Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Weather forecast - What is the altitude of Moon Lake?
What is the altitude of Moon Lake?
Moon Lake in Tengger Desert of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region
Tengger Desert, Tengger Desert, the fourth largest desert in China. It is located in the southeast of Alashan region, between 3730 and 40 north latitude and between10220 and106 east longitude, with an area of about 42,700 square kilometers. The administrative division mainly belongs to Alashan Zuo Qi, and the west and southeast edges belong to Gansu Minqin, Ningxia Wuwei and Zhongwei respectively. The desert includes Nanjiling in the north and Tengger in the south, commonly known as Tengger Desert. Dunes, lakes and mountains crisscross peacefully in the desert. Among them, sand dunes account for 7 1%, lake basins account for 7%, and mountainous hills account for 22% of peace. Among the dunes, mobile dunes account for 93%, and the rest are fixed and semi-fixed dunes. Generally, the height is 10 to 20 meters, mainly composed of lattice dunes and lattice dune chains, and crescent dunes are distributed in the marginal areas. A tall compound dune chain was found in the northeast of the desert, with a height of about 50 to 100 meters. Fixed and semi-fixed dunes are mainly distributed in the periphery of desert and the edge of lake basin, and the plants on them are mostly Artemisia and Nitraria. There are Artemisia, Elaeagnus angustifolia, Phragmites australis, Calligonum, Tamarix, Wang Ba and so on. On the flowing sand dunes, it grows better than the Badain Jaran Desert. There are also large areas of ephedra in Magang area in the northwest and southwest of the desert. There are natural secondary forests of Populus euphratica, Toudao Lake and Tonghu Lake and artificial forests built after 1949 on the sand dunes around Wutongshu Lake. Baotou-lanzhou railway runs through the southeast edge of Tengger Desert, with a total length of 3 1km( 19 miles). 200 m and 300 m (656 m and 984 m) along the railway have been treated, and the original mobile sand dunes have been fixed to ensure the safety of railway transportation. Edit this paragraph to form the background, the fourth largest desert in China. It is located in the southwest of Alashan Zuo Qi, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, bordering Gansu Province. It spans the Great Wall in the south, Helan Mountain in the east and Laishan Mountain in Ya Bu in the west. It covers an area of about 30,000 square kilometers. The altitude is about 1200~ 1400 meters. Tengger Mongolian means heaven, which means boundless quicksand is like boundless sky, hence the name. Inside the desert, sand dunes, lake basins, salt marshes, grass beaches, mountains and plains crisscross. Among them, sand dunes account for 7 1%, of which 7% belong to fixed and semi-fixed sand dunes. Most of the southwest desert is covered by vegetation, mainly ephedra and Artemisia ordosica. In the central, southern and northern depressions, plants grow well, mainly Artemisia. Mobile sand dunes are mainly composed of grid sand dunes and grid sand dune chains, with a general height of 10-20m, and some compound sand dune chains with a height of 10- 100m, which often move to the southeast. There are 422 large and small lake basins in the desert, of which 25 1 has accumulated water, mainly for spring recharge and temporary water collection, mostly tertiary residual lakes, which are the main settlements of residents. 1958 started the sand control work, and hundreds of shelterbelts were built, which made baotou-lanzhou railway cross the desert unimpeded. This is a great achievement of sand control science in China. The reason for this section is overgrazing in Tengger Desert. The two main reasons for the formation of Tengger Desert are drought and wind. In addition, due to the cutting down of forest trees and the destruction of grasslands, the ground is covered with plants, so deserts are formed. In addition to the drought of climatic conditions, the felling of trees and the destruction of grasslands, the formation of deserts is also rich in desert material sources, mostly distributed in inland mountain basins with rich sediments and depressions and lowlands on denuded plateaus. Sand source has fine-grained materials from ancient or modern sediments. For example, the sands in Taklimakan Desert and Gurbantunggut Desert in China are all from the alluvial deposits of ancient rivers; Most of the sediments in Tengger Desert, Mu Us Desert and Little Tengger Desert come from ancient and modern alluvial deposits and lake deposits. The deserts in the middle reaches of the Tarim River and the lower reaches of the sliding trunk river in the southwest of Korla all come from alluvial materials of modern rivers. Dunes in Tengger Desert, Helan Mountain and Langshan-Bayin Wula Mountain come from diluvial-alluvial materials. Dunes in the highlands of central and western Ordos are formed by the remains of weathered bedrock.
