The hottest year in Qing dynasty

According to the meteorological records of China in the past 3,000 years, the eight years of Qianlong (1743) can be said to be the hottest year in the history of China.

The heat wave swept half of China at that time, and the weather in Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shanxi and Shandong was extremely hot. Zhang Del, director of Paleoclimate Research Office of National Climate Center of China Meteorological Bureau, found that the temperature values in the afternoon of July 20th to 25th all exceeded 40℃ and reached the peak of 44.4℃ on July 25th, which has not been broken so far.

There are many records about the high temperature in this year in the local chronicles of the Qing Dynasty. In the "Fushan County Records", it is said that "it is hot in summer and May, and pedestrians on the road are mostly frozen to death, especially in Beijing, and vendors drifting in Beijing are also hot to death". Fushan County is today's Fushan County, Linfen City, Shanxi Province, which belonged to Pingyang Prefecture in Ming and Qing Dynasties. It has been in hot weather since May, causing many pedestrians to die of heat, and the high temperature in Beijing is even more serious. Some do business in Beijing.

Other documents of the hottest year in Qing Dynasty:

"Qingcheng County Records" records that "the drought is thousands of miles away, the indoor appliances are hot, and the wind bakes the trees and dries up in the southwest. In June, there were many refugees in Wuding House in Tianjin South, and passers-by died of heat. " Qingcheng County is located in the west of gaoqing county, Zibo City, Shandong Province today. The Qing Dynasty belonged to Wuding Prefecture. The drought has ravaged thousands of miles here, even the indoor appliances are hot, and the trees are dead because of the weather. In June, many Tianjin people fled here to avoid the high temperature, and many passers-by were killed by the heat.

"Continued Donghua Record" recorded "June, summer is in danger", and the word "Wei" was directly added before the word "summer".

"Gaoyi County Records" also records that "from May 28th to June 6th, it was difficult to get hot, the walls were heavy and cloudy, and lead and tin were sold out in Japan and China, and many people died of thirst". Gaoyi County is today's Gaoyi County, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province. During the Qianlong period, it belonged to Zhaozhou. It is not difficult to see from its records that the weather was unbearable at that time, even the shady corners were on fire, and even metals such as lead and tin were burnt at noon.