Allusion question

1 "Zhudao" ghostwritten by Zhudao

After Cao Cao of the Wei State unified the north, his prestige increased, and various ethnic minority tribes attached themselves one after another. The Northern Huns sent envoys to deliver a large number of rare treasures, and the envoys requested to meet Cao Cao. Cao Cao summoned Cui Ying, who had a high-pitched voice and bright features, and asked him to receive the envoy on his behalf. During the reception, Cui Ying was sitting upright in the middle, accepting the congratulations from the Huns envoy, while Cao Cao pretended to be a guard, holding a steel knife in his hand, standing upright next to the couch. After the interview, Cao Cao sent a spy to ask the Xiongnu envoy what his impression was. The messenger said without hesitation: "The king of Wei is handsome, elegant and graceful, and the man holding (holding, carrying) the sword on the side of the couch is majestic and majestic, which is very unmatched by others. He is a true hero!" After hearing this, Cao Cao sent someone Kill this messenger.

2 Hot

The word was first seen in "Beauty's Journey" by Du Fu of Tang Dynasty. In the later period of his reign, Emperor Xuanzong gradually ignored the government affairs and was busy enjoying himself with Concubine Yang, and appointed Yang Guozhong, Yang Guifei's cousin, was the prime minister. For a time, the Yang brothers and sisters were in power. In 753 AD, Concubine Yang had a spring outing in Qujiang, and the scene was extremely extravagant. As a result, the poet who was concerned about the country and the people lamented, "The popularity is overwhelming, so be careful not to get angry with the Prime Minister in front of you." In order to satirize the Yang family's luxury and power; "New Tang Dynasty Book Cui Xuan Biography" recorded: "Shi Yu Said: 'Zheng (Zheng Lu), Yang (Yang Shaofu), Duan (Duan Mei), Xue (Xue Meng), are hot. '" Li Qingzhao, a female poet in the Song Dynasty, said in "Yiju": "The hot hand can be hot but the heart can be cold, not to mention the hot hand. The love between father and son in the world." "Ming Dynasty Dong Chuance Biography" records that "Song (Yan Song) has held great power for a long time and is very popular." The modern writer Sha Ting also said in "Gold Rush", "I saw with my own eyes that he became the leader of this town. "A hot celebrity, and arrogant." It can be seen that from ancient times to the present, "hot" means arrogant and domineering

3 Cutting through walls to steal the light

In ancient times. There was a scholar named Kuang Heng, whose family was poor and could not afford candles, but the lights in the house next door were often bright, so he secretly dug through the wall and read with the light coming from next door.

4 Nang Ying Reading

Che Yin, a native of Nanping in the Jin Dynasty, loved reading when he was young and was eager to learn. However, because of his poor family, he had no money to buy oil

< p>Light up. As time goes by, Che Yin feels that if it goes on for a long time, he will waste a lot of precious time, so he must find a way to solve it. One night, he saw a group of fireflies flying around in a flash, and he immediately thought that if he caught a dozen fireflies and put them in a bag, he could use the light they emitted to read. ? After that, he read by the light of fireflies every night, and sometimes he even saw the dawn.

5 Reading in the Snow

In ancient times, there was a scholar named Sun Kang. Because his family was poor, he often read in the snow on winter nights with the help of snow light.

6 Reading with the Moon

There was a scholar named Jiang Bi in the Southern Qi Dynasty. He had to work during the day and only had time to study at night, but his family was poor and could not afford it

I had no choice but to use the moonlit nights to read. Whenever he read that the moonlight was setting in the west, he would move a ladder and place it at the foot of the wall, and stand on the ladder to read. As the moonlight gradually dropped, he climbed up step by step, until he climbed to the roof. . Sometimes

when he was tired from reading, he accidentally fell off the ladder. He quickly got up without even brushing off the dirt on his body, and then climbed up to the ladder again and continued. Read on.

7 Bull-Horned Books

In the Sui Dynasty, Li Mi was very dedicated to his studies and did not want to waste any time. Once he wanted to go to Suishan and was afraid of being delayed on the way

It took too much time. Before setting off, he put a saddle woven from cattails on the back of the cow, hung the book he wanted to read on the horns of the cow, and read while riding the cow, very focused. Even Yang Su, the minister at that time, passed by without noticing it at all. Diligent study and concentration are admirable.

8 A hundred shots and a hundred hits

In the Spring and Autumn Period, there was a man named Yang Youji under the King of Chu who was good at archery. Once, they stood a hundred steps away from the willow tree, drew their bows, nocked arrows, and fired several arrows, all of which hit the leaves of the willow tree. Everyone was filled with admiration after seeing it. From then on, passed down from generation to generation, his archery skills were called "a hundred shots with a hundred hits".

