cold wave weather, and there are more opportunities for precipitation than in winter.

According to the cold wave standard of the Central Meteorological Observatory, the intensity of cold wave activity is defined by process cooling (the beginning and end of cold air influence, the difference between daily average maximum temperature and minimum temperature) and negative temperature anomaly.

The outbreak of cold wave has different characteristics in different geographical environments. In the northwest desert and loess plateau, it is characterized by less wind and snow, which is easy to cause sandstorm weather. In Inner Mongolia grassland, it is windy, snowy and cold. In North China and Huanghuai areas, cold waves are often accompanied by snow and snow. In the northeast, it shows more violent winds and heavy snow, and the snowfall is the highest in the country. Jiangnan is often accompanied by freezing rain.

What are the main hazards of the cold wave?

Influence of cold wave weather on agriculture

Due to the cold wave, the cooling range can reach 10℃ or even above 20℃, which usually exceeds the cold tolerance of crops, causing crop freezing damage.

Influence of cold wave weather on power and communication facilities

The freezing rain brought by the cold wave will make the transmission and communication lines full of rainbows. After freezing, transmission and communication lines will shrink when they are cold. Coupled with the impact of the wind and the weight of the rainbow, the line will be overwhelmed and crushed, and several kilometers or even dozens of kilometers of telephone poles will fall in rows, causing power transmission and communication interruption, seriously affecting local industrial and agricultural production.

Influence of cold wave weather on highway and railway traffic

The strong wind, rain, snow and cooling weather accompanied by the cold wave will cause low visibility, road icing and road snow, which will pose a great threat to the traffic safety of highways and railways.

Influence of cold wave weather on civil aviation

Wherever the cold wave goes, the average wind speed is generally above 15 m/s and lasts for a long time. Strong winds can easily cause accidents such as flat tires and broken landing gear for aircraft taking off and landing. Low visibility, road icing and snow caused by cold wave also have great influence on aircraft take-off and landing.

Influence of Cold Wave Weather on Shipping Color

When the cold wave and strong wind reach the sea surface, due to the small friction on the sea surface, the wind force can generally reach 7-8, and the gust even reaches 1 1 or 12. Maritime shipping is often forced to stop, and ships need to enter the port to avoid danger. In addition, cold waves and strong winds can create storm surges at sea, forming huge waves several meters high, which only have a devastating impact on ships at sea.

Influence of cold wave weather on human health

Strong winds and cool weather can easily lead to colds, tracheitis, coronary heart disease, pulmonary heart disease, stroke, asthma, myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, migraine and other diseases, and sometimes make patients worse.

The cold wave weather affects a wide range and causes serious and diverse disasters. Therefore, we should pay enough attention to cold wave weather and disasters, so as to forecast in advance and take preventive measures in time to reduce and avoid disaster losses.