The climate in this section is controlled by the westerly circulation all the year round, which is a typical continental climate in the middle temperate zone. Precipitation is scarce, with annual average precipitation 102.9mm, annual maximum precipitation 150.3mm, annual minimum precipitation 33.3mm, annual average temperature 7.8, absolute maximum temperature 39, absolute minimum temperature -29.6, annual average evaporation 2,258.8mm, and frost-free period 168. 389. 1, the southwest wind prevails all the year round, and the main harmful wind is the northwest wind, with strong wind power, with an average annual wind speed of 4.1m/s. Sandstorm is the main natural disaster, but it is rich in light and heat resources, so developing agriculture has potential advantages. This section of Tengger Desert is rich in original ecological lake resources. There are hundreds of original ecological lakes that have survived for tens of millions of years in Tengger Desert. Under the blue sky, the desert is desolate and vast, with thousands of miles of undulating sand dunes scattered like solidified waves, and the soft lines show its extraordinary charm. Standing on the high sand dunes in Tengger Dalai, you will be surprised to find a strange original ecological lake, which looks like a map of China. The distribution of reeds marks all provinces and regions in China-this is the Moon Lake in Tengrida. According to the test, Moon Lake is half a freshwater lake and half a saltwater lake. Lake water contains selenium, iron oxide and other mineral trace elements 10, with strong purification ability. This lake has been muddy for millions of years. Although the annual precipitation is only 220mm, the lake water has not decreased, but has increased. Moon Lake is the only original ecological lake with coastline among many lakes in Tengger Desert. On its 3-kilometer-long and 2-kilometer-wide coastline, a thin surface layer can be dug out, exposing thousands of years of black sand and silt. After testing, the unique black mud of Moon Lake is rich in more than a dozen trace elements, which is very similar to the formula of medicinal bath recommended by international health care institutions, and its quality is better than that of Dead Sea black mud. It can be described as a unique pure ecological resource in Tengger Dalai. There are 422 large and small lake basins in the desert. Most of them are grass lakes without clear water, covering an area of 1 to 100 square kilometers. It is distributed in a strip shape, and the water source mainly comes from diving in the surrounding mountains. The vegetation types in the basin are mainly swamps, meadows and halophytes, which are the main pastures in the desert. Most mountainous areas are scattered and isolated hills covered by quicksand or divided by sand dunes, such as Alagou Mountain, Qingshan Mountain, Toudao Mountain, Erdao Mountain, Sandao Mountain, Sidao Mountain and Lan Tu Mountain. The flat land in the desert is mainly distributed between Zhala Lake and Tonghu Lake in the southeast. A small piece of land has been reclaimed at the edge of the lake basin in the desert. The population density is greater than that of Badain Jaran Desert. There are towns such as Chahambulug, Turantai and Ikle in the belly of the desert, and residential areas are distributed around the larger lake basin. On the edge of the desert, there are settlements such as Tonghu, Toudao Lake, Wendutu and Meng Gen, as well as some sand-fixing forest fields. Shapotou is a national nature reserve with an area of 1.27 million hectares. The desert is full of light and earthquakes are predictable. Rizhao desert has abundant sunshine, with the highest temperature of 39 and an area of 286.6 square kilometers. The main component of solar thermoelectric power generation is solar collector. To achieve the 280 degrees Celsius required for power generation. The collector must concentrate. Taking a small single low-pressure steam turbine made in China as an example, its power generation capacity is 6478kW, and the required solar collector area is 45000m2. There are no fixed roads in the desert, because the sand dunes are relatively small, so there are more residential areas. The east-west passage often goes directly through the desert. Baotou-lanzhou railway crosses the southeast edge of the desert. Chahan pond, Hongyan pond and Tuntang in the desert are rich in salt. Residents are mainly Mongolians, who manage animal husbandry and settle down for grazing. Topographically, this section belongs to the alluvial plain of Alashan Plateau, with an altitude of1050m. Geologically speaking, it is a faulted basin, covered by Quaternary alluvial-lacustrine sediments, with fine sand and clay sediments as well as alluvial and lacustrine sediments.
