Research contents of satellite meteorology

The research content of satellite meteorology mainly includes two aspects:

① Study the principle and method of detecting various meteorological elements in the earth's atmosphere by using artificial earth satellite observation platform (see atmospheric remote sensing).

② To study how satellite detection data can be applied to various fields of atmospheric science research. For example, according to the radiation detection data of satellites, the radiation balance of the earth-atmosphere system is studied; According to the vertical temperature distribution profile and wind data, a large number of unconventional observation data are provided for numerical weather analysis and forecast; Based on the data of sea surface temperature, land snow and high latitude ice area, the air-sea heat exchange and climate change are studied. According to the satellite cloud image data, identify different weather systems (such as fronts, high-altitude jets, typhoons, temperate cyclones, anticyclones and thunderstorms), judge the development stages and future evolution trends of weather systems, estimate the maximum wind speed in typhoons, and estimate the precipitation intensity of convective clouds. Because the data of polar-orbiting meteorological satellites are not observed at the same time, how to use these observation data at different times in weather map analysis and numerical forecast is still a problem under study (see processing and analysis of numerical weather forecast data). Satellite cloud image analysis is the main basis for weather analysis and forecast in the vast ocean surface and desert and plateau areas with few records. The weather maps released by meteorological departments in many countries are first analyzed based on conventional data, and then corrected by satellite cloud images.