9 Don’t be ashamed to ask questions

In the Spring and Autumn Period, Kong Yu (yu3), a great official of the Wei Kingdom, died and was called "Wen" by everyone. Confucius' student Zixia asked Confucius: Kong Yu was talented. Smart and studious, he did not think it was a shame to ask for advice from people with lower status and less knowledge than himself, so he was given this title after his death. ”

10 As bold as fighting

During the Three Kingdoms period, Jiang Wei of the Shu Kingdom was very courageous and talented. He was highly regarded by the military advisor Zhuge Liang and appointed him as the general to conquer the west, and he tried his best to conquer the west. Cultivate him. After Zhuge Liang's death, he commanded the troops of Shu and became the general of Shu. He inherited Zhuge Liang's legacy and led troops to attack Wei many times, but he failed to win. , suffered a disastrous defeat, and the later master Liu Chan surrendered. Soon, Zhong Hui of Wei State conspired to rebel against the king of Wei. Jiang Wei thought that the time had come, so he pretended to collude with Zhong Hui in an attempt to restore Shu. Unexpectedly, the plot was revealed, and Jiang Wei was killed by Wei. Killed by soldiers.

Wei Bing cut open his stomach and found that Jiang Wei's courage was as big as a bucket.

11 Muddling By

Legend has it that there is a bird called Hanhao Bird on Mount Wutai, which has four legs and two fleshy wings. In midsummer, its body is covered with colorful feathers, so it cries smugly: "The phoenix is ??not as good as me, the phoenix is ??not as good as me!" By late autumn, all its feathers have fallen off, like a young bird that has just hatched. Shivering in the cold wind. It had no choice but to cry out: "Muddle through, muddy through!" As the weather got warmer, the trumpeting bird continued to jump and sing, forgetting the threat of winter.

Twelve Midas Turns Stone into Gold

In the Jin Dynasty, there was a man named Xu Xun who once served as the magistrate of Jingyang County. He often pretended to be ghosts and performed magic tricks like an immortal. , the common people called him "Xu Zhenjun". Once, when he saw that the people could not pay their taxes, he felt compassion, used magic to turn stones into gold, and paid the arrears of taxes for the people

13 Burning the Cauldron

In the Battle of Julu in 206 BC, Xiang Yu defeated Zhang Han. This war has two meanings: first, the main force of the Qin army was eliminated, and the peasant army gained the initiative in the war; second, Xiang Yu became the commander-in-chief of the coalition forces from a general, and the war began to gradually transform from the battle to destroy Qin to the Chu-Han war. .

14 Strong walls and clear fields

This idiom comes from "The Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms·Book of Wei·The Biography of Xun Jue (yù)".

At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, after Cao Cao suppressed the Yellow Turban Army and occupied the Yanzhou area, he ambitiously prepared to capture the important area of ??Xuzhou.

At that time, there was a man named Xun Jue in Yingyang, Yingchuan (now Xuchang, Henan). He was a very talented man. He moved to Jizhou to avoid Dong Zhuo's rebellion, and was treated as an honored guest by Yuan Shao. He saw that Yuan Shao could not achieve great things, so he defected to Cao Cao's sect. Cao Cao was overjoyed and appointed him Sima. From then on, he followed Cao Cao in his southern and northern campaigns, making suggestions and winning Cao Cao's trust.

In 194 AD, Xuzhou Mu Tao Qian died of illness and gave Xuzhou to Liu Bei before his death. When the news came, Cao Cao could no longer hold back his desire to seize Xuzhou, and was busy sending troops to Xuzhou. Xun Jue understood Cao Cao's thoughts and said: "Back then, Emperor Gaozu of the Han Dynasty secured Guanzhong and Emperor Guangwu Liu Xiu occupied Hanoi. They both had a solid base. They could advance enough to defeat the enemy and retreat enough to defend it, so it became a great cause. Now the general regardless of Yanzhou goes to attack Xuzhou. If we leave too many troops in Yanzhou, it will not be enough to capture Xuzhou; if we leave too few, if Lu Bu takes advantage of this moment, it will not be enough to defend Yanzhou. In the end, Yanzhou will be lost. Xuzhou has not taken it." He also pointed out, "It is the wheat harvest season now. I heard that Xuzhou has organized manpower to harvest the wheat outside the city and transport it into the city. This shows that they are ready. If the news comes, they will. The fortifications will be strengthened, all supplies will be transferred, and everything will be ready to attack us (the original text is: 'Now the east is harvesting wheat, the walls will be fortified and the fields will be cleared to wait for the general'). In this way, your troops and horses are really gone, and the city cannot be attacked. , Nothing can be obtained, and within ten days, your army will collapse without a fight."

Cao Cao was very impressed by Xun Jue's words, and concentrated his troops from then on, and quickly defeated Lu Bu. . Later, he defeated Liu Bei and occupied Xuzhou.