The buried depth of groundwater is 5-8 meters, and the shallow water resources are rich and the water quality is good, which is suitable for irrigation. According to the survey data of Inner Mongolia Hetao General Administration, shallow confined water and semi-confined water are extremely rich, with 100 meters of aquifers and a total reserve of 5.7 billion cubic meters. With good water quality, it is a high-quality irrigation and drainage source. Edit this paragraph. The tourism department has arranged many special activities for tourists, such as picnic in the desert, camping in the desert, watching the stars and the moon, looking for water in the desert, visiting desert nomads, visiting bird lakes and fish lakes in the desert, and enjoying ancient rock paintings. These are specialties: wandering in Tengger Desert. In addition, the tourism department also provides guests with vehicles, food, camel workers, tour guides and camping equipment. Of course, the most important thing is the camel. This tourist camel named "Tengger Desert-Swan Lake" is equipped with a savings bag containing fruit and food in addition to elegant saddle pedals. Tourist cameras, binoculars, etc. You can put it in the hunchback's dirty wallet. In addition to tourists sitting on camels, there are also tour guides, camel escorts and rear-end logistics camels. Camel bells equipped by the camel team can ring ten miles away at night, giving people a feeling of safety and stability, and also playing a role in regulating the pace of camels. Swan Lake: Swan Lake in Tengger Desert, located in Alashan Zuo Qi (Bayanhaote Town), Alashan League, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, on the eastern edge of Tengger Desert, with a length of 1 500 meters from north to south and a length of 500 meters from east to west, covering an area of 3.2 kilometers ... Swan Lake is about 35 kilometers away from Moon Lake and Bayanhaote Town, where the flag government is located, forming an obtuse isosceles triangle. Swan Lake is surrounded by a vast desert with undulating sand dunes and rolling sand waves. The scene is magnificent and refreshing. Swan Lake and Moon Lake, one large and one small, are a pair of outstanding sister flowers in Tengger 190 lakes. They set off each other and have their own charms, attracting a large number of tourists. Moon Lake in Tengger Desert is located in the hinterland of Tengger Desert in Alxa League, Inner Mongolia, China. Moon Lake is a desert adventure camp with the shortest radius from major cities in China, and it is the best travel for modern urbanites to seek excitement and complete relaxation outside the fierce competitive life. Moon Lake has three unique features: First, it looks like a map of China: standing on a high sand dune, a complete map of China is displayed in front of you, and the distribution of reeds marks the provinces one by one; Second, the natural medicinal bath formula of lake water: The lake water with an area of three square kilometers is rich in potassium salt, manganese salt, a small amount of sodium nitrate, trona, trona, iron oxide and other trace elements, which is very similar to the medicinal bath formula recommended by international health care institutions. Lake water has a strong biological purification ability, which can quickly improve and restore the true colors of nature. It is a black beach with a history of 30 million years: a natural bathing beach with a length of one kilometer and a width of nearly 100 meters. Pushing open its surface, there is pure black sand and mud more than ten meters thick below. Its texture is far superior to the dead sea black mud, and it is a treasure of natural mud therapy. The water, electricity and communication facilities in the scenic area are complete and the transportation is convenient. There is a black oil road in the reception station of the scenic spot. It is about130km from Yinchuan Airport and Railway Station. Animal husbandry in Tengger Desert mainly includes cistanche deserticola, Cynomorium songaricum and Sophora alopecuroides. There are 6.5438+0.5 million mu of natural Haloxylon ammodendron forest and 5.787 million mu of cistanche deserticola, with an annual collection of 6.5438+0.50 tons. Nitraria 28.25 million mu, Cynomorium songaricum 654.38+083.3 million mu, annual collection of more than 500 tons; The distribution area of natural Sophora alopecuroides seeds is 654.38 0.34 million mu, the resource output is 400,000 tons, and the annual collection is 654.38 0.00 tons. As far as the soil and vegetation in Tengger Desert are concerned, the zonal soil in Tengger Desert is gray desert soil and brown calcium soil. Vegetation is
