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Postal code: 7 10000

Area: 9983 square kilometers

Population: 8,375,200

Location: Located in the middle reaches of the Yellow River, at the northern foot of Qinling Mountains, in the middle of Guanzhong Plain.

Administrative divisions: Xincheng, Beilin, Lianhu, Weiyang, Baqiao, Yanliang, Yanta, Lintong, Chang 'an, Zhouzhi, Lantian, Gaoling and Huxian.

Regional profile

Xi 'an, known as Chang 'an and Jingzhao in ancient times, is the world-famous four ancient capitals of civilization (Xi 'an, Cairo, Rome and Athens), ranking first among the four ancient capitals in China (Xi 'an, Luoyang, Beijing and Nanjing). It is the capital with the longest capital, the most dynasties and the greatest influence in the history of China, the birthplace of Chinese civilization, the cradle of Chinese nation and the representative of Chinese culture.

Today, Xi is the capital of Shaanxi Province in People's Republic of China (PRC), one of the seven regional central cities in China, the center of Asian knowledge and technology innovation, the China section of the New Eurasian Continental Bridge and the largest central city in the Yellow River Basin, and the China large aircraft manufacturing base. Xi is one of the cities with the largest concentration of key institutions of higher learning in China, and the scale of institutions of higher learning is second only to Beijing. The scientific and technological strength is second only to Beijing and Shanghai, ranking third in the country. Xi is also the largest and most important base for scientific research, higher education, national defense science and technology industry and high-tech industry in central and western China. It is an important center of machinery manufacturing and textile industry in China, a weapon manufacturing base of electronic information industry, a core base of aviation industry and aerospace industry, one of the largest central cities with the strongest scientific and technological strength and the most complete industrial categories in China, and has a national-level cultural industry demonstration zone "Xi 'an Qujiang New District". Xi 'an is a dynamic inland new special zone, a financial center and transportation center in the central, western and northern inland areas of China, a national experimental zone for overall planning of scientific and technological resources, and the core of Guanzhong-Tianshui Economic Zone. At present, Xi 'an is more committed to building the "Western Triangle", namely Chengdu-Chongqing and Xi 'an Economic Zone. Xi is defined by the state as building a modern international metropolis.

administrative division

Xi governs 9 municipal districts and 4 counties. The new address of the Municipal People's Government is located in Weiyang Square (Xi 'an Administrative Center), Fengcheng Eighth Road, weiyang district.

The jurisdiction covers a total area of 9,983 square kilometers and has a permanent population of 8,434,900, including 5.65 million urban residents and 5.49 million urban registered residents.

The new urban area covers an area of 3 1 km2 with a population of 640,000. Located in the northeast of the city center, it was named after the Qing Dynasty city (also known as the new city).

Beilin district covers an area of 22 square kilometers and has a population of 830,000. It is located in the south of the city center, across the inside and outside of the city wall, named after the forest of steles in Xi 'an.

Lianhu District covers an area of 38 square kilometers and has a population of 640,000. Located in the northwest of the city center, it spans inside and outside the city wall and is named after China Lianhu Park.

Yanta District covers an area of 152 square kilometers and a population of1120,000. It is located in the south of the city, named after the Big Wild Goose Pagoda in China.

Weiyang district covers an area of 262 square kilometers and has a population of 6 1 10,000. Located in the northwest of the city, it was named after the ruins of Weiyang Palace in Chang 'an in Han Dynasty.

Baqiao District covers an area of 322 square kilometers and has a population of 550,000. Located in the east of the city, it is named after the ancient Baqiao site in China.

Chang 'an District covers an area of 1.583 km2 and a population of 1.03 million. Located in the south and west of the city, the people's government is located in Qu Wei Sub-district Office.

Yanliang district covers an area of 240 square kilometers and has a population of 250,000. Located in the northeast of the city, 60 kilometers away from the city center, it is named after the idiom "Lv Yan Dan Liang".

Lintong District covers an area of 898 square kilometers and has a population of 670,000. Located in the eastern part of the city, it is named after He Lin and Tonghe in China.

Lantian county covers an area of 1976 square kilometers and has a population of 630,000. Languan town people's government.

Zhouzhi county covers an area of 2,956 square kilometers and has a population of 560,000. Erqu town people's government.

Huxian county covers an area of 12 13 square kilometers with a population of 560,000. Ganting Town People's Government.

