Natural Resources of Yosemite National Park

Yosemite has a variety of wild animals, and some endangered species can be found, such as peregrine falcon, golden eagle and bighorn sheep. Mammals, Birds and Other Animals The largest mammal black bear in the park is called "black bear", but they can also be brown, gold, cinnamon or even white. In 2004, it was reported that more than 500 bulls lived here.

Mule deer, also known as "black-tailed deer".

Coyote, Yosemite's coyote is usually mistaken for a wolf.

Bobcats, they are the most common wild cats in North America.

California ground squirrel, the largest number in summer, hibernates in winter. The western grey squirrel is the most common in winter.

Pumas, which are rarely seen by humans, eat deer, raccoons and squirrels.

Marmot (woodchuck) Star blue jay.

Crow (crow)

Black-eyed flounder (Juncus nigricans)

Red-tailed eagle

peregrine falcon

Big grey owl rattlesnake

rainbow trout

There are many kinds of wild animals in Mosquito Park, including common deer and squirrels, as well as less common grizzly bears, black bears, mountain lions, wolves and foxes.

Yosemite's diverse landscape shelters 37 native tree species and hundreds of native wildflowers, many of which can only be found in this park. Wildflowers See some pine trees (Pinus ponderosa) that you will see.

Xiangxuesong

California black oak

There are 700 giant sequoias found in Mariposa, TuOlemyr and Merced woodlands in Yosemite.

There are 1000 kinds of flowers and plants in the park, including black oak, cedar, yellow pine and giant sequoia. There is a giant redwood called grizzly bear, which is estimated to be 2700 years old and is the largest tree in the world. There are also spectacular sequoias towering into the sky. Beyond the valley, Yosemite National Park has three huge redwoods with thousands of ancient trees towering. At an altitude of 600-4000 meters, many rare animal and plant species in the world have been discovered. Just entering the valley, there are valley views and tunnel views at the junction of CA- 120, CA-49, CA-4 1 highways, which are the most ideal locations for viewing the U-shaped valley. The U-shaped valley is all over the world, and the Half Moon Mountain in the distance has become the most distinctive theme in the valley. The view here is relatively wide in the valley, and the sunshine shines on the granite cliffs of Half Moon Mountain on sunny days, highlighting its precipitousness and strength; In the evening, the sunset dyed the Half Moon Mountain orange-red, burning like a raging fire; When dark clouds are gathering, the dark clouds are accompanied by a half-moon mountain painted in black paint, which is quite meaningful; When the rain clears, a series of sunshine shoots out from the cracks in the clouds in turn, changing with the dissipation of the clouds, and a natural laser show is staged. It wasn't long before I walked on, when I heard the rumbling sound of water, Breier Ville Waterfall appeared on my right. The water in this waterfall is not big, hanging in the air like a bride's veil. During the ice age, Yosemite, the main valley, contained more ice and the valley was cut deeper. The tributaries flowing into the main valley contain less ice and the valley is cut shallowly. After the end of the ice age, these tributaries were like suspended valleys. When the river reached the end of these suspended valleys and was ready to join the main valley, it rushed out of one waterfall after another. Bridal veil waterfall is one of these waterfalls flowing out of the suspended valley, and it is also the first one I saw along the way.

Continuing upstream along the Mesd River, this valley is a flood plain. For example, in the spring of 2005, the temperature was unusually high and the snow melted very quickly, so it was once flooded. Some tourists were trapped by the flood, the park was once closed, and the rest of the tourists were evacuated urgently. This section of the Mesd River is relatively wide, and some people rent canoes. Many people row boats here every summer. The stream in Yosemite National Park is the most famous and interesting stream in the world, which attracts crowds of tourists and walks through the canyon. Larger streams and rivers show their clarity and beauty in the canyon with their uncontrollable energy. On the wide and flat land where foam splashes, the water flows down in a step-like manner on a gentle slope, and beautiful eddies appear everywhere, and the splashed water mist turns into a rainbow in the sun; The roar of water-rock collision echoed for a long time when rushing through rugged canyons and boulders blocking rivers. On the waterfall, the water is turbulent and unrestrained, but when passing through the Changlin Basin shaded by green trees, the water becomes gentle and comfortable, the water is as bright as silver, and the sound of water is like a complaint, making the Grand Canyon full of wonderful songs and making everything full of vitality. Yosemite streams are diverse, and its poetry can be felt in any season. In early summer, the stream is the clearest, the water is crystal clear, deep but not turbid, full but not overflowing, and the water depth at night is similar to that during the day. Now the huge difference between day and night in spring has become very small and difficult to detect. The weather in Wan Li is almost always clear and cloudless. Lakes, rivers, gardens and forests all show the brightest faces with their enthusiastic vitality. Most plants are in the heyday of their lives, and the enviable water thrush has built a nest full of moss. They stood on the splashing rock ridge beside the waterfall, singing the most beautiful and sweet songs freely.