Mainly Dendrocalamus latiflorus and Artemisia selengensis; Plants in fixed dunes grow intensively, mainly Artemisia ordosica; In widely distributed lake basins, salinized meadow and swamp vegetation are the main vegetation because of good water conditions. The main economic vegetation includes reed, Achnatherum splendens, Nitraria tangutorum, Salicornia bigelovii Torr, etc. Coverage of 20%-60%, it is the main pasture and mowing land in the desert. The distribution of plants from quicksand to the abdomen of lake basin has certain regularity. In the piedmont alluvial plain on the edge of the desert and the island hills and valleys in the desert, the main feed and medicinal plants are red sand, pearls, ephedra, ammopiptanthus mongolicus, overlord, Caragana tibetica, Schizonepeta, Ceratoides arborescens, Inula spinosa, shrubs and Ai Ju. The grass group is mixed with a large number of tufted grass, showing the characteristics of grassland. According to the above situation, grazing should still be the main utilization field of desert areas in the future. It is necessary to strengthen the protection and utilization of existing grasslands and control grazing in fixed dunes. Establish a rotational grazing system for fixed sand dunes and lake basins; In areas with good water resources, artificial and semi-artificial grasslands combining forest and grass should be established. According to the relevant person in charge of Wuhai Forestry Bureau, in the past 40 years, due to the dual reasons of natural climate warming and man-made destruction, the Wulanbu Desert has expanded from east to south at an alarming rate. According to relevant data, in the early 1960s, the eastern edge of Ulan Buh Desert was nearly 30 kilometers away from Wuhai. Less than 40 years later, nearly13 of the land in Uda District was swallowed up by Wulanbu and the desert. The eastern edge of Wulanbuhe Desert extends from Alashan League on the west bank of the Yellow River to Haibowan area on the east bank of the Yellow River, with an erosion area of nearly 100 square kilometers, all of which form crescent-shaped and semi-moon-shaped mobile sand dunes, some of which are as high as 50 meters. The rapid development of Ulan Buh Desert has seriously affected the daily life of people in the surrounding areas. According to the third monitoring report of desertification and desertification land in the autonomous region, the proportion of desertification and desertification area in Wuhai city to the total land area of the city is as high as 80. 12%. Serious desertification leads to a bad natural ecological environment in Wuhai. The annual average precipitation is less than160mm (only 8 1.5mm in 2005), but the evaporation is as high as 3500mm. Sandstorm weather and sandstorms occur frequently, and the average daily wind speed is more than 3m/s for as many as 30 1 day. Wuhai has become one of the cities with the most serious desertification in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and even the whole country. The first part of this section is management and utilization. The present situation and characteristics of climate, hydrology, soil and vegetation in Tengger Desert provide the premise and ideas for the management and utilization of Tengger Desert. Judging from the climatic and hydrological conditions, Tengger Desert has obvious continental climate characteristics. Close to lakes and rivers, the water conditions are good. The dryness of Tengger Desert is 4- 12, the annual average temperature is 7-9-2, 10, the accumulated temperature is 3200-36000, the annual sunshine hours are 3 100-3200, and the frost-free period is145-/kloc. It is one of the regions with the longest sunshine time and the highest accumulated temperature in Inner Mongolia and Ningxia. The annual precipitation is1; 6- 148mm, although the rainfall is small, it is mostly concentrated in July and August, and the rain and heat are the same season, which provides good hydrothermal conditions for the growth of annual grasses and other grasses in summer. The annual evaporation is 3000-3600 mm, the annual average wind speed is 3-4 m/s, there are 8-level storms in February-March, and the annual windy days are 30-50 days. It is one of the areas with abundant wind energy resources in the desert. This provides a premise for the utilization of wind energy. Secondly, the Yellow River flows through the southeast edge of Tengger Desert, and irrigation from the Yellow River has achieved good results since ancient times. Especially in Zhongwei county, drought and flood guarantee the harvest, which can be described as blocking the south of the Yangtze River. We should continue to improve and expand the irrigation system from the Yellow River to there, and consolidate and expand the oasis along the Yellow River. In order to achieve this goal, a shelter belt should be established in the north of this oasis to block the E in the south.
