The weather is hot in summer, how to deal with burns?

Many burn patients will deepen their wounds because of improper treatment before going to the hospital, and even need surgical skin grafting to recover. In fact, in just a few minutes after burn, if appropriate measures are taken, the injury can be obviously alleviated and even the pain of operation can be avoided.

In life, flame burns and hydrothermal burns such as hot water and hot oil are the most common. Many patients directly apply sesame oil, soy sauce, yellow sauce, toothpaste and other items to the wound after injury, and then rush to the hospital for medical treatment. However, these daily necessities have no effect on the treatment of burns and scalds, which can only increase the difficulty of doctors' treatment. If you apply purple liquid medicine, it will affect the doctor's judgment on the injury because it is heavy in color and difficult to wash.

Observe the skin conditions such as redness, blisters and whitening after drying.

1.I degree burns and first aid: Only burns on the skin surface will make the skin red, swollen and stinging. Rinse with clean cold water for about 30 minutes, and you can recover without leaving scars even if you don't go to the hospital. This degree of scald, if treated urgently, will not leave any scars after healing. When scalded, first rinse the scalded area with cold water for about 20 minutes, which can relieve the pain and reduce the degree of redness and swelling. Then apply antibiotic ointment and wrap it with gauze to avoid infection.

2. Shallow second-degree burns and first aid: the skin is not only red and swollen, but also blistered, the skin is broken, the dermis is exposed, and blood and other liquids are oozing. Burns of this degree are very painful, but sometimes they are so severe that they can't feel pain.

This degree of scald, if washed directly with clear water, will aggravate the injury, so put the affected area into a washbasin filled with ice water, and then use tap water to flow into the washbasin to cool the affected area. As long as it is cooled for 20~30 minutes, it can relieve the pain and prevent the deep skin tissue from being damaged by heat. After the wound is really cooled, cover the affected area with sterile gauze to prevent bacterial infection.

When clothes are wet by hot water or burned by fire, they should be washed down from the surface of clothes with cold water immediately, or the affected area covered with clothes should be directly placed in a container filled with water, such as a bathtub, and then the clothes should be taken off after the affected area is really cooled. If some cloth sticks to your skin when you take off your clothes, don't peel it off and keep it as it is.

After the scalded skin really cools down, in order to prevent bacterial infection, it is necessary to cover the affected area with clean cloth or sterile gauze and send it to the hospital for emergency treatment immediately. Call an ambulance if the affected area is large.

3. Third-degree scald and first aid: Third-degree scald goes deep into subcutaneous tissue, and the skin will become dry, hard, white and even black, but it will not feel pain. After fully cooling the affected area with cold water, immediately send it to the hospital for rescue. If such a serious burn is not immediately sent to the hospital for proper treatment, the skin will shrink and wrinkle, and the motor function of the joints will also decline, so special attention should be paid.

4. The main points of scald treatment:

(1) immediately cool the affected part.

(2) Avoid infection of the affected part.

(3) receive appropriate treatment immediately.

The above three items are the main points of scald treatment. Of course, if the burn is extensive, you need to call an ambulance to the hospital immediately.

The best treatment after burns and scalds is local cooling, and cold water washing is the most practical and feasible method. The earlier the washing time, the better. Even if burns and scalds have caused the epidermis to fall off at that time, they should be washed with cold water. Don't be afraid of infection. The washing time can last about half an hour, subject to the obvious relief of pain after leaving the cold source.

If you can't get close to the water source quickly, you can also use ice cubes, popsicles or even frozen pork stored in the refrigerator for cold compress. If cold therapy takes proper measures, it can obviously reduce local exudation and save incomplete tissues and cells. If such measures are taken only after arriving at the hospital, the best opportunity for cold therapy will be lost in most cases.

For chemical burns caused by acid and alkali, the pre-treatment is also washed with clear water, and it is necessary to wash with a large amount of flowing clear water, without looking for a neutralizer for this chemical substance. Premature application of neutralizer will aggravate local tissue damage due to acid-base neutralization and heat production.

Electrical burns can be divided into two categories: one is caused by electric arc, and the treatment method is the same as that of general burns and scalds; The other is the burn caused by human contact current, which is also a real electric burn. This kind of injury is usually serious, and you should seek medical attention immediately after leaving the power supply.