"Strengthening the wall and clearing the wilderness": Strengthening the wall means strengthening city walls and fortresses; clearing the wilderness means collecting food and property in the wild. Strengthen the fortifications and move all the residents and supplies from the surrounding areas so that the enemy can neither attack in nor grab anything, so it cannot stand. This is a method of combat against a superior enemy.

15 Uprising

This idiom comes from "On the Passage of Qin" written by Jia Yi of the Western Han Dynasty. It talks about the peasant uprising led by Chen Sheng and Wu Guang at the end of Qin Dynasty.

In July 209 BC, the local official of Yangcheng (now southeast of Dengfeng, Henan Province) sent two officers to escort 900 poor and strong men to Yuyang (now Miyun County, Beijing City) Defend the frontier. The two officers then selected two strong men from among the strong men to serve as village chiefs, and asked them to manage the rest of the strong men. One of the two village chiefs was named Chen Sheng (zi She), a farmhand; the other was named Wu Guang, a poor peasant. The two of them didn't know each other before, but now they meet together and share the same fate, and they soon become good friends.

Chen Sheng, Wu Guang and his party rushed north without daring to delay at all. Because according to the decree of the Qin Dynasty, if you miss the date, you will be beheaded. However, they had just walked for a few days before arriving at Daze Township (now southwest of Su County, Anhui). It was raining heavily, so they had to camp and wait for the weather to clear before leaving. The rain kept falling again, and seeing that the date was delayed, Chen Sheng discussed with Wu Guang and said: "Even if we leave and miss the date, we will die; if we escape and are caught by the government, we will die. Anyway, it is death, so it is not as good as everyone They rebelled together, overthrew Qin II, and eliminated harm to the people."

Wu Guang is also a wise man. He agreed with Chen Sheng's opinion and agreed to use the names of Prince Fusu, who was killed by Qin II, and Xiang Yan (Xiang Yu's grandfather), the former general of Chu who was deeply supported by the masses, to call on the world to attack Qin II. World.

So Chen Sheng and Wu Guang took a few of their henchmen and hacked the two officers to death, then held up their heads and explained to everyone that those who rebelled without justice would die in vain.

All of these hundreds of people suddenly expressed their willingness to risk their lives to work with Chen Sheng and Wu Guang. Everyone cut down trees as weapons, held high bamboo poles as flags, swore an oath to heaven, and worked together to overthrow Qin II and avenge Chu general Xiang Yan. Everyone also publicly recommended Chen Sheng and Wu Guang as leaders, and Daze Township was immediately occupied. As soon as the farmers in Daze Township heard that Chen Sheng and Wu Guang had risen to resist the tyranny of the Qin Dynasty, young people came to the camp one after another with hoes, rakes, poles, and wooden sticks to join the army.

People simplify "cutting down trees to become soldiers, raising poles to become flags" into the idiom "raising poles to rise", which is a metaphor for holding high the flag of righteousness and rising up to resist. Mostly refers to people's uprising.

16 Dynasties Qin Mu Chu

Pinyin: zhāo qín mù chǔ

Allusion: During the Warring States Period, the two great kingdoms Qin and Chu were in opposition to each other and often fought. For the sake of their own interests and security, some princes and small countries sometimes leaned towards Qin and sometimes towards Chu. It is a metaphor for the capriciousness of people.

Source: Song Dynasty Chao Buzhi's "Ji Ri Ji Ji Beizhu Pavilion Fu": "The disciples are in all directions, and they are in the Qin Dynasty and the Chu Dynasty is late."

Example: Sigh~, Three years of dependence on Liu. (The 29th chapter of "The Peach Blossom Fan" by Kong Shangren of the Qing Dynasty)

17 Besieging Wei and rescuing Zhao

In 353 BC, the State of Wei besieged the State of Zhao, and the State of Qi sent Tian Ji to lead his army to rescue Zhao. Tian Ji took advantage of Wei's emptiness and led troops to attack Wei. Wei's army returned to save his country. Qi's army took advantage of its exhaustion and defeated Wei's army, and Zhao's siege was relieved.

18

Victory by surprise

During the Warring States Period, Qi general Tian Dan used the Fire Ox Formation to attack the Yan army, causing the Yan army to be defeated. This is what Sun Tzu said in the chapter on The Art of War: "Any warrior wins by surprise."

19 War and Chaos

bīng huāng mǎ luàn Idiom allusion: Huang, chaos: refers to the instability of social order. Describe the chaos and unrest in society during the war.

The source of the idiom: The fourth chapter of "Wutong Ye" by Anonymous of the Yuan Dynasty: "In that war and chaos, we will definitely be driven into captivity." Example: At this time, there was war and chaos everywhere, between Qin, Mu, and Chu, so I reluctantly made a "Old Tang Dynasty" "Book", there is still leisure and leisure to write this ink. "(Chapter 1 of Li Ruzhen's "Flowers in the Mirror" of the Qing Dynasty)

20 Bingrong meets each other

bīng róng xiāng jiàn Idiom allusion: Bingrong: weapon. To meet with force. Refers to use War solves problems.

