How to plant potatoes in Tengzhou?

Potato in Tengzhou City is well received by merchants and consumers because of its early listing and excellent quality, and its planting efficiency is high. The following is what I carefully arranged for you. Let's have a look.

First, before sowing

1, selection of excellent varieties: Dutch 7, Dutch 15, Luyin 1 and other virus-free 1-2 improved varieties were selected. , the amount of seeds per mu100-150kg.

2. Seed drying and dicing: the time is mid-June, 65438+February of last year. At noon on a sunny day, local potato seeds must be treated with 3-5ppm of 920 for 3-5 days and cut into pieces. Make full use of the advantages of the top and cut obliquely to the top in a spiral way. Each seed potato should have 1-2 bud holes. After cutting one seed potato at a time, the knife should be disinfected with 75% alcohol.

3. Accelerating germination indoors: the time is from the end of February of last year to the beginning of October of that year, and the germination is accelerated indoors at the temperature of 15- 18℃. In order to accelerate germination, the soil that has not been planted with potatoes for 2-3 years should be selected and disinfected with "Tujunxiao+Kejunkang 10g/ m3". The humidity of the bed soil is about 75%, that is, it is kneaded into a ball by hand and loosened after landing flat. When the potato buds grow to 1.5-2cm, take out the cool buds and leave them at 10- 15℃ for 3-5 days.

4. Plantar fertilization and deep ploughing: more than 5,000 kilograms of decomposed high-quality organic fertilizer are applied per mu, and after uniform fertilization, deep ploughing and harrowing are carried out.

5. Construction of shed: build plastic arch shed 3-5 days before sowing. *** 1*** shed location: fertile loam and sandy loam are selected, and there is no shade around the shed, with the lee facing the sun, no pollution, fresh air and convenient transportation. ***2*** shed body: generally, it runs in the north-south direction and is arranged in the east-west direction, which is conducive to uniform light reception and uniform plant growth in the shed. The greenhouse has a width of 6 6- 10/0m, a height of1.8-2.4m and a length of 40-60m from north to south. Small and medium-sized sheds are generally 2-6 meters wide and 20-60 meters long.

Second, the sowing date

6. Sowing: The sowing time in spring arch shed is early February, and the sowing time in open field is early March. Double row ridging cultivation, small row spacing of 20 cm, large row spacing of 85-90 cm, and plant spacing of 20-25 cm; Single row ridging cultivation, row spacing of 65-70cm, plant spacing of 20-25cm. Ditching depth is 8- 10 cm, width is 20 cm, seeding hole fertilization * * * Use chemical fertilizer according to soil fertility formula, apply 80- 100 kg of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer per mu, or * * * transfer 50-70 kg of controlled-release fertilizer to Dr. Nong+20 kg of urea, and prohibit nitrate nitrogen fertilizer * *. 50% phoxim EC 500ml/ mu or 3% phoxim granules 4-5kg/ mu can be used to control underground pests, and highly toxic, highly toxic and highly residual pesticides are strictly prohibited.

Third, on-site management

7. Field management: keep the temperature at 20-26℃ during the day and 12- 14℃ at night. At the early stage of growth, you can open a small mouth for air exchange at noon, and gradually increase the air exchange volume with the increase of external temperature. Both ends of the shed are ventilated in the middle and late March, and the film is completely uncovered in the first half of April and in the middle of April.

8. Water management: According to the weather conditions and soil moisture, water is generally poured once after emergence, clumping and capping. Water should not be flooded, and it is better to pour it to the ridge height 1/3- 1/2. Potatoes should be attacked by water during tuber formation. Stop watering 5 days before harvest.

9. Suitable topdressing: 50 grams of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is sprayed on the leaves of each mu during the potato expansion period, with an interval of 7 ~ 10 day and continuous spraying for 2 ~ 3 times.

Fourth, pest control.

In spring, the growth period of potato in arch shed is short and there are few diseases. The field should focus on the prevention and control of aphids, late blight, bacterial wilt, ring rot and virus diseases.

Control principle: According to the plant protection policy of "prevention first, comprehensive control", adhere to the principle of "agricultural control, physical control and biological control first, supplemented by chemical control".

4. 1 agricultural control

4. 1. 1 Select disease-resistant varieties.

4. 1.2 create suitable environmental conditions: cultivate healthy seedlings of suitable age and improve stress resistance; Control temperature and humidity to avoid low temperature and high temperature; Strictly prevent water accumulation and clean up the site, which is beneficial to the growth and development of plants and avoids infectious diseases.

4. 1.3 Farming system reform: implement strict rotation system.

4. 1.4 scientific fertilization: soil testing and balanced fertilization, more fully decomposed organic fertilizers and less chemical fertilizers to prevent soil eutrophication.

4.2 Physical Prevention and Control

Use yellow board to trap and kill aphids, or cover with silver-gray plastic film to drive away aphids.

4.3 Biological control

4.3. 1 natural enemies: actively protect and use natural enemies to control pests and diseases.

4.3.2 Biological agents: Use biological agents to control pests and diseases.

4.4 chemical control

Aphids: 20 grams of 50% aphid spraying wettable powder is selected for spraying per mu, or 20% aphids are used for control, and spraying is stopped 10 day before harvesting.

Late blight: control with 52.5% yikuaijing and 40% ethyl phosphate, aluminum, manganese and zinc.

Ring rot and bacterial wilt are the spread of seed potatoes. So be sure to cut the potatoes well. If you find sick potatoes, destroy them and disinfect them with a knife.

Viral diseases: Aphids and mites are the disseminators of viral diseases, and the prevention and control of aphids and mites should be done well in the field.

Underground pests: phoxim granules control.

4.5 Rational application of pesticides

Strictly control the safe interval of pesticides.

Prohibit the use of pesticides prohibited in the production of green food.

Potato planting method

First, newly turn over the soil, apply sufficient base fertilizer to keep the soil moist. Select fine varieties suitable for local conditions for reasonable close planting, and spray a new layer of high-fat film on the surface after planting, which plays the role of heat preservation, moisture preservation, fertilizer conservation and promoting seedling emergence.

Second, soil conservation, timely loosening and ridging, increasing soil permeability, timely watering, intertillage weeding, rational fertilization, avoiding nutrient loss of water and fertilizer in the field, spraying new high-fat film, greatly improving the utilization rate of effective components of fertilizer, not afraid of sun evaporation, regulating water absorption, and preventing drought and rain.

Three, the main diseases of potato growth period are early blight, late blight, ring rot, black shank, mosaic virus, leaf curl, bacterial wilt, black spot and so on. Pests include aphids, mealybugs and underground pests, such as cutworms, golden bugs, grubs and crickets. If we use targeted chemicals,

Fourth, control leaves to promote stems and accelerate expansion. In the flowering and expansion period, it is very important to reasonably control and obliquely supply the nutritional needs of tuber expansion and growth, in addition to ensuring adequate water and fertilizer supply. Before flowering, tuber formation and expansion, Diguozhuangdiling should be sprayed in time to effectively control the overgrowth of branches and leaves on the upper surface, accelerate the ultra-rapid expansion of underground tubers, enhance the ability to resist pests and diseases, and ensure the high quality, high efficiency and good harvest of potatoes.