In the quiet autumn, the stream drops to the lowest water level, losing the noise and jubilation of the past and becoming calm and serene. Some smaller branches of the river, whose tributaries did not reach the top of the mountain, became a trickle. The snow in the basin disappeared, leaving only a small moraine spring to supply water to these rivers. Most of the moraine spring water evaporated on the way across the warm moraine surface, from one pool to another pool in the middle of the gravel. Even the mainstream is shallow and easy to pass through.

Yosemite's streams originate from the Thuram and Merced rivers. They almost irrigated the whole Yosemite Park, just like oak trees with huge crowns, and their tributaries extended to the vast distance. The water sounds of Thuram River and Merced River are the most melodious, and their upstream tributaries all originate from the same spring on Mount Lyle, where the altitude is about 3960 meters. The rock covered on the top of the glacier has been planed and eroded into a thin piece, which is full of water. The main part of glacier melt water pours northward through cracks and becomes the source of Thuram River. When it flows down, the river turns into a gray turbulence. It whirled and the river wavered. They crossed the valley covered with shrubs between the foothills, crossed the golden California plain, and finally merged into the San Joaquin River, where the distance between the two long-distance rivers was only about 16 km. Lake Stella is like a sapphire pearl. This is not obvious. It takes a long journey, even hardships. Perhaps it is to repay those who make unremitting efforts, so it is particularly beautiful. The blue lake reflects the cedar growing on the edge, the brown peak, the big white snow in the valley and the white clouds in the sky. Sweep your eyes across the lake. On one side of this oval lake, there are patches of cedars, while on the other side, bare peaks stand and nothing grows. And on this bare rock surface, covered with this piece of ice and snow. This snow, this white, is so close under the bright sun in June, as if it is within reach, as if it smells sweet. On this side of the lake, after thousands of years of wind, frost, rain and snow, only the peeled trunk is stubbornly stuck in the soil. Visitors can experience its magical beauty. At the foggy sunrise, "falling arrow rock" rises from the ground, and parallel "Three Brothers Peak" and "Half Dome" etc.

The semi-dome is the symbol of Yosemite, and there is a steep cliff deep into granite to its west. Its surface is evenly cut by glaciers.

Sentinel Rock is located on the south side of Yosemite Valley, so it is named after its similarity with watchtower.

El Capitan, Elca, is 3,593 feet above the bottom of the valley. Climbers from all over the world come to this mountain to challenge their abilities on the granite surface.

Mt. Lyell, Mt. Dana and Mt. Gibbs, matterhorn, glacier point.

"Sentinel Stone" has stood on the top of the mountain for thousands of years, and it seems determined to preserve the traces of volcanic eruption. The so-called "chief stone", the largest independent granite in the world, rises from the bottom of the Marseille River and soars nearly 1 100 meters, which always attracts many rock climbers who like excitement. To understand the toughness of granite after the edges and corners are removed, it is best to look at the scattered "dome stone" and the "semi-dome stone" split in half by the divine power of nature. The most perfect part of Yosemite smooth granite is distributed at an altitude of 2,400-2,700 meters, and some of them reach several kilometers in Fiona Fang. There are only a few scars on the smooth granite, and the best preserved part is radiant, reflecting sunlight like calm water and glass. Although it has experienced thousands of years of wind and rain, it shines like a polish every day.

The smooth water around Lake Tanaya is particularly beautiful, and the name of this lake is translated as "Flash Lake". Dogs and horses who come here for the first time should stare at this magical land in surprise and study the geological structure. They scratch with their paws and smell with their hooves for fear of slipping on them or sinking into the water.

Glaciers also expose the structure of rocks to us. The remains left by marine life, the stress and distortion caused by geological rocks, and the huge feldspar structure embedded in rocks show their beauty without polishing.

