The weather is cold, what should diabetics do if they have a fever?

The body resistance of diabetics is far less than that of healthy people. Therefore, acute diseases such as colds, fever and diarrhea are hard to avoid. These diseases may be nothing to ordinary people, but for diabetics, the problem may be much more serious. If not handled properly, it will not only lead to blood sugar out of control, but also lead to serious consequences such as "ketoacidosis" and even life-threatening.

Diabetic fever is easy to induce ketoacidosis.

Cold and fever will not only affect patients' diet and medication, but more importantly, this stress state will stimulate the body to secrete a large number of stress hormones (such as adrenaline) to fight diseases, and the latter will antagonize the effect of insulin, leading to significant increase and fluctuation of blood sugar, which will easily lead to acute complications of diabetes such as "ketoacidosis" and "non-ketotic hyperosmolar coma". The former is more common in patients with 1 type diabetes, while the latter is more common in patients with type ⅱ diabetes.

How to monitor the condition during fever?

Especially for diabetic patients, it is more necessary to strengthen the monitoring of blood sugar and urine ketone body during illness. It is usually required to measure blood sugar every 4 ~ 6 hours and at least four times a day, that is, before three meals and before going to bed: when blood sugar is higher; 13.9mmol/l, urine ketone body should be measured every 4 ~ 6 hours.

It is necessary to detect urine ketone bodies, because stress factors such as fever and infection can easily induce ketoacidosis, especially in patients with 1 diabetes.

How to use hypoglycemic agents during fever?

Illness puts the body in a state of tension. Even if a patient is too ill to eat, his blood sugar may be high. Therefore, regardless of whether the patient has taken oral hypoglycemic drugs or injected insulin before, he should continue to adhere to the treatment regardless of whether he eats or not during the illness, and sometimes even increase the dose of the drug. Unauthorized withdrawal of drugs often leads to serious acute complications, such as ketoacidosis. In addition, patients who can't eat and have a strong positive urine ketone body should be treated with insulin.

As for how to adjust the dosage of hypoglycemic drugs (including insulin), it should be decided by professional doctors according to the results of blood sugar monitoring of patients. What should be increased should be increased, and what should be reduced should be reduced. Only in this way can we avoid hypoglycemia, prevent hyperglycemia and keep blood sugar stable.

How to arrange diet during fever?

During illness, appetite will certainly be affected to varying degrees. In order to reduce this effect, patients can eat some delicious and digestible foods to meet the basic calorie needs of the body. If patients have difficulty swallowing ordinary food, they can change to liquid, semi-liquid or soft food, such as porridge, noodles, cereal, juice, milk and other foods. Clear soup is also a good choice. If your appetite is too bad, you can eat a few more meals and divide them into several times. Take 15g every 1 ~ 2 hours or 50g sugary food every 3 ~ 4 hours to prevent hypoglycemia.

In addition, fever, vomiting and diarrhea can cause patients to lose a lot of body fluids. Therefore, we must pay attention to replenish enough water and electrolytes (such as warm water, light salt water, light tea, etc.). ); If the patient cannot eat, he can also choose to drink some sugary drinks (such as rice porridge). Oral rehydration can not only prevent dehydration, but also help to dilute blood, improve circulation, lower blood sugar and remove ketone bodies.