Fēng huò lián nián Idiom allusion: beacon fire: the fireworks used by border guards in ancient times refer to wars and wars.

The source of the idiom: Yuan Dynasty Dai Liang's "Jiulingshanfangji·24·Climbing Dalao Mountain": "Looking back to the southeast, the beacon fire alarms have been heard year after year. ”

22 militancy

qióng bīng dú wǔ Idiom allusion: qióng bīng dú wǔ: qióng: exhaustion; 黩: casual, arbitrary. Use force at will and continuously launch aggressive wars. Describes extremely bellicose.

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The source of the idiom: "The Chronicle of the Three Kingdoms·Wu Shu·Lu Kang Biography": "I heard that the generals were interested in fame, resorted to military warfare, and spent thousands of dollars. The soldiers were exhausted and the invaders were not in decline. I saw that I was seriously ill. ”

23 pillow on the sword and sleep on the armor

zhěn gē qǐn jiǎ Idiom allusion: sleeping on the pillow and wearing armor. Describes often living in war.

The source of the idiom: "The Book of Jin·He Lian Bo Bo Zai Ji": "I have no talent to rectify the chaos, and I cannot help the common people. I have been sleeping in the enemy's arms for ten or two years, but the world has not been the same. The remaining bandit is Shang Chi. ”

24 Disasters end in a company of soldiers

huò jié bīng lián Idiom allusion: knot: connection; soldier: war; connection: succession. War after war brings endless disasters .

The source of the idiom: "Book of Han·Biography of the Xiongnu": "Although there was success in defeating the enemy, he was always rewarded, and the army continued to cause trouble for more than thirty years." "Example sentence: As soon as I went to my hometown, the news was gone, and the disaster caused a series of soldiers, and the charming phoenix and chick Luan had no faith to pass on. (Yuan·Anonymous's "Wutong Yu", the first fold)

25 Turning hostility into friendship

huà gān gē wéi yù bó Idiom allusion: a metaphor for turning war into peace

Origin of the idiom: "Huainanzi·Yuandaoxun": "In the past, Xia Gun built a city of three Ren, and the princes carried it. , there is cunning overseas. Yu knew that the world was rebelling, destroying cities and ponds, scattering wealth and property, burning armor and soldiers, showing them kindness, subduing foreign guests, accepting officials from all over the world, uniting the princes in Tushan, and carrying jade and silk to all nations. ”

26 Dragon’s Blood Xuanhuang

lóng xuě xuán huáng Idiom allusion: It is a metaphor for the fierce war and the blood flowing into the river.

The source of the idiom: "Yi Kun": “When dragons fight in the wild, their blood is black and yellow. ”

27 All trees and grass are soldiers

During the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Qin King Fu Jian controlled northern China. In 383 AD, Fu Jian led 900,000 infantry and cavalry to attack the Jin Dynasty in the south of the Yangtze River. Jin Army General Xie Shi and Xie Xuan led 80,000 troops to resist. Fu Jian learned that the Jin army was insufficient, so he wanted to seize the opportunity and attack quickly.

Unexpectedly, Fu Jian's vanguard. The 250,000 troops were unexpectedly defeated by the Jin army in the Shouchun area and suffered heavy losses. The generals were killed and more than 10,000 soldiers were killed or injured.

The Qin army's morale was greatly weakened and their morale was shaken. The soldiers were frightened and fled one after another. At this time, Fu Jian saw the Jin army's orderly ranks and high morale on Shouchun City. Looking north at Bagong Mountain, he saw that every plant and tree on the mountain looked like Jin soldiers. Fu Jian turned around and said to his younger brother: "What a powerful enemy this is! How can you say that the Jin army is insufficient in strength?" He regretted that he had underestimated the enemy too much.

The unlucky start cast an ominous shadow on Fu Jian's mind. He ordered his troops to deploy on the north bank of the Fei River in an attempt to use their geographical advantages to reverse the situation. At this time, Xie Xuan, the general of the Jin army, made a request for the Qin army to retreat slightly and make room for the battle across the river. Fu Jian secretly laughed at the Jin army's generals who did not understand common sense in combat, and wanted to take advantage of the Jin army's busy crossing the river and difficulty in fighting to launch a surprise attack, so he readily accepted the Jin army's request.

Unexpectedly, after the military order to retreat, the Qin army collapsed like a tide, while the Jin army took advantage of the situation and crossed the river to pursue it, killing the Qin army until they abandoned their helmets and armor, leaving corpses scattered all over the ground. Fu Jian was hit by an arrow and fled.

