What was the land area of Japan during the Qing Dynasty?

Japan is equivalent to Yunnan Province.

The total area of Yunnan Province is 394,000 square kilometers, accounting for 4. 1% of the total land area of China.

Japan

Physical geography: Located on the west coast of the Pacific Ocean, it is an arc island country extending from northeast to southwest. It is separated from China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia by the East China Sea, the Yellow Sea, the Korean Strait and the Sea of Japan. The land area is 377,880 square kilometers, including Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu and more than 6,800 other small islands. The territorial sea area is 3 10000 square kilometers. There is a territorial dispute with Russia over the "four northern islands" (called "South Kuril Islands" by Russia) and a territorial dispute with South Korea over Zhudao (called "Dokdo" by South Korea). Mountains and hills account for 7 1% of the total area. There are more than 160 volcanoes in China, of which more than 50 are active volcanoes, which is a famous earthquake zone in the world. Mount Fuji is the highest mountain in China, with an altitude of 3776 meters. Hot springs are all over the country. The river flow in the territory is short, and the longest Xinnong River is about 367 kilometers long. The largest lake is Lake Biwa, with an area of 672.8 square kilometers. Because it is surrounded by the sea, it has a temperate maritime monsoon climate, which is mild and humid all year round, with no severe cold in winter and no heat in summer. There are many typhoons in summer and autumn, and it rains in June. 1 Monthly average temperature is -6℃ in the north and16℃ in the south; In July, it was 17℃ in the north and 28℃ in the south. The annual precipitation is 700-3500mm, and the maximum is over 4000mm.

Introduction Japan

A brief history of Japan

In the middle of the 4th century, a unified country, Yamato, appeared in Japan. At the beginning of the 5th century, the Yamato nation reached its peak, and its power has expanded to the south of the Korean Peninsula. In 645 AD, a great innovation took place, and a centralized state system with the emperor as the absolute monarch was established by imitating the laws and regulations of the Tang Dynasty. At the end of A.D. 12, it entered a military feudal country with real power held by the samurai class, which was called the "shogunate" period in history. /kloc-In the middle of the 0/9th century, Britain, the United States, Russia and other countries forced Japan to sign many unequal treaties, and ethnic and social contradictions intensified. The Tokugawa era, which implemented the feudal policy of closing the country to the outside world, was shaken, and the local powerful factions Samo and Changzhou with capitalist reform ideas fell under the slogan of "respecting the king and resisting foreign countries" and "enriching Qiang Bing". 1868, the reformists carried out the Meiji Restoration, abolished the feudal separatist regime, established a unified centralized state, and restored the emperor's supreme rule. After the Meiji Restoration, Japanese capitalism developed rapidly and gradually embarked on the road of aggression and expansion. 1894, Japan launched the Sino-Japanese War. 1904 provoked the Russo-Japanese war; 19 10 embezzled Korea. 1926, Emperor Hirohito ascended the throne, and Japan entered the Showa era. Japan was defeated in World War II and declared its unconditional surrender on August 1945. In the early post-war period, the US military occupied Japan alone. 1947 in may, the new constitution was implemented, and it changed from an absolute imperial state to a parliamentary cabinet state with the emperor as the national symbol.

Japan's position and territory

Japan is an arc-shaped island country, located in the eastern part of the Asian continent, with a length of 3000 kilometers. Japan consists of four main islands, namely Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu and Hokkaido, and more than 4,000 small islands distributed around them, collectively known as the Japanese archipelago. Tokyo, the capital, is located at 140 degrees east longitude (the longitude is roughly the same as that of New Guinea and central Australia. ) 36 degrees north latitude (the same latitude as Qingdao, China, Teheran, malta island, Strait of Gibraltar and Grand Canyon).

The distance between Tokyo and other places is as follows

New york ...10850km; Los Angeles ... 8740 kilometers; Rio de Janeiro ... 18560 km

London ... 9560 kilometers; Berlin ... 89 10 km; Cairo ... 9,550 kilometers.

Sydney ... 7830 kilometers; Singapore ... 5320km Manila ... 3000 km.

Shanghai ... 1770 km.

Japan's land area is about 378,000 square kilometers, slightly larger than that of Malaysia, equivalent to 1/25 in China, 1/25 in the United States, 1/23 in Brazil and 1/5 in Indonesia.

The climate of Japan

The Japanese archipelago is 3000 kilometers long from north to south, spanning subtropical and sub-frigid zones. Due to the huge influence of complex topography and ocean currents, the climate in different regions is significantly different. Most areas have a warm maritime climate with four distinct seasons.