It is about 50 kilometers from the park population to the commanding heights of glaciers, and it can be boarded in 40 minutes by car. There is a steep hiking route from Yosemite Valley, and you can also reach the top of the cliff, but it takes 4 hours to walk. This is a rather difficult journey, but once you reach the top and enjoy the infinite scenery, you will feel that everything is worth it. Maripasha Giant Sequoia in Warona District is a must-see for tourists. Walk 60 kilometers south from the valley, near the entrance (south entrance) of Fresno National Park. The giant sequoia area in Maripasha is the most attractive place in the south of Yosemite, where there are about 500 giant sequoias. Many trees are over 2000 years old. One of the redwoods named "Grizzly Bear" has always been famous for its huge tree enclosure and majestic tree festival. The trees near the standing forest area were originally hollowed out from the root of a big tree to form a tree hole for cars to pass through. 1969 was knocked down by a snowstorm. The fallen tree king stubbornly resisted decay. Husband and wife trees remain loyal from the same root; Busy foraging in the forest, the millet mouse casually sowed seeds for the forest giant.

To visit the trees in Maripasha, you can walk there (about 4 kilometers to the hiking section of Shangshu District). Or take part in the open-air tram tour provided by the park almost all year round. Stops include grizzly bears, collapsed tunnel trees and Maripasha Museum (open from 8: 30 am to 5: 00 pm every day). It is recommended to walk along the 1.5km medium mountain road at the point of Huawona and 3.2km from the museum to the parking lot. You will see enthusiastic red millet rats (squirrels) and colorful wild flowers, including lupines, flat calyx flowers, azaleas and rare red-eared red snow algae. This giant wood group, headed by giant sequoia with a diameter of 1 1 m, a height of 64 m and a tree age of 2,700 years, has a living area of 1 square kilometer, which is really amazing for the great creation of nature.

The northern part of Yosemite Valley is a place rich in forests, rivers and valleys, which is 700 square kilometers long and extends to the boundary of the park. There is only one east-west road here, and one section of this road is the highest mountain road in the state (3030 meters). This area is a camping place. Starting from the beautiful Turum grassland, there are many paths leading to all directions. Toulon grassland is a scenery not to be missed. Located in the highland at an altitude of 262 1 m, it is known as the "grassland on the cloud" and belongs to the most beautiful mountainous area in the world. This is the most beautiful alpine grassland in Xia. Fresh air, elegant environment and broad vision make you feel independent. The grass is criss-crossed with paths leading to Xiya and Leshan. Grassland is one of the five famous mountains in the resort, which is the most popular among mountain climbers. This vast Turun grassland is warm in spring in bloom, and there are lush mountains, elephants, red lotus, Blaudy, Fritillaria, forage mushrooms, Raymond's flat calyx flowers, and lovely hermits in the north.

In autumn, there are colorful and different fruit drops everywhere, which can not only make birds and bears have a full meal, but also make every tourist have a full meal, especially on the sunny grassland, where the fruit drops are more abundant: some wither, some are red berries, blueberries and blackberries, some grow close to the ground, and some are hung on the branches of shrubs 3 meters high. White pearl raspberry, which Indians call "Sao"; Orange berries are 2.5 cm in diameter and grow in dense branches. Their flowers are similar to wild roses, but of course they are more beautiful than fruits. In addition, there are vine berries, cool berries, household products, blackberries and vines. However, deep in the forest, this undergrowth plant is rare, with only a few sparse raspberries, cranberries and vines.

In the virgin forest of Yosemite National Park, huge tree trunks stand upright, like pillars of a temple, supporting arches interwoven with countless leaves.

The ceiling is dotted with stars, and the sky is radiant. The sparse part of the forest is like an open park. The ground is covered with small shrubs, or only some flowers flash from time to time between needles. Where the terrain is flat or the slope is gentle, the trees are clustered together to form a small jungle, and flowers, low shrubs and bushes are scattered, just like a garden park or a carefully planted private garden. They sometimes grow regularly around grasslands and lakes and on steep slopes of canyons. However, the forest is widely distributed in a wide area according to the climate and the relative ability of each tree species to acquire and fix soil, and the great change of terrain and the barren soil like embroidered brocade prevent the monotony of tree species. On the way to Yosemite Canyon, you can enjoy the beautiful forests in Merced and Thuram basins, or you can enjoy the most elegant trees passing by the roadside at any time without leaving the car seat.

