Method for planting Chinese cabbage

1. Planting time: Chinese cabbage is mainly planted in autumn. According to its varieties, the sowing time can be divided into: early-maturing varieties are sown in early and middle August, middle and late-maturing varieties are sown in late August to early September, and late-maturing varieties are most suitable for sowing in late August.

2. Soil preparation and base fertilizer: Chinese cabbage can be planted in the north and south, so it has low requirements for soil and can adapt to various environments, but sandy loam or loam rich in organic matter is the best, and the previous crop of the selected plot is not suitable for Cruciferae, so it should be rotated reasonably.

Soil preparation and fertilization should be carried out one week before sowing, and the plots should be deeply plowed and raked, and the ridges should be leveled and ditched to facilitate irrigation and drainage. Apply 5000-7000 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer per mu, and at the same time mix 50 kg of NPK compound fertilizer and spread it evenly on the soil. Combined with cultivated land, the fertilizer and soil are mixed evenly.

3. Sowing and seedling raising: select excellent seeds with strong stress resistance, cold tolerance and no disease. When sowing, three methods can be used, namely, drill sowing, hole sowing and machine sowing. Choose a suitable sowing method for sowing, and generally the dosage per mu is about 0.5kg.

When sowing, control the row spacing of plants. If the climate and soil conditions are good, it can be planted densely, otherwise it should be planted thinly. After the seeds germinate, keep the soil moist and accelerate the emergence of seedlings. When 2-3 or 4-5 real leaves are grown, the seedlings should be replanted once every other seedling, and some weeds, diseased seedlings and weak seedlings should be removed.

4. Planting: When the seedlings grow to 5-6 true leaves, they can be transplanted and planted. Choose sunny afternoon when transplanting, try to avoid the strong sunshine at noon, and increase the survival rate. It is also necessary to determine the density according to the variety and soil, water it immediately after transplanting to keep the soil moist, and then water it once every morning and evening for three days to help slow down the seedlings and keep them alive.

5. Field management: The yield of Chinese cabbage is extremely high, so the amount of fertilizer needed is also extremely high. When preparing soil, we should not only apply sufficient base fertilizer, but also timely topdressing. Generally, after applying sufficient base fertilizer at seedling stage, topdressing is not needed. If you don't have enough base fertilizer, you can apply topdressing at the rate of 10 kg per mu. When applying fertilizer, sprinkle it on both sides of the seedlings, and don't apply it directly to the roots, so as not to cause root burns. Water immediately after fertilization.

After transplanting, topdressing fertilizer for the second time, at the same time topdressing ammonium sulfate15-20kg, ditching and watering; For the third time, 30 kg of ammonium sulfate and 15 kg of calcium superphosphate were applied at the stage of tree cluster, combined with soil cultivation; For the fourth time, ammonium sulfate 15-20 kg was applied at the nodulation stage. Watering is also very important, depending on the climate and soil. Water should be controlled at the end of the rosette and watered after the third topdressing. Chinese cabbage needs a lot of water when heading, so the soil should always be moist.

Extended data:

Pest control of Chinese cabbage

1, aphid control: 10% nicotine (Kanghelin) 800- 1000 times solution, 25% Aketai 750- 1500 times solution, 3% acetamiprid (Mobil) 2000-3000 times solution.

2. Pieris rapae, flea beetle and underground pests: control with deltamethrin (killing enemy) 2000 times solution and cypermethrin 15% 1000 times solution.

3. Plutella xylostella: 50- 100 ml of 5% Ruijinte suspension concentrate per mu mixed with 60 kg of water for control. Biological pesticides, such as 5% chlorhexidine EC 2000 times, 3% emamectin benzoate microemulsion 4000-6000 times or 2% avermectin 3000-5000 times. In addition, the biological control technology-sex pheromone can be used to trap and kill adults. In the early stage of the occurrence of Plutella xylostella, trapping and killing with low population density in the field can also play a good control effect.

4. Wild slugs: place tiles, vegetable leaves or tied stems or branches in the middle of the field. After the sun comes out, they often hide inside and can concentrate on cleaning up and killing. Mix snail poison or chlorhexidine with rice bran, bean sugar, grass, etc. And mix them into rust-killing bait. Use 0.7 kg of 6% Mida Granule or 65,438+0-2 kg of 3% Miwoling Granule per mu. After crushing, mix 5-7.5 kg of fine soil, and scatter it in the rows near the roots of damaged plants in the evening when the soil surface is dry in warm weather. After 2-3 days, the wild slugs exposed to chemicals secrete a lot of mucus and die.

References:

Baidu encyclopedia-cabbage