Fog ①Fog is one?

1. zhuó huǎn

2． The water vapor in the low altitude cannot be completely contained by the air due to the lower temperature. The excess water vapor condenses into small water droplets or small ice crystals, which are suspended in the low altitude.

(As long as the meaning is right)

3. cannot. "Easy" means high possibility, if removed, it means absolute. (As long as the meaning is correct)

4. Impact on traffic, harm to agricultural production, harm to human health.

5. Categories. The three methods of artificial fog elimination are clearly explained. (As long as the meaning is correct)

6. Hygroscopic method. ,3,① Fog is a common weather phenomenon. In autumn and winter, when the water vapor in the lower atmosphere reaches a saturated state, the water vapor condensation appearing in the lower atmosphere is suspended in the air, making the horizontal distance of visibility less than 1 km. This weather phenomenon is called fog in meteorology.

②How is fog formed? It turns out that the air can hold a certain amount of water vapor. The higher the temperature, the more water vapor the air can hold, and vice versa. The temperature during the day is generally higher, and the air can hold more water vapor; at night, the loss of heat from the ground causes the ground temperature to drop, which also affects the air layer close to the ground, causing the air temperature to also drop. When the temperature is so low that the air cannot When all the original water vapor is accommodated, the excess water vapor condenses into small water droplets or small ice crystals, floating in the atmosphere near the ground, and fog is formed.

③ Heavy fog has a great impact on traffic. In foggy weather, planes cannot take off and land, and cars, ships, etc. are also prone to traffic accidents due to low visibility. Fog also has certain harm to agricultural production. If there is heavy fog for several consecutive days, crops will lack light, which will affect growth and induce diseases. If wheat encounters heavy fog for more than three consecutive days when heading, it will easily cause scab. Fog also has certain hazards to human health. According to measurements, the proportion of acids, salts, amines, phenols, dust, pathogenic microorganisms and other substances harmful to the human body contained in fog droplets is dozens of times higher than that of ordinary atmospheric water droplets. If people move around in the fog, they will inhale these harmful substances in the fog, which may induce or aggravate many diseases such as tracheitis, pharyngitis, conjunctivitis, etc.

④Since heavy fog has adverse effects on people’s lives, how can it be eliminated?

⑤In view of the process of fog formation, we can carry out artificial fog elimination. The so-called artificial fog elimination refers to the method of using artificial influence to eliminate fog droplets in local areas to improve visibility. Three methods are generally used: one is the heating method. Certain measures are taken for small-scale fog areas to heat the air so that the fog droplets evaporate and disappear. The second is the hygroscopic method. Spread salt, urea and other hygroscopic material particles as a catalyst to generate a large number of condensation nuclei, causing the fog droplets to condense into large water droplets on the condensation nuclei to form rainfall or snowfall, thereby achieving the purpose of elimination. The third is artificial stirring and mixing method. Use a helicopter to fly slowly over the top of the fog area to drive down the dry air above the fog top and mix it with the air in the fog, causing the fog droplets to evaporate and disappear. In December 2002, Shaanxi changed the form of fog by spreading liquid carbon dioxide, turning it into snow and then falling. After on-site investigation, it was found that 20 minutes after the first operation, snow began to fall 1.2 kilometers downwind of the operation, and the snowfall lasted for about 3 hours. After the snowfall, the visibility in the effective area increased from less than 20 meters to 300 meters.

1. Pronounce the underlined words in the following words.

Touch () Lu slowly ( ) slowly

2. Summarize in your own words how fog is formed. (No more than 50 words)

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3. Can the underlined "easy" in paragraph 3 of the article be removed? Please give your reasons.

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4. In what aspects does the third paragraph of the article explain the harm of fog?

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5. What explanation method is used in the underlined part of the ⑤ natural paragraph of the article? Briefly analyze its function.

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6. The example of fog elimination in Shaanxi cited in the fifth paragraph of the article belongs to which method of artificial fog elimination?

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