Gaoling County covers an area of 290 square kilometers and has a population of 270,000. Luyuan town people's government.

The development of history

Xi 'an was the earliest capital of China (Huangdi), with the longest capital (1200 years) and the most dynasties (indefinite number). In the history of China, 20 regimes once established their capitals in Xi 'an. But which of them should be called dynasty and whose capital should be regarded as Xi 'an is a controversial issue. This is the different understanding of the concepts of "Korea", "capital" and "capital", which leads to the different understanding of which dynasty's capital is in a certain place. At present, the official statement is 13 dynasty. There are four different opinions: 10, 1 1, 12, 14, 17. Among them, there are two versions of 14 dynasty and 17 dynasty.

Xi in historical records is called "Huang Jincheng thousands of miles away, the land of abundance" and is the main birthplace of the Chinese nation. It was built by Zhou Wenwang in the 2nd century BC/KLOC-0. There have been 2 1 dynasties and political power built here, which is the ancient capital of China with the largest number of 13 dynasties (17 dynasties). 198 1 year, UNESCO established Xi as a "world famous historical city", which was one of the first national historical and cultural cities announced by the State Council.

Xi 'an, also known as Xijing, Xi Du, Fengcheng and Doucheng, is called "pickaxe" for short. From ancient times to the present, its names have been Tanjing, Haojing, Tang Ao, Xi (Xianyang East), Chang 'an, Chang 'an, Jingzhao, Daxing, Yongxing, Fengyuan and Xijing, among which "Chang 'an" is the most common and famous. Chang 'an means "long-term stability".

1949 On May 20th, Xi 'an was liberated. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), Xi 'an was once the seat of the Central Northwest Bureau and the Northwest Administrative Committee (the Central Northwest Bureau and the Northwest Administrative Committee were abolished). Municipalities directly under the Central Government: 1954 was changed to provincial cities, and now it is a sub-provincial city.

climatic resources

Xi belongs to the warm temperate semi-humid monsoon climate zone, with moderate rainfall and four distinct seasons. The annual maximum temperature is about 40 degrees, and the annual minimum temperature is about -8 degrees. The average frost-free period is 2 19~233 days. 65438+ 10 is the coldest month, with an average temperature of -0.5℃~ 1.3℃ and an average minimum temperature of -3.8℃. It is the hottest in July, with an average temperature of 26.3℃~27℃ and an average maximum temperature of 32.2℃. The annual average temperature is 65438 03.6℃. The extreme maximum temperature is 45.2℃( 1934 07 14) and the extreme minimum temperature is-20.6℃ (19951). In recent years, the climate is getting warmer. From 2003 to 2007, the average temperature in 10 was 0.8℃, and that in July was 27.3℃. The annual average temperature is 65438 05.5℃. ) The annual average precipitation is 507.7mm ~ 7 19.8mm ... The annual precipitation days are 96.6 days, and there are three rainfall peaks in a year, namely autumn in September 9- 10/0, summer in July-August and spring in April-May, especially autumn rain. The annual average humidity is 69.6%. Annual average snowfall 13.8 days (snowfall is scarce in recent years due to climate warming). There are more northeast winds in winter and more southerly winds in summer. Affected by topography, the annual average wind speed is 1.5m/s, which is obviously lower than that in most northern areas. The sky is cloudy, and the sunshine hours in the whole year are obviously lower than those in the northern region.

The average temperature of Xi in 2007 is 13.7℃ (Lantian) ~ 15.6℃ (Xi 'an), which is 0.6 ~ 1.9℃ higher than normal, 0.6℃ higher in Chang 'an and 1.9℃ higher in urban areas.

Maximum temperature The average hot period when the annual maximum temperature is equal to or greater than 35℃ is about 22 days, and the maximum is 19 1 year 1 day. In the 38 years from 196 1 to 1998, high temperature weather above 40℃ occurred in 9 years, and the highest temperature exceeded many years. They are 1934 (45.2℃), 1966 (43.4℃), 1998 (4 1.8℃) and 2005 (4 1.7℃).

Precipitation Xi In 2007, the total precipitation was 595.9 ~ 732.9 mm, with Lintong being the least and Huxian the most.

The sunshine hours in Xi 'an area of Rizhao in 2007 were 1398.5 ~ 2 126.7 hours. Compared with normal years, there are more sunshine hours in urban areas, Huxian and Lantian, and fewer sunshine hours in Gaoling, Chang 'an, Lintong and Zhouzhi.