28 The momentum is overwhelming

At the end of the Three Kingdoms, Emperor Wu of Jin Sima Yan destroyed Shu and seized power in Wei. After that, he prepared to send troops to attack Soochow and realize his desire to unify all of China. He summoned the civil and military ministers to discuss the plan of destruction. Most people believe that Wu State still has certain strength, and it may not be easy to destroy it in one fell swoop. It is better to make sufficient preparations.

General Du Yu disagreed with most people's views and wrote a memorial to Emperor Wu of Jin Dynasty. Du Yu believed that it was necessary to destroy the Hao Kingdom while it was currently weak, otherwise it would be difficult to defeat it when it gained strength. Sima Yan read Du Yu's memorial and asked Zhang Hua, his most trusted minister, for advice. Zhang Hua agreed with Du Yu's analysis and advised Sima Yan to attack Wu quickly to avoid future troubles. So Sima Yan made up his mind and appointed Du Yu as the general to conquer the south. In 279 AD, Sima Yan, Emperor Wu of the Jin Dynasty, mobilized more than 200,000 troops and horses, divided into six groups to advance by land and water, and attacked the state of Wu. The war drums were beating all the way, the battle flags were flying, and the warriors were mighty and majestic. The next year, Jiangling was captured, a general of Wu State was killed, and he led the army to pursue the victory. The Wu troops south of the Yuanjiang and Xiangjiang rivers were frightened when they heard the news, and opened their city gates one after another to surrender. Sima Yan ordered Du Yu to march towards Jianye, the capital of Wu State, from a small road. At this time, some people were worried that the water in the Yangtze River would surge, so it would be more advantageous to temporarily withdraw troops and wait until winter to attack. Du Yu firmly opposed retreating. He said: "Now, while the morale is high and the fighting spirit is strong, we will win one victory after another and be as powerful as breaking a bamboo (just like splitting a bamboo with a sharp knife, the bamboo will break after a few sections), and attack Wu in one fell swoop." It won’t take much effort!” Under the leadership of Du Yu, the Jin army rushed straight to Jianye, the capital of Wu, and soon captured Jianye and destroyed the state of Wu. Emperor Wu of Jin unified the country.

29 is in full swing

At the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, King Fucha of the Wu Kingdom successively conquered Yue, Lu and Qi. He was ambitious and continued to march to the northwest, intending to conquer Jin in one go. .

But at this time, King Goujian of Yue took the King of Wu's retreat. He led the army to fight as far as Gusu (Suzhou), the capital of Wu State, and sent troops to occupy the Huaihe River, cutting off King Wu's retreat.

This news poured cold water on King Wu Fucha. He was very shocked and immediately summoned civil servants and generals to discuss countermeasures. Everyone said that if we go back now, we will lose the battle at both ends, and we will be beaten on both sides. If we can defeat Jin, we will become the overlord among the vassal states, and it will not be too late to go back and deal with Gou Jian, the king of Yue.

The big idea has been made, and the top priority is to conquer Jin as soon as possible. After careful consideration, he decided to win by surprise.

One evening, King Wu issued an order. All the soldiers in the army were well fed, and the horses had enough fodder. Thirty thousand elite soldiers and generals were selected from the entire army. Every ten thousand people are arranged into a square formation, and the *** is arranged into three square formations. Each square array contains a hundred people horizontally and vertically. At the head of each row is a military officer. Every ten rows, that is, one thousand people, is in charge of one doctor. Each phalanx is led by a general. The square formation in the middle has white helmets and armor, white clothes, white flags, and white bows and arrows, controlled by the King of Wu himself, and is called the Central Army; the square formation on the left has red helmets, red armor, red clothes, and red that is simply unfathomable; The square array on the right is all black. Set out in the middle of the night and arrived at a place only one mile away from the Jin army at dawn. The sky was just beginning to show its light, Wu Jun's drums were beating loudly, and the cheers shook the construction site.

The Jin army woke up from their dreams and were shocked when they saw the three phalanxes and the majesty of the Wu army: the white phalanxes were "looking at them like full bloom" - like white flowers blooming The thatch grass; the red square array, "looks like fire" - like a blazing flame; and the black square array, is simply like an unfathomable sea.

30 Retreat to Sanshe

During the Spring and Autumn Period, Duke Xian of Jin believed the slander and killed Prince Shen Sheng, and sent people to capture Shen Sheng's younger brother Chong'er. After hearing the news, Chong'er escaped from Jin and lived in exile for more than ten years.

After many hardships, Chong'er came to Chu. King Cheng of Chu thought that Chong'er would do great things in the future, so he welcomed him with the courtesy of a nation and treated him like a distinguished guest.

One day, the King of Chu hosted a banquet in honor of Chong'er. The two drank and talked, and the atmosphere was very harmonious. Suddenly the King of Chu asked Chong'er: "If you return to Jin one day and become the king, how will you repay me?" Chong'er thought for a moment and said: "My king, you have a lot of beauties, precious silks, rare bird feathers, ivory and animal skins. The land of Chu is rich in products. How can the Jin Kingdom offer any rare items to the king? "The king of Chu said: "Young Master is too modest.