The undulating mountains run through the Japanese archipelago, which makes the climate between the Pacific coast and the Sea of Japan very different. On the Pacific coast, due to the influence of the southeast monsoon, it is very sultry in summer and sunny in winter. Coastal areas of the Sea of Japan. In winter, due to the northwest monsoon blowing from the mainland, there is more snowfall. It is one of the few snowy areas in the world, and the snow in Niigata Prefecture and other places has reached 4 ~ 5 meters. Except Hokkaido, the rainy season (Meiyu) from early June to mid-July is hot and humid every year. From August to 10 every year, the southwest region is often affected by typhoons. The mainland parts of Honshu and Hokkaido (especially basins) have less rainfall and larger temperature difference. Besides the rainy season mentioned above, the coastal areas of Seto Inland Sea generally have less rainfall and a warm climate. In most parts of Japan, the best seasons are spring and autumn. Especially from April to May, when plants germinate, and from late September to mid-October, when the weather is clear and the leaves turn to Huang Shi, the scenery in Shan Ye is very beautiful.

Meiyu, typhoon and heavy snow are not pleasant things. In particular, most wind disasters and floods are caused by typhoons. Typhoon season is the flowering and fruiting period of rice, which brings great anxiety to farmers. However, it also brings many benefits to Japan. Rainfall during the Meiyu period is indispensable for planting rice. A large amount of rainfall and winter snowfall brought by typhoons can enrich water resources.

Topography of Japan

The Japanese archipelago is surrounded by the Pacific Ocean and the Sea of Japan, and is connected with Asia through the continental shelf. There are deep Japanese trench and Izu Kogasawara trench along the Pacific coast. There are several volcanic mountains in Japan, so the terrain is varied. The river is short and swift, deep valleys are formed in the mountains, and the coastline is tortuous and complicated. The Japanese archipelago is located in the Pacific Rim seismic belt. Volcanic activity is frequent, which is a rare multi-volcanic zone in the world (1923 Great Kanto Earthquake of magnitude 7.9 brought great disaster to Tokyo and southeast Kanto). 67% of the country is mountainous, and most of it is covered by forests. Agricultural land accounts for 15%, and residential land accounts for 3%. Industrial land accounts for 0.4%.

The population of Japan

About 1.2768 billion (2004: 1.00). According to the figures released by the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare in September 2003, as of September 1 year, there were 2056 1 elderly people over 100 years old in the Japanese archipelago.

State and religion

The main ethnic group is Yamato, and there are about 24,000 Ainu people in Hokkaido. Japanese is widely used, and a few people in Hokkaido can speak Ainu. The main religions are Shinto and Buddhism, and the religious population accounts for 49. 6% and 44. 8% respectively.

Japanese economy

Japan is an economic power. Mineral resources are poor, and most of them depend on imports except coal and zinc. The extent to which the main resources depend on imports is: coal 95.2%, oil 99.7%, natural gas 96.4%, iron ore 100%, copper 99.8%, bauxite 100%, lead ore 94.9%, nickel ore 100%, and phosphate rock. The forest area is 25.26 million hectares, accounting for 66.6% of the total land area, but 55. 1% of the wood is imported, which is the country that imports the most wood in the world. There are abundant hydropower resources, and the hydropower generation accounts for about 12% of the total power generation. Offshore fishery resources are abundant. Industry is highly developed and is the main pillar of the national economy. Gross industrial output accounts for about 40% of GDP, mainly concentrated in the Pacific coast. Keibon, Hanshin, Zhongjing and Kitakyushu are four traditional industrial zones, and then there are new industrial zones such as North Kanto, Chiba, Seto Inland Sea and Suruga Bay. Japan has established the development policy of establishing a country through trade since the 1950s. After China's entry into WTO, Japan began to gain the same equal status as other contracting parties. According to the basic principle of most-favored-nation treatment in GATT, free trade with most countries and regions has created favorable international market conditions for the continuous expansion of Japan's foreign trade scale. Since then, Japan's foreign trade has grown rapidly, mainly to the United States, Asian countries and European Union countries. The fiscal year in Japan is from April of that year 1 to March of the following year1. In 2002, the GDP was about 4. 2 trillion US dollars, and the per capita GDP is about 32,900 US dollars.

administrative division

Prefectures in Japan are parallel administrative regions directly under the central government, but all prefectures have autonomy. The whole country is divided into 1 capital (Tokyo), 1 road (Hokkaido: Hokkaido), 2 prefectures (Osaka: Osaka, Kyoto: Kyoto) and 43 counties (provinces), with cities, towns and villages. Its official position is called "Hall", that is, "Metropolitan Hall", "Daoting Hall", "Government Hall" and "County Hall", and its chief executive is called "Governor". Each city, prefecture, county has several cities, towns (equivalent to towns in China) and villages under its jurisdiction. Its offices are called service centers, that is, city service centers, town service centers and village service centers, and the chief executive is called mayor, mayor and village head. These 43 counties are Aichi, Miyazaki, Akita, Nagano, Aomori, Nagasaki, Chiba, Nara, Fukui, Niigata, Fukuoka, Oita, Fukushima, Okayama, Gifu, Saga, Ehime, Okinawa, Gunma, Saitama, Hiroshima, Shiga, Hyogo and Shimane.