To be sure, no one will encounter difficulties in it. Even the blind can appreciate the beauty of this forest in his unique way-he can suck its youth, listen to the music of Lin Feng, and touch flowers, pinnate leaves, fruit trees and densely lined trunks with his fingers as easily and naturally as breathing.

There are countless plants in Yosemite National Park, and there are even many kinds of pine trees, such as California pine, slender pine, nut pine, white pine, Bishop pine, Lambert pine, yellow pine, Runnan pine and western pine.

California pine is the most obvious feature of the vegetation in the foothills. This is a very stretched and loose tree with branches extending outward. Altitude12 ~18m, sparse leaves, light green, big pinecones. Generally, at the height of 5 ~ 9 meters from the ground, the trunk begins to disperse outward, forming several main branches. They spread out in all directions and then stand upright to form an independent crown. The tree seems to have split from it, branching from these main branches again and again, forming thin and sparse spikes with leaves 20 ~ 30 cm long. The flowers are yellow-purple, about 2.5 cm long, and the pistils are clustered. Thick pine cones, dark brown when ripe, are filled with hard-shelled nuts that Indians and squirrels crave. This grotesque tree likes the hot sun like a brown hammer. They are sparsely distributed in small oak trees and bushes in the driest mountainous areas of western North America. Pinus elliottii is a slender arrow-shaped small tree with three light green leaves clustered together, and the clustered flowers are 1.3 cm long, and the colors are brown and crimson. Around branches and trunks, the phenomenon of clustered pinecones is very obvious. Until the tree dies, the pinecones will not fall or scatter. The pinecone is about 10 cm, which is extremely strong. A layer of hard lacquer resin makes it a waterproof, insect-proof and squirrel-proof packaging box. In its life, the seeds inside are safely and freshly preserved. Sometimes, individual pine cones on the trunk will grow wildly. This kind of pinecone is embedded in xylem, just like a knot, but almost all pinecones grow outward. With the xylem getting thicker and thicker, the pressure on the base of pine cones is getting bigger and bigger, so they are pushed against the surface of the trunk.

In Yosemite Park, pine trees are mainly distributed on the flank of Merced Canyon. This pine tree has a strange phenomenon: it is all clustered together. Loose forests are all composed of loose forests of the same age, because a large number of seeds are sown together at the same time, resulting in dense trees. This seemingly delicate pine tree can resist the ravages of mountain fires! No matter how bad the environment is and how hard the blow is, Leptospira can keep the seeds intact until the day of death. When all the remaining seeds are scattered in the scorched earth, a new generation of hook-end pine will sprout rapidly from the ashes. Bai Song is a gentleman who can bend and stretch. Near the wood line, it grows very short, like a bush; In a suitable environment, it can grow to15m high and1~1.5m thick. The long branches spread boldly around, looking like the closely related Pinus armandii and Pinus lamberti. In the park, it is distributed on the eastern slope of the mountain south of Mono Pass.

Lambert Pine is a beautiful gentleman with personality. In the park, walking into the sunny open forest belt, the first thing that attracts people's attention is Lambertson. It is as tall as a tower and stands out from other trees. Among the seventy or eighty kinds of pine trees in the world, Lambert pine is the largest and most magnificent, and among all conifers, it is second only to Jushan, the king of conifers. Whether he loves trees or not, every traveler will never forget his first trip to Lambert pine forest. Huge tree crowns are connected with each other, supporting a beautiful tree crown. A beam of sunlight pours down from branches and leaves, pine needles are shining with silver light, and solid tree trunks are plated with gold, which makes the whole earth intoxicated.

Sabina vulgaris is suitable for growing on moraine soil with good soil quality, and its growth rate is similar to that of oak. However, in the dome area, the exposed moraine surface and slowly eroded granite ridge grow very slowly. Sabina vulgaris is a veritable Millennium tree species. A Sabina vulgaris, with a diameter of only 89 cm, is 1 140 years old on the Sida Jinshan beam. Another North American Sabina vulgaris on the same ridge is only 50 cm in diameter, but it is 830 years old. In the northern part of the surface of Tanaya moraine, there is a medium-sized Sabina vulgaris with a diameter of 6 feet. There are 859 annual rings in the outermost layer of its 37 cm bark, which means that there are 57 annual rings in the 2.5 cm wood, which shows that its growth rate is slow.