Please briefly talk about the climate characteristics of China.

The main features of China's climate can be summarized into two main aspects: one is the complicated and changeable climate type, and the other is the remarkable continental monsoon climate.

China has a vast territory and a large span from north to south, with tropical, subtropical and temperate zones. This is the main basic reason for the complexity and diversity of climate types in China.

China is located in the east of Asia-Europe continent, the largest continent in the world, and it is close to the Pacific Ocean, the largest ocean in the world. The difference between land and sea is outstanding, which has a far-reaching impact on the climate in China. From the southeast coast to the northwest inland, the continental characteristics of climate are gradually enhanced, and humid, semi-humid, semi-arid and arid climatic zones appear in turn, which is one of the fundamental reasons for the special drought and sparse vegetation in northwest China.

At the same time, China is one of the regions with the most developed monsoon climate in the world. Winter is controlled by Asian high, cold and dry northerly winds prevail, summer is controlled by northwest Pacific subtropical high, and humid and warm southerly airflow from the sea prevails, with humid and rainy temperature.

The above factors constitute the overall distribution trend of China's climate, and the complex terrain makes the local climate of each place have its own characteristics. On the one hand, topography can block the low-level airflow, prevent the redistribution of water and heat, and change the distribution of water and heat. On the other hand, the change of hydrothermal conditions with the elevation of the terrain leads to the vertical change of climate, which makes the climate at the top of the mountain and at the foot of the mountain obviously different. A series of east-west mountains in China become the horizontal dividing line of climate. For example, the Qinling Mountains are an important dividing line of China's climate. In winter, it weakens the cold air from north to south, which makes the climate difference between north and south of Qinling Mountains significant. For another example, Nanling is also an important dividing line of China's climate, and the cold air going south in winter is blocked on the north slope.

In particular, the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has a far-reaching impact on China's climate, and its blocking effect on atmospheric circulation has a great impact on China's climate. The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, with an average elevation of 4000 meters, is already in the westerly belt at high altitude. In winter, because of its existence, the westerly airflow is divided into two branches, the north branch forms a ridge of high pressure and the south branch forms a trough of low pressure. After bypassing the plateau, two westerly airstreams meet in the east, thus affecting the weather and climate in eastern China. On the other hand, the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau also affects the atmospheric circulation situation in East Asia through the action of cold and heat sources, and increases the intensity of monsoon, thus affecting the climate situation in eastern China.