Even though you say that, you should still express something to me, right? Chong'er smiled and replied: "It's thanks to you." If I can really return to my country and take charge, I would like to be friendly with your country. If one day a war breaks out between Jin and Chu, I will definitely order the army to retreat for three hectares (one hara is equal to thirty miles). If I still cannot get your forgiveness, I will fight you again. "

Four years later, Chong'er really returned to Jin and became the king. He was the famous Duke Wen of Jin in history. Jin became increasingly powerful under his governance.

BC In 633, the armies of Chu and Jin met during a battle. In order to fulfill his promise, Duke Wen of Jin ordered the army to retreat ninety miles and stationed in Chengpu. When the Chu army saw the Jin army retreating, they thought the other side was afraid and immediately moved. Pursued. The Jin army took advantage of the Chu army's weakness of being proud and underestimating the enemy, concentrated its forces, and defeated the Chu army.

31 One man held the pass

Story: "Historical Records". "" records: Liu Bang entered Xianyang in 207 BC and "guarded Hangu Pass until Xiang Yu arrived and was not allowed to enter." This can be seen from the situation of Hangu Pass that "one man is in charge of the pass and ten thousand men cannot open it". In ancient times, there were several idiom stories related to Hangu Pass.

32 Besieging Wei and rescuing Zhao

In 353 BC, the State of Wei besieged the State of Zhao, and the State of Qi sent Tian Ji to lead his army to rescue Zhao. Tian Ji took advantage of the emptiness of the State of Wei and led troops to attack Wei. The country was thus relieved of the siege.

33 Surprise victory

During the Warring States Period, Qi general Tian Dan attacked the Yan army with the Fire Ox Formation and defeated the Yan army. This is what Sun Tzu said in his article on the art of war. Anyone who fights will win by surprise. ”

34 Besieged on All Sides

Xiang Yu and Liu Bang originally agreed to use the east and west sides of the divide (in the Jialu River in today’s Rong County, Henan Province) as the boundary to avoid infringement. Later, Liu Bang followed the advice of Zhang Liang and Chen Ping. , thinking that Xiang Yu should be eliminated while he was weak, so he joined forces with Han Xin, Peng Yue, and Liu Jia to pursue Xiang Yu's troops heading east to Pengcheng (now Xuzhou, Jiangsu), and finally deployed several layers of troops to tightly surround Xiang Yu. At Gaixia (in the southeast of today's Lingbi County, Anhui Province), Xiang Yu had very few soldiers and no food. At night, he heard the troops surrounding him singing folk songs of Chu, and he couldn't help but be very surprised and said: "Has Liu Bang already obtained Chu? Why are there so many Chu people in his army? "As he said that, he had lost his fighting spirit, so he got up from the bed, drank wine in the tent, and sang with his favorite concubine Yu Ji. After singing, he burst into tears. The people around him were also very sad and felt that He couldn't raise his head. After a while, Xiang Yu mounted his horse and took the remaining 800 cavalry, and escaped from the south, fighting while fleeing, and committed suicide by retreating to the Wujiang River

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In the Spring and Autumn Period, Duke Xian of Jin believed the slander and killed the crown prince Shen Sheng. He also sent people to capture Shen Sheng's younger brother Chong'er. After hearing the news, Chong'er fled the state of Jin and lived in exile for more than ten years. King Chu Cheng thought that Chong'er would do great things in the future, so he welcomed him as a distinguished guest. One day, the King of Chu hosted a banquet for Chong'er, and the two chatted in a very harmonious atmosphere. "If you return to Jin one day and become the king, how will you repay me?" Chong'er thought for a moment and said, "Your Majesty, you have plenty of beauties, precious silks, rare bird feathers, ivory and animal skins, which are abundant in the Chu region. How can Jin have any rare items to offer to your Majesty?" The King of Chu said, "Young Master is too modest." Even though you say that, you should still express something to me, right? Chong'er smiled and replied: "It's thanks to you." If I can really return to my country and take charge, I would like to be friendly with your country. If one day a war breaks out between Jin and Chu, I will definitely order the army to retreat for three hectares (one hara is equal to thirty miles). If I still cannot get your forgiveness, I will fight you again. "

Four years later, Chong'er really returned to Jin and became the king. He was the famous Duke Wen of Jin in history. Jin became increasingly powerful under his governance. In 633 BC, Chu and Jin The army of the state met during the battle. In order to fulfill his promise, Duke Wen of Jin ordered the army to retreat ninety miles and stationed in Chengpu. When the Chu army saw the Jin army retreating, he thought that the opponent was afraid and immediately pursued the Chu army. He was arrogant and underestimated the enemy's weakness, concentrated his troops, defeated the Chu army, and won the battle of Chengpu.