Fog occurs frequently in autumn and winter, and the foggy days in all districts and counties are above 10 days throughout the year.

higher education

As a national experimental special zone for overall planning of scientific and technological resources, Xi 'an is the city with the largest concentration of key institutions of higher learning in China, ranking third in the country after Beijing and Shanghai. However, because the population of Xi 'an is only half that of the above two cities, it is the city with the highest density of colleges and universities and the largest number of people with higher education (on average, 1 person in every six people has a bachelor's degree or above). Xi has 37 ordinary colleges and universities, 36 private and other higher education institutions (the first in China), 334 doctoral programs, 826 master programs, 60 national key disciplines and 385 provincial and ministerial key disciplines. In addition, there are 8 military schools, 29 adult colleges and nearly 100 private colleges, with more than 6.5438+0.2 million college students. Xi universities play an important role in personnel training, scientific research and production experiments. Among them, Xi Jiaotong University, Northwestern Polytechnical University, xidian university, Northwestern University and other famous universities have trained a large number of talents for the construction and development of the country.

traffic

Xi is located in the geographical center of China. As an important transportation hub connecting the east and the west, Xi has formed a modern three-dimensional transportation network with aviation, railway and highway as the mainstay.

aviation

Xi Xianyang International Airport is an important airport in China. At present, there are 20 airlines operating 150 flights at the airport, and more than 400 flights take off and land at the airport every day. In 2009, the passenger throughput reached 6.5438+0.529 million, making it the fastest growing airport among the top ten airports in China.

Since March 2009, the second phase expansion project of Xi Xianyang International Airport has been fully launched, with a total investment of10391000,000 yuan. A second runway with a length of 3,800 meters and a width of 60 meters and a parallel taxiway will be built on the south side of the existing runway, so that the flight area can reach the 4F standard and can take off and land super-large intercontinental aircraft such as A380. The newly-built Terminal 3 covers an area of 253,000 square meters, which is four times that of the existing terminal. Upon completion, the newly-built Terminal 3 will be integrated with the existing 1 Terminal and Terminal 2, and there will be a shuttle bus ferry to facilitate the transfer of passengers and realize the integrated transportation between terminals.

railway

Xi Station is the largest railway hub in western China, connecting the railway lines such as Longhai, Xikang, Ningxi, Baoxi, Houxi, Xiantong and West Lake.

Xi station is a special passenger station in China and an important station of the Eurasian continental bridge in China. Nowadays, Xi 'an's railway construction has increasingly become a transportation hub connecting the Yangtze River basin and the Longhai Lanzhou-Xinjiang Railway.

China trains from Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Chongqing to Lhasa must pass through Xi 'an Station.

Xi South Railway Station, formerly known as Chang 'an Railway Station, was renamed on July 1 2006. Xi South Station has two platforms and four arrival and departure lines (including the main line). Xikang Railway is located in the leading town of Chang 'an District, Xi 'an, 5 1 km away from Xi 'an and 43 km away from Xi 'an Station. On June 8, 2009, it was officially handed over to Xi Railway Station.

In September 2008, Xi 'an North Station started construction, and Zhengzhou-Xi 'an Passenger Dedicated Line was introduced into Xi 'an Hub North Station. The railway station under construction is decided by the Ministry of Railways, and the plan is 18 unit and 34 lines. 20 10 was completed and put into use. This is the super-large railway station with the highest specification and scale in Asia.

highway

Highway construction has formed a high-grade radial trunk highway system with Xi 'an as the center, where nine national expressways meet, running through the whole province and radiating the surrounding provinces and cities. There are more than 2,800 kilometers of expressways and six national trunk highways passing through. The ring expressway and the new airport line were completed, and the second ring road and the third ring road were fully connected. All the cities and counties under its jurisdiction have opened expressways. Xi is also the hub of expressways in Shaanxi Province.

subway

Xi Metro Line 2 officially started construction on September 29th, 2006, and is scheduled to be officially opened to traffic on 20 1 1. The 1 line started on October 29th, 2008, and is expected to be officially completed in 20 13. Xi will also become the first city in northwest China with subway rail transit.

