The impact of topography on other natural elements

(1) The influence of terrain on temperature: The temperature is higher in places with low terrain, and the temperature is lower in places with high terrain; on the side of the tall mountain ground facing the cold air, the temperature is very low in winter, and the cold air in the cup One side is warmer. For example, the temperature in the foothills on the north side of the Qinling Mountains in my country is relatively low, while the Sichuan Basin on the south side of the Qinling Mountains is relatively warm in winter.

(2) The influence of terrain on precipitation: The side of the tall mountainous ground facing the warm and humid air has more precipitation, while the leeward side has less precipitation. For example, the east side of the Taiwan Mountains receives significantly more precipitation than the west side. Cherrapunji on the southern side of the Himalayas has become the wettest place in the world.

(3) The influence of terrain on illumination: The side of the mountain facing the warm and humid air has more rainy weather and insufficient illumination. There is less precipitation on the leeward side and more sunshine. At the top of tall mountains or plateaus, the air is thin and the light is abundant. For example, the temperature on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in my country is low and the heat is insufficient, but the light is sufficient. The sunny slopes of tall mountains receive sufficient sunlight, while the shady slopes receive insufficient sunlight.

(4) The impact of terrain on plant distribution: At the same latitude, places with low altitudes have sufficient heat, so you can try thermophilic plants. There is insufficient heat in high altitude areas, so only plants that can tolerate low temperatures can grow. From the foothills to the top of the mountain, a vertically distributed plant belt is formed. For example, tall mountain ranges such as Mount Everest and the Hengduan Mountains form vertically differentiated plant zones.

(5) Terrain affects air pressure: air pressure is low in high altitude areas and the air is thin. The air pressure is high in low-altitude areas, and the air pressure difference caused by terrain will form a thermodynamic circulation and affect the local climate.