36 Horse-leather shrouded corpses

The Eastern Han Dynasty returned to the army from the south, and many old friends came to welcome him. , Meng Ji, who was known to have a plan, also congratulated him. Ma Yuan said: "Why are you like ordinary people?" If the Xiongnu and Wuhuan are still harassing the north, I want to invite them to attack. The man should die in the wilderness, and his ears should be buried with his body wrapped in horse leather. How can he die in bed among his children, women and maidservants? "See the "Book of the Later Han·Biography of Ma Yuan". Later, "horse leather shrouds" and other references were used to refer to those who died fighting for the country. "Xihu Mengxun·Yuewang Tomb" written by Zhang Zhang of the Qing Dynasty: "But if the peace is over, the country is shrinking day by day, and the man is a man." It would be a shame not to be able to repay your father by wrapping your corpse in horse leather! ”

37 Invincible in battle: There is no offensive battle that cannot be defeated. It describes being extremely powerful and capable of defeating everything.

Source: Qing Dynasty Zhaozhen’s "Xiaoting Xueru·Zhuan'an Monk" ": "The king of Wu has also arrived for the general's affairs. He has opened up territory for him and attacked the city. The battle has been invincible, and several counties have been recruited in a few months. "

38 Victory in a hundred battles: Victory in every battle. Describes invincibility.

Source: "Sun Tzu: Planning for Attack": "Victory in a hundred battles is not a good thing. ”

39 Invincible in a hundred battles: experienced many battles without being in danger. Describes being good at using troops.

Source: "Sun Tzu: Planning for Attack": "He who knows his enemy and himself can fight a hundred battles without danger."

40 Victory in consecutive battles: ① Winning battles one after another. ②Today it mostly refers to continuous good results in sports competitions or exams.

41 Repeated battles and repeated defeats: repeated: many times. We fought many battles and failed many times.

Source: "Book of Jin·Huan Wen Biography": "Yin Hao went to Luoyang to repair the tomb. After several years of work, he suffered repeated defeats and exhausted all his equipment."

42 Quick Battle Quick Decision: Use quick tactics to end the battle. It also means completing a task quickly.

Source: Lao She's "Four Generations Under One Roof" May Day: "The war has been dragging on for more than a year, and there is no hope of a quick victory."

43 A bloody battle to the end : Bloody battle: a very fierce and desperate fight. Refers to a fierce battle to the last moment.

Source: Tang Dynasty Du Fu's poem "Send Off to Judge Li of Lingzhou": "The world is red in bloody battles, and the sun and moon are yellow in the atmosphere."

44 Use war to fight: Use war to eliminate war .

Source: "Book of Shang Jun·Hua Ce": "Therefore, it is necessary to fight with war, even if it is possible to fight."

45 Fighting from behind the city: Back: facing away. Fight to the death with the enemy under your own city. The final battle that determines life and death.

Source: "Zuo Zhuan: The Second Year of Chenggong": "Please collect the embers and turn your back to the city to borrow one."

56 A battle against the water: Back to the water: With your back to the water, it means there is no way out. . It is a metaphor for fighting to the death with the enemy.

Source: "Historical Records·Biography of the Marquis of Huaiyin": "The letter made ten thousand people go ahead and go out with water at their backs. The Zhao army laughed when they saw it."

47 Short-term combat: short Soldiers: swords and other short weapons; then: fighting. Refers to close combat. A metaphor for a fierce fight face to face.

Source: "Three Kingdoms·Wei Zhi·Dian Wei Biography": "Wei was wounded dozens of times, and the soldiers engaged in hand-to-hand combat, and the thieves attacked him."

48 Each fought on his own: Each becomes an independent unit to fight.

Source: "Historical Records of Xiang Yu": "If the king can fight with Han Xin from Fu Hai to the east of Chen; and to fight with Peng Yue from the north of Suiyang to Gucheng, if each of them fights, Chu will be easily defeated. . ”

49 Fight alone: ??Fight hard: fight with all your strength. The isolated and helpless army fought alone against the enemy. It also refers to a person or a group working hard to engage in a certain struggle without support or help.

Source: "Book of Wei·Biography of Zhao Xia": "Sizu led Peng Pei's people to retreat in front of the formation, but Xia fought hard alone and broke the immortal pot alone." "Book of Sui·Biography of Yu Qingze": "From this Changru fought alone, and the number of dead was eighteen or nine."

50 Fight to the death: Jue: decision; death: desperate effort. Fight to the death against the enemy.

Source: Chapter 33 of "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" by Luo Guanzhong of the Ming Dynasty: "In the coming days, drive the people to take the lead, followed by the army, and fight to the death with Cao Cao."

51 Ming Dynasty Shame-taught warfare: Teach soldiers to fight, so that they know that retreat is a shame, so they can move forward bravely and kill the enemy to win.