Tourism introduction

As one of the four ancient civilizations in the world (Xi, Rome, Cairo and Athens), Xi is a world-famous historical city with unique tourism resources. There are more than 120 imperial tombs around Xi 'an. From 1 10,000 years ago, Lantian ape-man in Paleolithic Age to banpo village in Neolithic Age more than 6,000+7,000 years ago, Xi 'an City has a history of more than 3 1 1,000 years, and many dynasties established their capitals here, which lasted more than 1 2,000 years. No wonder "Qin Zhong has been a country of emperors since ancient times"! During the Han and Tang Dynasties, Xi was the political, economic, cultural and foreign exchange center of China and the earliest international metropolis with a population of one million. "West Rome, East Chang 'an" is a portrayal of Xi 'an's position in world history. Qin Fengyun is the old capital, satisfied with the ancient city! The dragon is in China, and its roots are in Xi 'an!

Xi is also the starting point of the famous Silk Road. During the Western Han Dynasty, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty sent Zhang Qian to the Western Regions, which officially opened up the Silk Road, starting from Chang 'an and connecting Eurasia. Since then, China's diplomatic envoys, businessmen and envoys in Central Asia, West Asia and South Asia have been in an endless stream, with the rapid development of Chinese and foreign commercial trade, increasingly active cultural exchanges and deepening friendly exchanges.

"Xi 'an's cultural relics are the best in the world", with profound historical and cultural accumulation and vast cultural relics. Xi 'an enjoys the reputation of "Natural History Museum". There are 554 key cultural relics protection units in the province, including 89 national key cultural relics protection units in Shaanxi Province, 8,822 mausoleums, more than 5,700 ancient sites and more than 2 1 100 cultural relics. The Terracotta Warriors and Horses Pit of Qin Shihuang is known as "the eighth wonder of the world". The Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor is the earliest site listed on the World Heritage List in China, and the Xi 'an Ancient City Wall is the most complete and largest site of the ancient city wall in the world. In recent years, the development of Hanyang Mausoleum has once again caused a sensation in the world, and its unearthed nude figurines are known as "Venus of the East". Banpo site with a history of more than 6000 years in the city; The Forest of Steles Museum, with more than 3,000 Ming Dynasty stone tablets, is called the Stone History Library. Shaanxi History Museum with the largest cultural relics reserves in China; Big Wild Goose Pagoda, where Xuanzang, a famous monk in the Tang Dynasty, translated scriptures; The oldest mosque in northwest China, the Grand Mosque of Huajue Lane, and the mausoleum of the Yellow Emperor of Xuanyuan, the ancestor of China, around Xi 'an; Liu Che Mausoleum, Tomb of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty; Tang Ganling, the tomb of Wu Zetian in Tang Dynasty and Li Zhizhi in Tang Gaozong; Sakyamuni Buddha refers to famen temple, the site of Daming Palace in Tang Dynasty, and other famous scenic spots at home and abroad. The natural landscape is steep and unique. There are scenic spots such as Mount Huashan, Zhong Nanshan, Taibai Mountain, Wang Shunshan, Lishan, Louguantai and Wangchuan Cave in and around the territory, and there are more than ten forest parks around. The cultural landscape and the new look of the ancient city complement each other, forming the unique charm of the ancient Xi 'an.

In recent years, Xi's tourism industry has developed rapidly and its tourist facilities have been continuously improved. Tourism has become a real pillar industry and leading industry in Xi. Xi was also awarded the title of "China Excellent Tourist City" in the first batch.

Main cultural tourist attractions in Xi 'an: Terracotta Warriors and Horses, Wild Goose Pagoda, Little Wild Goose Pagoda, City Wall, Bell Tower, Drum Tower, Xi 'an Stele Forest, Daming Palace, Epang Palace Site, An Incident Site, Qingliu Temple, Xi 'an Banpo Site, Baxian Temple, Hongmen Banquet Site, Daiyuji, Qin Shihuang Military Straight Road, Western Zhou Fengxi Chemakeng, Cai Wenji Tomb, Zhouzhi Old County Nature Reserve, Lao. ...

Main modern leisure attractions, shopping spots and snack streets in Xi 'an: Big Wild Goose Pagoda North Square, Datang City that Never Sleeps, Chanba Ecological Zone/Xiaozhai, East Street, West Street, South Street, North Street, Romanesque Pedestrian Street, Rehabilitation Road, Jinhua/Fenxiang, Defu Lane and Huimin Street. ...