The distribution of the lake basin is in a regular north-south parallel arrangement, separated by a 3-5 km wide mobile sand dune belt; Most lakes on the western and southern edges are irregularly distributed, ranging from 5000 to 10000 hectares to less than 1000 hectares. For them, there are many lakes and springs with good water quality and lush vegetation. Although the area is small, it is a local animal husbandry base with abundant aquatic plants. Judging from the above, the Tengger Desert, especially in the south, is dotted with lakes and some flat and open land, and the Yellow River flows through it. Therefore, the Yellow River has great potential for irrigation. Strengthen the comprehensive development and utilization of lake basins and beaches, and build other oases while building existing oasis bases. Fourthly, as far as the soil and vegetation in Tengger Desert are concerned, the zonal soil in Tengger Desert is gray desert soil and brown calcium soil. The vegetation is mainly desert shrubs and semi-shrubs. In gravel and sand, there are often a lot of gypsum aggregate; There is a large area of saline-alkali soil in the lake basin, in which meadow saline soil is the most widely distributed and a large number of halophytes are growing. Sandy soil is the largest soil type in China, distributed from the edge of lake basin to the piedmont plain, and is the basis of oasis plants. There are almost no plants growing in a large number of mobile dunes, and the coverage rate is below 1%; The vegetation coverage of semi-fixed dunes is 15%-20%. Mainly Dendrocalamus latiflorus and Artemisia selengensis; Plants in fixed dunes grow intensively, mainly Artemisia ordosica; In widely distributed lake basins, salinized meadow and swamp vegetation are the main vegetation because of good water conditions. The main economic vegetation is reed, Achnatherum splendens, Nitraria tangutorum, salt mustard and so on. Coverage of 20%-60%, it is the main pasture and mowing land in the desert. The distribution of plants from quicksand to the abdomen of lake basin has certain regularity. In the piedmont alluvial plain on the edge of the desert and the island hills and valleys in the desert, the main feed and medicinal plants are red sand, pearls, ephedra, ammopiptanthus mongolicus, overlord, Caragana tibetica, Schizonepeta, Ceratoides arborescens, Inula spinosa, shrubs and Ai Ju. The grass group is mixed with a large number of tufted grass, showing the characteristics of grassland. According to the above situation, grazing should still be the main utilization field of desert areas in the future. It is necessary to strengthen the protection and utilization of existing grasslands and control grazing in fixed dunes. Establish a rotational grazing system for fixed sand dunes and lake basins; In areas with good water resources, artificial and semi-artificial grasslands combining forest and grass should be established. Fifthly, Tengger Desert is a scientific research demonstration area for sand prevention and control in desert areas of China, and has made great achievements in sand prevention and control. It is known as a miracle in the history of human sand control-a world-class sand control project, and the United Nations awarded it one of the world's top 500 environmental protection projects. Shapotou, Zhongwei, on the southern edge of the desert, has established a national nature reserve with the world's first desert railway-Zhongwei section of baotou-lanzhou railway. In the future, we should focus on railway sand prevention, give full play to the advantages of scientific research and production institutions, and popularize scientific research achievements and applicable technologies for sand prevention and control. Sixth, continue to sow and plant grass by air in the desert grassland on the eastern edge of Tengger Desert. Alashan Zuo Qi is located in the northwest of Bayanhaote Town, where the flag government is located. Excellent local herbages Artemisia ordosica and Calligonum mongolicum were planted, which received good ecological benefits. After aerial sowing of pasture, the sown area has changed obviously, and exposed and undulating quicksand has appeared. The hilly sandy land has become a green meadow, and the quicksand is fixed and semi-fixed, which makes the barren desert become a first-class meadow in the whole flag, and the planting area rate, plant coverage and forage yield have doubled. Most of the planting areas have been opened for grazing in winter and spring or used as grazing bases for drought relief, and some have been used as grass seed collection bases. In view of the important role of aerial seeding forage in the development of animal husbandry and wind and sand fixation in Alashan
- Related articles
- Beautiful sentences in the evening
- What's the harm of going out in foggy weather? What is the reason?
- Wangjiang weather forecast Wangjiang weather forecast
- What is white tea?
- Why is allergic rhinitis high in spring? How to relieve symptoms?
- What does nine-color auspicious clouds mean?
- Tomb-Sweeping Day Shiyan Sifang Mountain Ta Qing 600-word composition
- The weather in Beijing from April 2 to 6.
- How to add weather gadgets to iphone?
- Classification of severe weather