Source: "Zuo Zhuan·The 22nd Year of Duke Xi": "It is shameful to teach war and seek to kill the enemy."

52 Conquests in the South and North: Describes fighting in the north and south, Been through many battles.

Source: "On Feudalism" by Liu Zongyuan of the Tang Dynasty: "After King Xuan, with the virtue of Zhongxing and restoration, and the power of the Southern Expedition and the Northern Expedition, the death cannot determine the heir of the Marquis of Lu."

53 Being able to fight: It means having rich combat experience and being able to fight well.

Source: Chapter 43 of "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" by Luo Guanzhong of the Ming Dynasty: "A resourceful and resourceful person can conquer more than one or two thousand generals."

54 Hugh The soldiers stopped fighting: rest, stop: stop. Stop or end war.

Source: Yuan Dynasty Kong Wenqing's "Dongchuang Incident" wedge: "It's just a truce to stop fighting and return to the court. This is what I secretly thought about."

55 bloody battle: description Fight tenaciously to the death.

Source: Chapter 6 of Du Pengcheng's "Defending Yan'an": "During these fifteen days and fifteen nights, the soldiers either fought bloody battles or marched quickly."

56 Unjust War in the Spring and Autumn Period : There was no just war in the Spring and Autumn Period. Also refers to unjust wars.

Source: "Mencius · Do Your Heart": "Mencius said: 'There are no just wars in the Spring and Autumn Period.'"

57 Brave and good at fighting: Brave and good at fighting.

Source: "Book of Southern Qi·Biography of Dai Sengjing": "The general Sun Tanguan of his party was brave and good at fighting. Every time he made a move, he often killed a lot of people. Hundreds of officers and soldiers died."

One man is in charge of the pass, ten thousand men are not allowed to open, they are wrapped in horse leather, they go into battle bare-chested, they are a mob, they are surrounded on all sides, they use their troops like gods, they are brave but not clever, all the people are soldiers, they attack the east and west, they are unprepared, they take them by surprise, they build strong walls and clear the country, they rise up, surround Wei and save Zhao, they are surrounded on all sides, they watch from the wall, they cross Chencang secretly , the alliance under the city, laughing at fifty steps and making a hundred steps, killing oneself to become a benevolent person, talking about war on paper, with the sound of wind and cranes, and the grass and trees are all soldiers, making camp step by step.

Look at the plum blossoms to quench thirst, move the curtains and curtains, make a strong effort, and then fail three times. One man is in charge of the barrier, and no one can open it. He can frighten the snake, the courageous and unintelligent, the whole people are soldiers, attack the east and the west, attack the unprepared, take the enemy by surprise, strengthen the wall and clear the field, rise up, know yourself and the enemy, win every battle, and plan your strategy. To win a thousand miles decisively, to take the enemy by surprise, to attack them unprepared, to encircle Wei and rescue Zhao, to attack the east and attack the west, to be besieged on all sides, to be attacked from the front and back, with soldiers all over the grass and trees, with the roar of the wind and cranes, to talk about war on paper, to join forces vertically and horizontally, to know the way, to be the overlord, to bid farewell to my concubine,

The boat is broken. Standing on the wall and watching, crossing Chen Cang secretly, forming an alliance under the city, laughing at fifty steps and laughing at a hundred steps, sacrificing one's life to be benevolent, making camp step by step, looking at the plum blossoms to quench thirst, manipulating the curtains and curtains, making a strong effort, and then failing three times, and the remaining courage is outstanding. The body is wrapped in horse leather, the mob rises up, there is a hail of bullets and smoke, the shadow of swords and swords, the fighting and the iron horse, the sky is full of artillery fire, the blood and flesh are flying everywhere, the soldiers in Hufu are riding and shooting, talking about war on paper, Handan is learning to walk, carrying a thorn to plead guilty, returning the jade to the Zhao Dynasty, Mao Sui recommends himself, one man is in charge of the gate, ten thousand people are not allowed to attack, and all grass and trees are soldiers. , wrapping corpses in horse leather, going into battle bare-chested, mobs, striking grass and frightening snakes, besieged on all sides, using soldiers like gods, brave but not clever, all the people are soldiers, making noises in the east and attacking in the west, attacking those who are unprepared, taking them by surprise, strengthening the wall and clearing the field, raising poles, destroying cauldrons and sinking boats, surrounding Wei and rescuing Zhao, watching from the wall, crossing Chencang secretly, making alliances under the city, laughing at a hundred steps at fifty steps. , sacrifice one's life to become a benevolent person, talk about war on paper, the wind is trembling, and the camp is carried out step by step. Look at the plum blossoms to quench thirst, move the curtains and curtains, make one vigorous effort, and then fail three times.

I am brave enough to be a hero, I know my enemy and myself, I can fight a hundred battles without danger, I can be attacked from both front and back, I can't defeat them, and I can win every battle